Browse > Article
http://dx.doi.org/10.5141/ecoenv.2015.021

Physicochemical tolerance ranges and ecological characteristics in two different populations of Carassius auratus and Cyprinus carpio  

Kang, Seung Gu (Department of Biological Science, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
Choi, Ji-Woong (Department of Biological Science, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
An, Kwang-Guk (Department of Biological Science, College of Biosciences and Biotechnology, Chungnam National University)
Publication Information
Journal of Ecology and Environment / v.38, no.2, 2015 , pp. 195-211 More about this Journal
Abstract
The objectives of this research were to determine mean and maximum tolerance ranges of Carassius auratus ($C_a$) and Cyprinus carpio ($C_c$) populations on various physico-chemical parameters and ecological indicator metrics. Little is known about chemical tolerance ranges of the two species, even though these species are widely distributed species in aquatic ecosystems. Maximum tolerance ranges of $C_a$-population to total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were $20.3mgL^{-1}$ and $2.0mgL^{-1}$, respectively. Optimal ranges of TN and TP in the $C_a$-population were $1.7-5.0mgL^{-1}$ and $0.06-0.30mgL^{-1}$, respectively. Such nutrient regimes of the $C_a$-population were evaluated as hypereutrophy, indicating high tolerance limits. The $C_c$-population had similar ecological characteristics to $C_a$-population, but the mean tolerance ranges of TN, TP, BOD, and COD were significantly (p < 0.05) greater than the $C_a$-population. Ecological patterns of trophic composition and tolerance guilds in the $C_a$-population were similar to those of the $C_c$-population. The model value of Index of Biological Integrity (IBI) of the habitat where C. auratus and C. carpio co-occurred averaged $15.0{\pm}4.3$ and $12.9{\pm}3.6$, respectively. Based on the modified criteria of the United States Environmental Protection Agency (Klemm et al. 1993), it indicated poor ecological health of both species. These results suggest that both species are highly tolerant to chemical and physical habitat conditions of waterbodies, and that the chemical tolerance range of $C_c$-population was higher than $C_a$-population.
Keywords
Carassius auratus; chemical tolerance; Cyprinus carpio; ecological guild; water quality;
Citations & Related Records
Times Cited By KSCI : 1  (Citation Analysis)
연도 인용수 순위
1 Allan JD. 2004. Landscapes and riverscapes: the influence of land use on stream ecosystems. Annu Rev Ecol Evol Syst 35: 257-284.   DOI
2 An KG, Lee JY, Bae DY, Kim JH, Hwang SJ, Won DH, Lee JK, Kim CS. 2006. Ecological assessments of aquatic environment using multi-metric model in major nationwide stream watersheds. J Korean Soc Water Environ 22: 796-804.
3 An KG, Park SS, Shin JY. 2002. An evaluation of a river health using the index of biological integrity along with relations to chemical and habitat conditions. Environ Int 28: 411-420.   DOI
4 An KG, Yeom DH, Lee SK. 2001. Rapid bioassessments of Kap Stream using the index of biological integrity. Korean J Environ Biol 19: 261-269.
5 Baer KE, Pringle CM. 2000. Special problems of urban river conservation: the encroaching megalopolis. In: Global Perspectives on River Conservation: Science, Policy and Practice (Boon PJ, Davies BR, Petts GE, eds). John Wiley& Sons Ltd, Chichester, pp 385-402.
6 Barbour MT, Gerritsen J, Snyder BD, Stribling JB. 1999. Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and wadeable rivers: periphyton, benthic macroinvertebrates and fish, 2nd ed. United States Enivironmental Protection Agency, Office of Water, Washington, DC. Report No.: EPA 841-B-99-002.
7 Bartholow JM. 1989. Stream temperature investigations: field and analytical methods. Instream flow information paper no. 13. Biological Report 89. Fish and Wildlife Service, US Department of the Interior, Washington D.C.
8 Beitinger TL, Bennett WA, McCauley RW. 2000. Temperature tolerances of North American freshwater fishes exposed to dynamic changes in temperature. Environ Biol Fish 58: 237-275.   DOI
9 Brian JV, Harris CA, Scholze M, Backhaus T, Booy P, Lamoree M, Pojana G, Jonkers N, Runnalls T, Bonfa A, Marcomini A, Sumpter JP. 2005. Accurate prediction of the response of freshwater fish to a mixture of estrogenic chemicals. Environ Health Persp 113: 721-728.   DOI
10 Brown C, Gardner C, Braithwaite VA. 2005. Differential stress responses in fish from areas of high-and low-predation pressure. J Comp Physiol B 175:305-312.   DOI
11 Bunn SE, Arthington AH. 2002. Basic principles and ecological consequences of altered flow regimes for aquatic biodiversity. Environ Manage 30: 492-507.   DOI
12 Choi JW, Kumar HK, Han JH, An KG. 2011. The development of a regional multimetric fish model based on biological integrity in lotic ecosystems and some factors influencing the stream health. Water Air Soil Poll 217: 3-24.   DOI
13 Choi KC. 1987. Nature of Chungnam Province. Freshwater fishes. Korea Foundation for the Advancement of Science and Technology, Jeongmun Publishing Co., Seoul.
14 Choi KC. 1989. Freshwater Fish in Korea. Seomun Publishing Co., Ltd, Seoul.
15 Didier J, Kestemont P, Micha JC. 1995. Indice Biotique d'Integrite Piscicole pour Evaluer la Qualite Ecologique des Ecosystemes Aquqtiques. Unite de Recerche en biologie des Organismes, Facultes Universitairies N.D.la Paix, Namur, Belgium report (n 3) to the Ministere de la Region wallonne (MRW-DGTRE).
16 Dyer SD, White-Hull CE, Shephard BK. 2000. Assessments of chemical mixtures via toxicity reference values overpredict hazard to Ohio fish communities. Environ Sci Technol 34: 2518-2524.   DOI
17 Ganasan V, Hughes RM. 1998. Application of an index of biological integrity (IBI) to fish assemblages of the rivers Khan and Kshipra (Madhya Pradesh), India. Freshw Biol 40: 367-383.   DOI
18 Hamilton K, Bergersen EP. 1984. Methods to Estimate Aquatic Habitat Variables. Colorado Cooperative Fishery Research Unit, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO.
19 Hornig CE, Bayer CW, Twidwell SR, Davis JR, Kleinsasser RJ, Linam GW, Mayes KB. 1995. Development of regionally based biological criteria in Texas. In: Biological Assessment and Criteria: Tools for Water Resource Planning and Decision Making (Davis WS, Simon TP, eds). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp 145-152.
20 Harris JH. 1995. The use of fish in ecological assessments. Aust J Ecol 20: 65-80.   DOI
21 Karr JR. 1981. Assessment of biotic integrity using fish communities. Fisheries 6: 21-27.   DOI
22 Karr JR, Fausch KD, Angermeier PL, Yant PR, Schlosser IJ. 1986. Assessing biological integrity in running waters: a method and its rationale. Illinois Natural History Survey, Champaign, IL.
23 Kim IS. 1997. Illustrated Encyclopedia of Fauna and Flora of Korea. Vol. 37, Freshwater Fishes. Ministry of Education, Korea, Seoul.
24 Kim IS, Choi Y, Lee CY, Lee YJ, Kim BJ, Kim JH. 2005. Illustrated Book of Korean Fishes. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Ltd., Seoul.
25 Kim IS, Park JY. 2002. Freshwater Fishes of Korea. Kyo-Hak Publishing Co., Ltd., Seoul.
26 Klemm DJ, Stober QJ, Lazorchak JM. 1993. Fish field and laboratory methods for evaluating the biological integrity of surface waters. Environmental Monitoring Systems Laboratory - Cincinnati Office of Modeling, Monitoring Systems, and Quality Assurance, Office of Research and Development, US Enironmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH. Report No.: EPA 600-R-92-111.
27 Koizumi N, Matsumiya Y. 1997. Assessment of stream fish habitat based on index of biotic integrity. Bull Jpn Soc Fisher Oceanogr 61:144-156.
28 Le Francois NR, Lamarre SG, Blier PU. 2004. Tolerance, growth and haloplasticity of the Atlantic wolffish (Anarhichas lupus) exposed to various salinities. Aquaculture 236: 659-675.   DOI
29 Lee JH, An KG. 2014. Integrative restoration assessment of an urban stream using multiple modeling approaches with physical, chemical, and biological integrity indicators. Ecol Eng 62: 153-167.   DOI
30 Lee WO, Noh SY. 2006. The Freshwater Fish of Korean Peninsula-With Looking Characteristics. Jisung Publishing Co., Ltd., Seoul.
31 Limburg KE, Schmidt RE. 1990. Patterns of fish spawning in Hudson River tributaries: response to an urban gradient? Ecology 71: 1238-1245.   DOI
32 Meador MR, Carlisle DM. 2007. Quantifying tolerance indicator values for common stream fish species of the United States. Ecol Indic 7: 329-338.   DOI
33 Ministry of Environment, Korea. 2006. Researches for integrative assessment methodology of aquatic environments (III): development of aquatic ecosystem health assessment and evaluation system. National Institute of Environmental Research (NIER), Incheon.
34 Oberdorff T, Hughes RM. 1992. Modification of an index of biotic integrity based on fish assemblages to characterize rivers of the Seine Basin, France. Hydrobiologia 228:117-130.   DOI
35 Oberdorff T, Pont D, Hugueny B, Porcher JP. 2002. Development and validation of a fish‐based index for the assessment of 'river health' in France. Freshw Biol 47: 1720-1734.   DOI
36 Paul MJ, Meyer JL. 2001. Streams in the urban landscape. Annu Rev Ecol Syst 32: 333-365.   DOI
37 Sanders RE, Miltner RJ, Yonder CO, Rankin ET. 1999. The use of external deformities, erosion, lesion, and tumors (DELT anomalies) in fish assemblages for characterizing aquatic resources: a case study of seven Ohio streams. In: Assessing the Sustainability and Biological Integrity of Water Resources Using Fish Communities (Simon TP, ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL. pp 225-245.
38 Plafkin JL, Barbour MT, Porter KD, Gross SK, Hughes RM. 1989. Rapid bioassessment protocols for use in streams and rivers: benthic macroinvertebrates and fish. Office of Water, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC; Report No.: EPA/444/4-89-001.
39 Rankin ET, Yoder CO. 1999. Methods for deriving maximum species richness lines and other threshold relationships in biological field data. In: Assessing the Sustainability and Biological Integrity of Water Resources Using Fish Communities (Simon TP, ed.). CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, pp. 611-624.
40 Ricciardi A, Rasmussen JB. 1999. Extinction rates of North American freshwater fauna. Conserv Biol 13: 1220-1222.   DOI
41 Shin EJ, Choi JW, An KG. 2013. Ecological characteristics and chemical gradients in two different loach populations - Misgurnus anguillicaudatus and Koreocobitis rotundicaudata. Korean J Environ Biol 31: 419-428.   DOI
42 Strahler AN. 1957. Quantitative analysis of watershed geomorphology. Eos Trans Am Geophys Un 38: 913-920.   DOI
43 United States Environmental Protection Agency. 1988. WQS draft framework for the water quality standards program. Office of Water, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC; Report No.: Draft 11-8-88.
44 Wilkinson L. 1997. SYSTAT: new statictics, version 7.0, SPSS Inc. Chicago, Illinois, USA.
45 Van Putten M. 1989. Issues in applying water quality criteria. In: Water Quality Standards for the 21st Century (Flock GH, ed). Office of Water, United States Environmental Protection Agency, Washington, DC, pp 175-177.
46 Wang L, Lyons J, Kanehl P. 2001. Impacts of urbanization on stream habitat and fish across multiple spatial scales. Environ Manage 28: 255-266.   DOI
47 Wang L, Lyons J, Rasmussen P, Seelbach P, Simon T, Wiley M, Kanehl P, Baker E, Niemela S, Stewart PM. 2003. Watershed, reach, and riparian influences on stream fish assemblages in the Northern Lakes and Forest Ecoregion, U.S.A. Can J Fish Aquat Sci 60: 491-505.   DOI
48 Lafferty B. 1987. A procedure for evaluating buffer strips for stream temperature protection under the Forest Practices Act. In: Managing Oregon's Riparian Zone for Timber, Fish, and Wildlife. National Council of the Paper Industry for Air and Stream Improvement, New York, NY, pp 70-77.