• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제17권4호
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• pp.23-30
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• 2003

This study investigates the seasonal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of pollutant load, as executing the quality valuation of pollutant load inflowing into Yeong-il Bay from on-land including the Hyeong-san River. Annual total pollutant generating rate from Yeong-il Bay region are 202ton-BOD/day, 620ton-SS/day, 42ton-TN/day, and 16ton-TP/day, respectively. Particularly, the generating ration of the pollutant loads from the Hyeong-san River is greater than that of any other watershed of the Yeong-il Bay, of which BOd is about 78.2％, SS 88.5％, T-N 62.5％, T-P 73.1％, As calculating Tank model with input value of daily precipitation and evaporation of 2001 year in drainage basin of the Hyeong-san River, the estimated result of the annual river discharge effluence from this river is 830106㎥, As a result to estimating annual effluence rate outflowing at the rivers from each drainage basin. annual inflow pollutant rates are 10,633ton-BOD/year, 19,302ton-SS/year, 15,369ton-TN/year, 305ton-TP/year, respectively. The population congestion region of the Pohang-city is a greater source of pollutant loads than the Neang-Chun region with wide drainage area. Therefore, the quantity of TN inflowing into Yeong-il Bay is much more than T-P. The accumulation of pollutant load effluenced from on-land will happen at the inner coast region of Yeon-il Bay. Finally, We would make a prediction that the water quality will take a bad turn.

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제18권4호
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• pp.461-469
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• 2004

This research is to determine the stormwater effects on sewer concentrations by measuring and comparing the flow and pollutant concentrations during dry and rainy periods in the existing BOX type combined sewer pipes. The monitoring was carried out in two sites, which are the Daesachen outfall having PE separation wall in BOX type combined sewer pipes and the Yongunchen outfall not having seperatioin wall. The average flow-weighted BOD concentraion in Yongunchen outfall is 2-fold lower than in Daesachen outfall because of the dilution effect from ravine water. However, the pollutant mass loading is 16 fold higher in Yongunchen outfall than in Daesachen outfall because of more flows. According to the research, the separation wall controls 52% pollutant mass during a storm period (11.5 mm/hr rainfall intensity). Therefore, the Yongunchen combined sewer system (CSS) need separation wall to control and to prevent more pollutant input in stream. In Daesachen area, the maximum sewer flow rate during a storm period measured about 10 fold bigger than average sewer flow during dry periods. Also the concentrations between rainy and dry periods increase approximately 33 fold for BOD and 120 fold for SS. In Yongunchen area, it increases about 9 fold for the maximum flow rate, 18 fold for BOD and 22 fold for SS during a storm. Therefore, the research is concluded that the separation wall between stromwater (or ravine water) and sewage can decrease the dilution effect in CSS and control the pollutant loading.

• Korean Journal of Hydrosciences
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• 제5권
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• pp.99-114
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• 1994

Three purposes of this study are as follows : The first was the development of the extension method for the limited data observed in an urban drainage basin. The second was the analysis of the correlation between storm water runoff and NPS(non-point source) Pollutant discharge. The last was the calculation of the monthly and annual specific NPS loads using the established correlation. The selected model was the SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) developed by the US EPA(Environmental Protection Agency). As a result of this study, the best correlation between storm water runoff and NPS pollutants discharge was produced by the nonlinear correlation between runoff rate(mm/hr) and specific loads rate(kg/ha) for all pollutants studied : SS, COD, BOD, and TN. The best correlation through the analysis based on evently total mass was made by the linear correlation between the by the nonlinear correlation for CASE2. The NPS annual specific loads for the urban basin studed were 4,993 kg/ha/year for SS, 775 kg/ha/year for BOD, 3,094 kg/ha/year for COD, 257 kg/ha/year for TN, respectively. And the proportion of the NPS annual specific loads to the total annual specific loads were 41 % for SS, 13 % for BOD, 29 % for COD, and 21 % for TN.

• 한국농공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국농공학회 1999년도 Proceedings of the 1999 Annual Conference The Korean Society of Agricutural Engineers
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• pp.689-694
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• 1999

This study estimated average yearly watershed pollutant loading by using SWMM(Storm Water Management Model) which is one of the nonpoint source quality models. Two sites were measured discharge and water quality at dry period and wet period. The rainfall data is used from 1989 to 1998 . During a decade, the average year watershed pollutant loading, which is SS, BOD5 , TN, TP, were 2.39E+06kg, 0.92E +05kg, 2.53E+05kg, 2.66E+04kg respectively. During dry period, SS, BOD5 TN, TP loadings were 1.89E+05kg, 1.7E+05kg, 1.04E+05kg, 1.11E+04kg, and during wet period 1.89E+05kg, 1.17E+05kg, 1.04E+05kg, 1.11E+04kg respectively so wet period loading are more than dry day loadings.

• Environmental Engineering Research
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.61-67
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• 2011

The water quality from nonpoint source run off results from different land use types has been studied. The construction of a buffer strip is one method of nonpoint source pollutant control. The Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model has been applied to estimate the pollutant removal through the buffer strip. When the non-business land has been changed into grass to form a buffer-strip, the change of land use effects the results of the model according to measures of the water quality. The data from a water level station within the watershed in the years 2006 and 2007 was used for calibration and validation of the model. Under the rainfall conditions in 2007, the removal rates of SS, BOD, TN, TP were 11.5%, 9.5%, 1.2%, and 4.5%, respectively. During the rainy days, the removal rates at the buffer strip were 92.3% of SS, 91.2% of BOD, 82.4% of TN, and 83.5% of TP. The pollutants from nonpoint sources were effectively removed by over 80% as they passed through the buffer strips. Rainfall resulted in soil erosion, which led to an increase in the SS concentration, therefore, the construction of buffer strips protected the streams from SS inflows. Since TN concentrations are affected by the inflows of ground water and the N concentration of the rainfall, the removal rate of TN was relatively lower than for the other pollutants.

• 한국습지학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.91-97
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• 2009

본 연구는 강우강도에 따른 계분의 농지 환원시 비점유출로 인하여 수계에 미치는 영향을 연구하였다. 실험실 규모의 반응조를 제작하여 강우강도에 따른 표면유출수와 토양침투수에 대해 조사하였다. 표면유출수의 경우 10mm/hr 이하의 강우에서는 일어나지 않았으며, 20mm/hr에서 일부 유출되는 경향을 보였다. 32.4mm/hr시 가장 높은 표면유출을 보였으며 이때, $BOD_5$는 686mg/L, $COD_{Mn}$은 630mg/L의 농도를 나타내었다. 토양침투수의 경우도 32.4mm/hr의 강우시 많은 양의 계분퇴비가 유출되었고, 43.2mm/hr의 강우시에는 유출되는 양이 큰 폭으로 줄어들었다가 강우량이 증가할수록 유출되는 양이 다시 많아졌다. 비점유출량을 산정한 결과 $BOD_5$는 32.4mm/hr의 강우시 가장 높게 나타났고, T-N은 67.1mm/hr의 강우시 가장 높게 나타났다.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.223-230
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• 2004

The QUAL2E and Box-Jenkins time series model were applied to the Miho river, a main tributary of the Geum river, to predict water quality. The models are widely used to predict water quality in rivers and watersheds because of its accuracy. As results of the study, we concluded as follows: Pollutant loadings in upper stream of Miho river were determined to 57,811 kgBOD/d, 19,350 kgTN/d, and 5,013 kgTP/d. The loading of TN in Mushim river was 19,450 kgTN/d, respectively. As the mass loadings were compared with pollutant sources, it concluded that the farming livestock contributed highly to mass emissions of BOD and TP and the population contributed to TN mass loading. The observed water quality values were applied to the models to verify and the models were used to predict the water quality. The QUAL2E Model predicted the concentrations of DO, BOD, TN and TP with high accuracy, but not for E-Coli. The Box-Jenkins time series model also showed high prediction for DO, BOD and TN. However, the concentrations of TP and E-Coli were poorly predicted. The result shows that the QUAL2E model is more applicable in Miho basin for prediction of water quality compared to Box-Jenkins time series model.

• 한국농공학회논문집
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• 제54권4호
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• pp.55-63
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• 2012

This study was performed to investigate the stream water quality characteristics in Hengjeong Bridge Basin of Dongjin River during twelve months from October, 2010 to September, 2011. Also, pollutant loads were calculated on the basis of the water quality and runoff results. The results showed that ranges of water temperature, pH and EC were $6.2{\sim}23.90^{\circ}C$, 6.32~7.78, $84.4{\sim}126.5{\mu}S/cm$ respectively. The Concentration of DO, BOD, COD, SS, Tot-N and Tot-P were observed as 6.80~9.20 mg/L, 0.40~1.60 mg/L, 1.96~4.41 mg/L, 59.60~142.20 mg/L, 1.28~3.52 mg/L, 0.001~0.07 mg/L respectively. Tot-N showed correlativity with BOD, and Tot-P showed correlativity with SS. The runoff pollutant loading of Tot-N and Tot-P were 117.94 kg/ha and 2.06 kg/ha respectively, in Hengjeong bridge of Dongjin river watershed. In the case of the correlativity between runoff pollutant loads and concentrations, Tot-N and Tot-P show low significant relationships.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제31권1호
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• pp.29-34
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• 2015

The aim of this study is to understand the limitation of organic pollutant indexes ($BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$, $COD_{Cr}$) and estimate to set the TOC standard by comparing oxidation rates of $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$, $COD_{Cr}$ and TOC based on the 487 organic compounds and 11 effluents from industrial wastewater containing various and unknown organic compounds. The range of ratio of theoretical oxygen demand (ThOD) to theoretical organic carbon (TOCt) was 0.00~5.33 and average ratio of classes of organic compounds was 2.68~3.70. According to classes of organic compounds, the average ratio of $O_2/C$ was 1.2 (range : 1.02~1.39). The order of oxidation rate for 15 organic compounds was TOC (90.7%) > $COD_{Cr}$ (88.8%) > $BOD_5$ (54.4%) > $COD_{Mn}$ (30.8%) indicating the lower oxidation rate of $BOD_5$ and COD compared with TOC. The ranking for average oxidation rate was $COD_{Cr}$ > $COD_{Mn}$ > $BOD_5$ indicating that $BOD_5$, $COD_{Mn}$ could be underestimated comparing with ThOD of organic compounds in case of industrial wastewater containing high concentration of refractory organic compounds. Most of the relationships between organic pollutant indexes and TOC were higher than 0.9. The ratio of TOC to organic compound indexes decreased in the order : $COD_{Cr}$ (3.4) > $COD_{Mn}$ > (1.9) > $BOD_5$ (0.7).

• 상하수도학회지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.225-233
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• 2007

Road runoff water is one of the non-point sources (NPSs) of pollution negatively influencing drinking water source. Numerous road runoff NPS waters have been studied for over the last decade. However, the sources of pollution can be conditional, seasonal, or accidental. Therefore, measurement of pollutant loadings in different site is necessary to estimate the effect of road runoff water. The objective of this study was to examine the quality of road runoff water from a city bridge in Seoul, Korea. This study was conducted for two years to assess annual discharge pollution loads. In this study, key water quality parameters including chemical oxygen demand ($COD_{Cr}$), biochemcial oxygen demand ($BOD_5$), total nitrogen (T-N), total phosphorus (T-P), and suspended solid (SS) were measured at 18 different events. The results showed that typically the pollutant concentrations are higher at the beginning of each event and decrease afterwards. The first 20% of the volume of the runoff from each event is transporting 46% ($COD_{Cr}$), 48% ($BOD_5$), 50% (T-N), 34% (T-P), 30% (SS), respectively. The event mean concentrations (EMCs) were $COD_{Cr}$ (199 mg/L), $BOD_5$ (41.2 mg/L), T-N (7.97 mg/L), T-P (0.42 mg/L) and SS (113 mg/L). Although the results were consistent with the previous study (Barbosa and Hvitved-Jacobsen, 1999), $COD_{Cr}$, $BOD_5$, T-N exhibit a stronger first flush effect compared to the other contaminants.