• 생약학회지
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• 제40권3호
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• pp.184-189
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• 2009

A simple and reliable reverse phase HPLC method of Coptidis Rhizoma and Salviae Miltiorrhizae Radix were developed to determine pharmacologically active marker compounds. The water-extract of two natural medicines were evaluated by the HPLC methods. The stability test for two extract were examined for five months. However, no significant change in the content of the marker compounds of each extract observed during the time of investigation.

• Food Science and Biotechnology
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• 제18권3호
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• pp.689-693
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• 2009

Germination is well-known to enhance the digestibility, functionality, and palatability of plant seeds. To examine the functionality of germinated-safflower seed (GSS), proliferative and differentiative effects of GSS extract on the mouse calvarial bone cells were determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolinbromide (MTT) assay and alkaline phosphatase activity, respectively. Water extract of GSS increased dose-dependently proliferative and differentiative effects on calvarial bone cell, and its effects were stronger than those of ungerminated-safflower seeds (UGSS) extract. One major component was isolated from GSS extract by a series of purification procedure of solvent fractionation, Diaion HP-20, and Sephadex LH-20 column chromatographies. Its chemical structure was identified as trachelogenin (TC) by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and mass spectrometry (MS) spectral analysis. Trachelogenin showed significant proliferative (125.7%) and differentiative (132.1%) effects on calvarial bone cells at $10^{-8}M$, and its effects were significantly higher than those of $17{\beta}-estradiol\;(E_2)$. TC was found to be a major active compound responsible for high proliferative and differentative effects of the water extract of GSS. Therefore, these results suggest that TC in GSS may be useful as potential therapeutic agent for the prevention and treatment of bone loss.

• 대한한방내과학회지
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.80-98
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• 1994

According to the original documents, Sagungsan is considered as an effective drug for controlling the hypertensive epistaxis induced by tension of autonomic nerve and it's hyperfunction. The present experiment was designed to understand the effect of Sagungsan extract on the hemostatic action, intracranial pressure, blood pressure and cardiovascular system in experimental animals. And thus the bleeding time, prothrombin time, capillary dilation, blood pressure, Intracranial pressure, and enzymatic analysis of the ATPase activities were studied. The result obtained here were as followings: 1. Sagungsan water extract reduced the bleeding time in mouse, and prolonged the prothrombin time in rabbits. 2. The drug extract increased the tail volume by capillary dilation in rats. 3. The drug extract inhibited the increase of intracranial pressure and arterial blood pressure in rabbits. 4. At the early time, the increase of arterial blood pressure by the drug extract significantly inhibited by pretreated atropin and regitine in rabbits. 5. The drug extract relaxed the smooth muscle by stimulating the Mg2+-Ca2+-ATPase activities of gastric sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from rabbit stomach. 6. The drug extract stimulated the heart contraction by inhibiting the $Mg^{2+}-Ca^{2+}-ATPase$ activities of cardiac sarcoplasmic reticulum isolated from rabbit heart. The inhibitory mechanism was reversible and noncompatitive. 7. The drug extract increased the hepatic blood volume by stimulating the hepatic total ATPase activities and hepatic metabolism. 8. The drug extract acted as a tranquilizer by inhibiting the neural Na+-K+-ATPase activity. According to the results, Sagungsan water extract dilated the capillaries, stimulated the heart beat, and thus increased the blood flow with decreasing the intracranial pressure and blood pressure. These effects stanches the epistaxis collectively.

• 생약학회지
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• 제48권3호
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• pp.248-254
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• 2017

A simple and reliable reverse phase HPLC method was developed to determine pharmacologically active marker compounds of Astragali Radix, Paeoniae Radix, and Corni Fructus. The stability test of water-extract from three natural medicines were examined for six months. However, no significant changes in the content of the marker compounds of each extract were observed during the investigation.

• 대한본초학회지
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• 제25권4호
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• pp.85-93
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• 2010

Objectives : This study aimed at evaluation of the effects of Gastrodiae Rhizoma on brain edema and aquaporin water channel expressions in the brain. Methods : Brain edema following intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) was induced by the stereotaxic intrastriatal injection of bacterial collagenase type VII in Sprague-Dawley rats. Then ethanol extract of Gastrodiae rhizoma was treated once a day for 3 days. Brain edema % and water contents, and cell size of neurons in the cerebral cortex were examined. Immuno-histochemistry was processed for AQP4, AQP1, and AQP9 expressions in the brain sections and area % of immuno-labeling was analyzed with image analysis. Results : 1. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced brain edema of ICH induced rats significantly. 2. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced excessive brain tissue water contents of ICH induced rats significantly. 3. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced cellular edema of neurons in cerebral cortex of ICH induced rats significantly. 4. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP4 immuno-positive area % in cerebral cortex and external capsule of ICH induced rat brain significantly. 5. Ethanol extract of Gastrodiae Rhizoma reduced AQP9 immuno-positive area % in glia limitans externa of ICH induced rat brain significantly. Conclusions : These results suggest that Gastrodiae Rhizoma reveals protective effects against brain edema and cytotoxic edema of neurons by means of down-regulation of AQP4 expression in the brain.

• Mycobiology
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• 제38권4호
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• pp.295-301
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• 2010

We evaluated the antioxidant activity and tyrosinase inhibitory effects of Pleurotus ostreatus fruiting bodies extracted with acetone, methanol, and hot water. The antioxidant activities were tested against $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid, reducing power, 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical scavenging activity, and ferrous chelating ability. Furthermore, phenolic acid and flavonoid contents were also analyzed. The methanol extract showed the strongest $\beta$-carotene-linoleic acid inhibition as compared to the other exracts. The acetone extract (8 mg/mL) showed a significantly high reducing power of 1.54 than the other extracts. The acetone extract was more effective than other extracts for scavenging on 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl radicals. The strongest chelating effect (85.66%) was obtained from the acetone extract at 1.0 mg/mL. The antioxidant activities of the extracts from the P. ostreatus fruiting bodies increased with increasing concentration. A high performance liquid chromatography analysis detected seven phenolic compounds, including gallic acid, protocatechuic acid, chlorogenic acid, naringenin, hesperetin, formononetin, and biochanin-A in an acetonitrile and 0.1 N hydrochloric acid (5 : 1) solvent extract. The total phenolic compound concentration was $188{\mu}g$/g. Tyrosinase inhibition of the acetone, methanol, and hot water P. ostreatus extracts increased with increasing concentration. The results revealed that the methanol extract had good tyrosinase inhibitory ability, whereas the acetone and hot water extracts showed moderate activity at the concentrations tested. The results suggested that P. ostreatus may have potential as a natural antioxidant.

• 동의생리병리학회지
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• 제31권3호
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• pp.188-193
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• 2017

This study investigated the antioxidant activities of distilled water, ethanol and methanol extracts of Plunus mume flower buds (PFB). The various solvent extracts of PFB were evaluated for their total polyphenol, flavonoid, reducing power and free radical scavenging activities by FRAP and DPPH analysis. The ethanol extract of PFB contained significantly higher amounts of total polyphenols (145 mg GAE/g) and flavonoids (25.43 mg QE/g) than methanol (132 and 25.42) and distilled water (113.6 and 18.04). Among solvent extracts of PFB, the ethanol extract showed the highest antioxidant activities. The 100% ethanol extract of PFB contained significantly higher amounts of total polyphenols and flavonoids than 70% and 50% ethanol extracts. Moreover, the 100% ethanol extract of PFB showed high efficacy in DPPH radical scavenging activity and in collagenase inhibition activity. This results suggest that 100% ethanol extract of PFB has the most effective antioxidant capacity compared to the methanol and water extracts tested in the present study. Thus, it can be applied for the effective extraction of functional material from PFB for usage of cosmeceutical and/or food industries.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제43권7호
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• pp.972-979
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• 2014

한방에서 건조된 뿌리를 '우슬'이라는 약재로 이용되는 쇠무릎의 잎과 줄기를 물과 에탄올을 용매로 추출하여 유용성분과 항산화 활성을 측정하였다. 폴리페놀과 플라보노이드 화합물의 총 함량을 측정한 결과 쇠무릎 잎의 물 추출물인 LWE에서 각각 58.27 mg/g과 42.22 mg/g으로 가장 많은 함량을 나타내었고, 단백질 함량에서도 LWE에서 16.42 mg/g으로 가장 많이 함유된 것으로 분석되었다. 환원당 함량은 줄기의 에탄올 추출물인 SEE에서 11.35 mg/g으로 가장 많았으며 전자공여능은 1.0 mg/mL의 농도에서 SEE가 93.41%로 가장 우수한 전자공여 효과를 보였다. SOD 유사활성능은 1.0 mg/mL의 농도에서 모든 추출물이 10% 미만의 낮은 활성을 나타내었다. 아질산염 소거능은 pH 1.2의 조건의 1.0 mg/mL의 농도에서 LWE가 94.90%의 가장 높은 아질산염 소거능을 나타내었으며, pH 3.0에서도 LWE가 45.20%로 가장 높은 소거 활성을 나타내었다. LWE는 1.0 mg/mL 66.67%로 가장 높은 XO 저해 효과를 나타내었으며, LEE와 SWE도 각각 31.17%와 32.06%의 XO 저해율을 나타내었다. 이상의 결과 쇠무릎 잎은 다량의 폴리페놀 및 플라보노이드 화합물을 함유하였으며 전자공여능과 SOD 유사활성능, 아질산염 소거 효과도 줄기보다 우수하며 식용 및 약용식물로 이용되는 여러 식물보다 우수하여 쇠무릎 잎을 식용뿐만 아니라 기능성 식품의 첨가제나 천연 항산화제로서 활용될 수 있을 것이라 판단된다.

• 한국자원식물학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.355-362
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• 2016

혈중 LDL 콜레스테롤 농도는 이상 lipoprotein metabolism의 유효한 지표로 간주되고 있으며, 관상동맥질환 및 동맥경화증의 위해성과 직접 연관이 있는 것으로 알려져 있다(Goldstein and Brown, 1983; Venter et al., 1990). 또한 HDL 콜레스테롤은 말초조직에서 간으로의 콜레스테롤의 이동에서 중요한 역할을 하며, 유리형 콜레스테롤의 에스테르화를 촉매하는 효소인 lecithin:cholesterol acetyltransferase (LCAT)를 활성화하여 세포 안으로 콜레스테롤의 유입을 억제함으로써 동맥경화를 막는 역할을 한다(Steinberg and Witztum, 1990). 본 연구 결과 석창포 열수 추출물은 혈중 triglyceride 수준을 유의하게 낮추는 효과가 입증되었다. 또한 석창포 열수 추출물은 혈중 total cholesterol과 HDL-cholesterol 수준을 WKAG-M, WKAG-H군에서 유의하게 감소 시켰으며 LDL-cholesterol 수준은 석창포 열수 추출물 투여에 의해 유의적으로 증가되었다. 또한 이러한 결과로부터 석창포 열수 추출물은 혈중 지질 조절에 의해 동맥 경화 지수를 감소시킬 수 있으며 심장 위험 지수 또한 감소시킬 수 있음을 알 수 있었다. 추후 석창포 열수 추출물 분획 중의 각 성분들이 혈중 지질 성상에 미치는 효과를 규명하는 연구를 수행하여 유효성분에 대한 연구를 계속할 예정이다.

• 생약학회지
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.362-367
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• 2013

Ojeok-san has been commonly used to treat low back pain disease. We performed the experiments on simultaneous analysis of 11 compounds and antioxidant effects of Ojeok-san. A HPLC method was established for simultaneous analysis of 11 compounds. The detection wavelengths were set at 230, 254, 280, 320, and 330 nm. The detected 11 compounds from Ojeok-san water extract showed good linearity($r^2{\geq}0.9997$). Limit of detection(LOD) and limit of quantification(LOQ) were 0.04-0.87 ${\mu}g/mL$ and 0.13-2.63 ${\mu}g/mL$, respectively. The antioxidant effects of Ojeok-san water extract were investigated by DPPH and ABTS assays. Ojeok-san water extract significantly increased the DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging effects in a dose-dependent manner. The $RC_{50}$ value of Ojeok-san on DPPH radical was 284.71 ${\mu}g/mL$ and that of ABTS radical was 96.16 ${\mu}g/mL$.