• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2017.05a
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• pp.666-669
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• 2017

We analyze the problems of the current system, develop and apply the revenue water ratio integration management system for problem solving, and present the analysis of the effect. It will contribute to the improvement of the revenue water ratio through systematic and efficient revenue water ratio management and reduction of the workload of the person in charge through the oil revenue water ratio integration system. It will contribute to the improvement of the revenue water ratio through systematic and efficient revenue water ratio management and reduction of the workload of the person in charge through the revenue water ratio integration system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2012.08a
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• pp.388-388
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• 2012

친수성 기판과 소수성 그래핀(graphene) 계면에서의 물의 확산 현상은 호기심을 자극할 뿐만 아니라 그래핀 소자의 특성을 좌우하는 전하도핑(charge doping) 현상을 이해하는데 중요한 모델이 된다. 본 연구에서는 라만 분광법을 이용하여 그래핀/$SiO_2$ 계면에서의 물의 확산 현상을 탐구하였다. 열처리된 그래핀은 기판과의 상호작용에 의해 높은 밀도의 정공(electron hole)으로 도핑되어 있기 때문에, 물이 계면을 통해 확산하게 되면 정공의 밀도를 감소시킬 수 있게 된다. 본 실험에서는 이차원 라만 분광법을 통해 물 속에 담겨진 그래핀의 정공 밀도의 공간적인 분포를 확산 시간에 따라 조사하였다. 물의 확산은 시료에 따라 수 시간에서 수 일의 시간대에 걸쳐 그래핀 가장자리에서 중앙으로 이루어진다는 사실을 확인하였다. 또한 물의 계면확산으로 인해서 전하 밀도가 감소한다는 사실은 열처리된 그래핀의 정공 도핑을 유발하는 산소가 그래핀/$SiO_2$ 계면에 존재한다는 것을 증명한다.

• Journal of Korean Society of Water and Wastewater
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.573-579
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• 2004

Electroflotation, which is used as an alternative to sedimentation, is a separation treatment process that uses small bubbles to remove low-density particulates. Making allowances for recent collision efficiency diagram based on trajectory analysis, it is necessary to tailor zeta potential of bubbles that collide with negatively charged particles. In this paper, the study was performed to investigate the effects of magnesium and aluminium ions on zeta potential of bubbles. And, it was studied to find out factors which could affect the positively charged bubbles. Consequently, zeta potential of bubbles increased both with higher concentration of metal ions and in the acidic pH value. And, a probable principle that explained the procedure of charge reversal could be a combined mechanism with both specific adsorption of hydroxylated species and laying down of hydroxide precipitate. It also depended on the metal ion concentration in the solution to display its capacity to control the bubble surface.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2016.02a
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• pp.402.2-402.2
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• 2016

In photoelectrochemical (PEC) water splitting, Cu2ZnSnS4 (CZTS) compound has attracted intense attention as a photocathode due to not only large optical absorption coefficient, but also earth-abundance of constituent elements and suitable band alignment. With rapid development of nanotechnology, one-dimensional nanostructures of CZTS have been investigated as a potential form to achieve high efficiency because the nanostructures are expected to be capable of capturing more light and enhancing charge separation and transport. Here, we report a well-controlled fabrication route for vertically-aligned CZTS nanorod arrays on anodic aluminium oxide (AAO) template via simple sol-gel process followed by deposition of ZnS or CdS buffer layers on the CZTS nanorod to enhance charge separation. The structure, morphology, composition, optical absorption, and PEC properties of the resulting CZTS nanorod samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectrometry, scanning electron microscopy, and UV-vis spectroscopy.

• Korean Journal of Air-Conditioning and Refrigeration Engineering
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• v.15 no.6
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• pp.461-470
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• 2003

The purpose of this study is to investigate the performance of a transcritical cycle for hot water heating using $CO_2$ as a working fluid. Some of the main parameters that affect the practical performance of the $CO_2$ system are discussed; the performance on the variation of refrigerant charge, changes in flow conditions of secondary fluids, and that with or without internal heat exchanger, The experimental results show that the optimum charge is approximately the same for various mass flow rates of the secondary fluid at gas cooler. The experimental results on the effect of secondary fluids are in general agreement with the experimental results of transcritical cycle in the open literature and show similar trend for conventional subcritical vapor compression cycles. The heat exchanger effectiveness increases with an increase of the heat exchange area of the internal heat exchanger regardless of the mass flow rate at the gas cooler.

• Journal of Korean Society on Water Environment
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.176-183
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• 2013

The variation of the stable region of arsenic compounds in aqueous environment with temperature has been investigated by constructing the Pourbaix diagram of arsenic at different temperatures. The standard potential corresponding to the boundary between arsenic compounds with different charge valence was estimated to be decreased with temperature, which means the stability of arsenic compound with +5 charge valence increases. The distribution diagram of the most highly oxidized arsenic compound showed that arsenic acid is formed at higher pH and arsenate is generated at lower pH as temperature rises. The aquatic toxicity due to arsenic compounds was considered to be decreased with temperature in the neutral pH condition based on the $LD_T$ value defined in this study.

• Journal of Korea Technical Association of The Pulp and Paper Industry
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.1-6
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• 2001

Today's paper industry tries to use greater amount of high yield pulp and recycled fiber and to close mill water system, which results in higher fines content and buildup of organic and inorganic contaminants in white water system. Researches are being focused to develop chemical additives that provide good retention and drainage in a closed papermaking system. A microparticle retention system consisted of cationic guar gum and anionic colloidal silica so has been developed to meet the requirements for improving machine speed and product quality. The objective of this investigation was to determine the effects of the degree of cationic guar gums, charge density and structure of anionic colloidal silica sols, and the degree of system closure on the performances of this microparticle retention system. Cationic guar gums and anionic colloidal silica sols with higher charge densities showed better retention performance. Particularly, wider maximum in retention was obtained when structure colloidal silica was used suggesting as mechanism of microparticle bridging is functioning in this system.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.430-430
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• 2011

Graphene, one single atomic layer of graphite, has attracted extensive attention in various research fields since its first isolation from graphite. Application in the future electronics requires better understanding and manipulation of electronic properties of graphene supported on various solid substrates. Here, we present a study on charge doping and morphology of graphene prepared on atomically flat and highly polar mica substrates. Ultra-flat single-layer graphene was prepared by micro-exfoliation of graphite followed by deposition on cleaved mica substrates. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) revealed presence of ultra-thin water films formed in a layer-by-layer manner between graphene and mica substrates. Raman spectroscopy showed that a few angstrom-thick water films efficiently block electron transfer from graphene to mica. Hole doping in graphene caused by underlying mica substrates was also visualized by scanning Kelvin probe microscopy (SKPM).

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.26 no.7
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• pp.1083-1089
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• 2005

Most experimental studies available in the literature on filtration are based on observed average zeta potential of particles (usually 10 measurements). However, analyses of data using the average zeta potential alone can lead to misleading and erroneous conclusions about the attachment behavior because of the variation of particle zeta potentials and the heterogeneous distribution of the collector surface charge. To study characteristics of zeta potential, zeta potential distributions (ZPDs) of silica particles under 9 different chemical conditions were investigated. Contrary to many researchers’ assumptions, most of the ZPDs of silica particles were broad. The solids concentration removal was better near the isoelectric point (IEP) as many researchers have noticed, thus proper destabilization of particles is very important to achieve better particle removal in particle separation processes. While, the mean zeta potential of silica particles at a given coagulant dose was a function of particle concentration; the amount of needed coagulant for particle destabilization was proportional to the total surface charge area of particles in the suspension.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1998.06a
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• pp.169-172
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• 1998

We have investigates a surface pressure, a displacement current and a charge measurement by distance of between electrode 1 and water surface of organic monolayers. And the displacement current was generated during compression of Arachidic acid mono1ayers at a air-water interface. The result from our work show that the displacement current of a Langmuir(L) film for Arachidic acid monolayers has the different maximum points according to the electrode distance. We are known that the displacement current and a charge was generated in inverse proportion to electrode distance d.