• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.28 no.2
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• pp.108-118
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• 2010

Soongeui complex stadium is a reinforced concrete frame structure composed of columns, slabs and beams. The stadium, however, is also a special structure because it has a tall tower of electronic display board and slabs inside its own structure which is different from the structures that had been demolished using blasting by then. Explosive demolition for the stadium was carried out from the left-hand side of the outfield stand to the right considering 2 rows of columns supporting the stand as a blasting unit. An overturning demolition method was applied to the tower of electronic display board. Water bags that played the role of multipurpose protection were applied to control the dust. As a result, the demolition project of the special structure of Soongeui complex stadium was judged to be a great success.

• Journal of Food Hygiene and Safety
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• v.3 no.4
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• pp.217-223
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• 1988

For the Effective utilization of the fish resources in coastal regions, investigations on preparation of powdered dried arkshell instant soup., quality stability of the products during storage and utilization as a food material were carried out with arkshell, Anadara broughtonii. Three kinds of powdered instant soup were prespared as 0% table salt(A), 5% table salt (B), 15% table salt(C) and packed with vacuum in laminated film bag. (polyester/nylon: 85${mu}ell$/15${mu}ell$, 18$\times$27cm) Their processing conditions and quality stability during storage at room temperature for 90 days were examined. Powdered instant soup was made by washing raw arkshell to remove visceral, clay, sand and blood, hot air drying(60$\pm$1$^{\circ}C$, 20 hrs) after draining and pulverizing dried arkshell to 35 mesh. Powdered instant soup was made by adding 2% sugar 0% table salt (5% and 15% table salt), 10.5% monosodium glutamate, 0.3% black pepper and 0.3% garlic powder to the pulverized dried arkshell. The condition of moisture and water activity of the products were 5.9-6.9% and 0.42-0.43, respectively. The moisture content s , water activity and pH of the products were showed little change and volatile basic nitrogen of them increased slightly during storage. Thiobarbituric acid value increased up to 60 days of storage and then decreased slightly. In solubility, powdered instant soup were showed no remarkable difference comparing with goods on the market. The color value of th products were showed little change during storage, In sensory evaluation, product B were scored slightly higher, in most cased, in flaver, color. taste and overall acceptability comparing with product A or product C during storage. Judiging form the sensory evaluation, powdered instant soup of 5% table salt (B) were the most desirable, and the quality of the products was stable for 90 days at 20$\pm$3$^{\circ}C$.

• The Korean Journal of Food And Nutrition
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.100-109
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• 2024

This study examined the quality characteristics and antioxidant properties of sword bean tea available in domestic markets. Each product of sword bean tea had distinct appearance characteristics. The color, pH, brownness, and turbidity of the tea varied significantly across different products, with tea bags showing higher levels of brownness and turbidity. The total polyphenol content of hot water extraction ranged from 165.13 to 517.69 mg gallic acid equivalents (GAE)/100 g sample for pod tea, 999.36 to 2,054.74 mg GAE/100 g sample for tea bag tea, and 74.62 to 275.00 mg GAE/100 g sample for grain tea, respectively. Similarly, the total flavonoid content, measured in terms of catechin equivalents (CE), ranged from 39.51 to 65.00 mg CE/100 g sample for pod tea, 86.57 to 253.63 mg CE/100 g sample for tea bag tea, and 32.94 to 38.63 mg CE/100 g sample for grain tea, for hot water extraction. The DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging activities of pod tea were 95.68 to 276.19 mg TE/100 g sample and 270.87 to 804.21 mg trolox equivalents/100 g sample, respectively, for hot water extraction. These results suggest the need to establish quality standards to ensure consistent quality of sword bean tea.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.37 no.2
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• pp.78-84
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• 2001

Escape behaviour of the anchovy (Engralius japonica, total length 4-7cm) at the inside wing net and bag net in the anchovy boat seine was observed by underwater video camera in order to clarify the relationship between visual stimulus of the gear or relative water flow inside gear and reacting behaviour. The vertical attenuation coefficient of underwater illuminance in the offshore of Keoje island and Tongyoung was ranged from 0.24 to 1.03 and it could be affect visual range and visual contrast of the fishing gear. The relative water flow at the joint part between inside wing and bagnet while towing was 1.5 times higher than at the middle part of inside wing or fore part of bag net, but it was estimated under than maximum swimming speed of 4-7 cm anchovy. The mean escaping number of anchovy from end part of inside wing of 30 cm mesh to out side for a minute within visual range of video camera was 455 and anchovy swimming forward from bag net through flapper was 308. These results revealed anchovy could escape as voluntary response in spite of higher visual stimulus or higher water flow.

• Korean Journal of Soil Science and Fertilizer
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• v.49 no.5
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• pp.503-509
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• 2016

To identify causes for drastic decrease in yield of tomato with repeated culturing number of the bag culture substrate of greenhouse tomatoes we investigated the physical and chemical properties of a coir used as the bag culture substrate to grow tomato at the Booyeo tomato experimental institute located in Booyeo, Chungnam Province for three years from 2012 to 2014. The results showed that total porosity ranged from 65.4 to 73.1% for the bulk densities of coir ranging from 0.12 to $0.14g\;cm^{-3}$. The volumetric water contents measured at 0.01 bar as air entry point were 25% (before), 33% ($1^{st}yr$), 45% ($2^{nd}yr$), and 37% ($3^{rd}yr$). Organic matter contents ranged from 82.0 to 96.2% (highest in $1^{st}yr$). pH and EC ranged from 4.47 to 6.47 (highest in $2^{nd}yr$), and from 22.2 to $53.5dS\;m^{-1}$ (highest in $1^{st}yr$) and cation exchange capacity ranged from 71.0 to $191.7cmol\;kg^{-1}$ (highest in $3^{rd}yr$). The surface structure observed with electrical microscope showed that the number of large pores decreased with increasing cultivating time while the proportion of smaller pores increased, indicating that the coir was consistently decomposed. Therefore, we could conclude that these changes of all physical and chemical properties of the coir may influence the holding capacities of water and nutrients, resulting in deterioration of quality of culture substrate of greenhouse tomatoes.

• Archives of Plastic Surgery
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.676-679
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• 2006

Purpose: Breast volume is one of the crucial measurements in preoperative planning and postoperative evaluation of the results in mammoplasty. There are several methods suggested by different authors, but there is still no commonly accepted standard methods for measuring breast volume. To help the surgeons to base their estimation on an objective evaluation, we developed a simple method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding. Methods: After Polyethylene bags were put in suitable size on both breasts of the patient in upright position, silk plaster was molded on the surface evenly. Then molds can be obtained after marking boundaries of breasts with a pen. Breast volume measurement can be done by filling water in the molds and measuring it. Moreover, postoperative design for natural skin brassier was possible using the molds. Results: This method was applied to 2 patients for reduction mammoplasty and the breast volume measurement was simple, hygienic and accurate, done within 10 minutes. Conclusion: This method using Polyethylene bag and plaster molding has several advantages. 1. It is comparatively accurate regardless of the size and shape of patient's breasts in upright position. 2. Measurement time is short and inconvenience and shame of patients can be reduced by making molds after putting on Polyethylene bags. 3. It is relatively economical and uses easily available hygienic materials. 4. The postoperative shape and volume of breasts can be predicted by using molds preoperatively.

• Journal of Bio-Environment Control
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• v.15 no.3
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• pp.231-238
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• 2006

The physical properties of seven perlites different in particle size distribution were investigated to develop perlite bag culture in Korea. Particle sizes of 1.0-2.8mm and larger than 2.8 mm were rather evenly distributed in S-1 (1.2-5 mm), S-2 (0.15-5 mm) and S-5 (parat No.1). Larger particles were less in S-3 (1-3 mm), S-4 (Parat No.2), S-6 (OTAVI) and S-7 (Agroperl B-3). S-4, S-6 and S-7 contained lots of particles less than 1 mm in size. Total porosity was similar among substrates with the value of $59{\sim}62%$. Container capacity was between 35-40% regardless of substrates except in S-2 with 27.7%. Water content, which was about 60% at 0 kPa, was decreased sharply at 4.90 kPa regardless of substrates, which meant the easily available water was plenty in any kind of perlite tested. Substrates, S-1, S-2 and S-3 with different particle size distribution, were investigated to evaluate for perlite bag culture. Six tomatoes (Licopersicon esculentum Mill. cv. Rokkusanmaru) were planted in a perlite bag of 40 liters with the dimension of 120cm in length and 34cm in width. The amount of nutrient solution supplied and its drainage dependent on daily integrated radiation didn't show any regular trend during the growth. Roots in the bag were distributed evenly in S-1 and S-2 than in S-3. Plant grown in S-1 showed the highest total and marketable yield of 8,628 and 7,759 kg/10a, respectively. The number of small size fruits and malformed fruits were more in S-3. Consequently, S-1 with the particle size distribution of 1.2-5 mm is suggested as desirable substrate for perlite bag culture.

• Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering:BBE
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.31-37
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• 2002

This paper was investigated to clarify the possibility of a biodegradation of materials adsorbed on different porous granular-activated carbons (GACs) such as coal-& coconut-based GAC. Total organic carbon, humic substance and ammonia were used to compare their removal efficiencies. The objective of this study is to determine the adsorption capacity of bioregenerated GAC. When raw water reacted with chloride, the yield of THMs increased as a function of the input amount of chloride. The formation of trihalomethanes (THMs) was investigated in water treated with chlorine when humic acid was used as THM precursor. As the input amount of chloride in raw water increased by two or five-fold to remove the $NH_3$, the chloroform of the THMs significantly increased also five or ten-fold. It was found that the chloroform was significantly removed by the treatment of biological activated carbon (BAG) in comparison with the ozone treatment, and the removal efficiency of THMs in coal-typed GAC was $10-30\%$ better than coconut-typed GAC due to the biological degradation on the surface of the activated carbons.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.437-449
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• 2003

A multi-functional indoor smog chamber was designed and evaluated to investigate photochemical or water vapor reaction mechanisms of air pollutants. Various smog chamber experiments could be conducted using ambient air or purified air in this smog chamber. The smog chamber consisted of a housing, a Teflon bag, blacklights, injection ports, sampling ports, and utility facilities. The characteristics of light source, the wall losses of air pollutants, and the quality of purified air were experimentally investigated. The maximum NO$_2$ photolysis rate was 1.10 min$^{-1}$ . In a 2.5-m$^3$ Teflon bag, the wall losses of ambient $O_3$, NO, and NO$_2$ were 1.2~2.4$\times$10$^{-3}$ min$^{-1}$ , 0.7~2.0$\times$10$^{-3}$ min$^{-1}$ , and 0.4~2.0$\times$10$^{-3}$ min$^{-1}$ , respectively. The wall loss of ambient particles ranging 0.05 to 0.2 ${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$ was 1.8~5.4$\times$10$^{-3}$ min$^{-1}$ , which was slightly higher than those of ambient gaseous species. The purified air supply system provided high quality of air with NO$_{x}$ < 1 ppb, and total hydrocarbons < 5 ppb.b.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.36-41
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• 1986

Uederwater ambient noise was measured at the set net in the Neung-Po Eay. The environment characteristics depend upon oceanographic conditions of sound propagation and its implication on the source of ambient noise. The results of measurement and analysis were as follows: 1. The frequency of the maximum noise level of two passenger. vessels was around 300 Hz. The spectrum level of the fast vessel (the Air-Ferry) was lower than the little slow vessel (the Olympic) between 50-150 Hz in frequences. 2. The spectrum level of the surface in the playground of the set net was lower than the deeper water till 500 Hz, but over that frequency the level was getting lower as the depth was deep. 3. The spectrum level outside the bag of the set net was greater than the inside between 50 and 700 Hz, but over 1,500 Hz the level inside the bag was higher than the outside. 4. The spectrum level of the outside of the breeding tank was higher than the inside in the daytime. However at night opposite phenomenon occurs.