• 제목/요약/키워드: Waste products

검색결과 991건 처리시간 0.023초

울산지역 공단에서 발생되는 비산재를 이용한 제올라이트 합성 (Synthesis of Zeolite Using Discharged Fly Ash in an Industrial Complex in Ulsan)

  • 이창한;박종원
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제33권5호
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    • pp.301-306
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    • 2011

  • 본 연구에서는 울산지역의 화력발전소 및 소각로에서 발생하는 비산재, 석탄계 비산재와 폐촉매를 이용하여 수열합성, 용융합성, 용융/수열합성법에 의해 제올라이트를 합성하였다. 석탄계 비산재(F-C1와 F-C2)와 폐촉매(F-W5)는 $SiO_2$와 $Al_2O_3$의 함량이 60.29~89.62 wt%이며, F-C1과 F-C2는 XRD 패턴 분석에서 quartz와 mullite를 포함하고 있었다. 석탄계 비산재와 폐촉매를 이용한 제올라이트 합성은 3가지 합성방법에서 모두 가능하였다. 석탄계 비산재와 폐촉매는 용융합성법에 의해 주로 Na-A형 제올라이트(Z-C1, Z-C2와 Z-W5)로 합성되었으며, 합성된 제올라이트(Z-C1 and Z-C2)는 비산재의 CaO 성분과 합성과정에서 첨가된 Na2CO3에 의해 불순물인 calcite 피크를 형성하였다.

  • https://doi.org/10.4491/KSEE.2011.33.5.301 인용 PDF KSCI

폐윤활유와 Polystyrene 혼합물의 비등온 열분해반응 특성 (Non-isothermal Pyrolysis Characteristics of the Mixture of Waste Automobile Lubricating Oil and Polystyrene)

  • 김승수;전병희;박찬진;김성현
    • 대한환경공학회지
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    • 제22권6호
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    • pp.1063-1072
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    • 2000

  • 본 연구에서는 열중량 분석법을 이용하여 희분식 반응기에서 승온속도를 0.5, 1.0 및 $2.0^{\circ}C/min$로 변화시키면서 폐용활유와 polystyrene 혼합물의 열분해반응 속도실험을 수행하였다. 미분법을 이용하여 폐윤활유/polystyrene 혼합물의 열분해 전환율이 1%에서부터 100%일때까지의 활성화에너지 및 반응차수를 구하였다. 폐윤활유와 polystyrene을 혼합하여 열분해할 경우 각각을 열분해할 때보다 낮은 온도에서 열분해반응이 진행되었으며 열중량 변화곡선의 기울기변화는 크게 두 부분으로 구분되었다. 폐윤활유/polystyrene 혼합물의 열분해 생성 오일의 탄소수를 분석했을 때 styrene 단량체와 이량체에 해당하는 탄화수소화합물의 선택성이 매우 높게 나타났다.

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난지도 매립지 및 그 주변의 지질환경 연구: 중력 및 자력탐사 (Studies on the Geological Environment of the Nanjido Waste Disposal Site: Gravity and Magnetic Investigations)

  • 권병두;김차섭;정호준;오석훈
    • 자원환경지질
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    • 제28권5호
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    • pp.469-480
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    • 1995

  • Gravity and magnetic surveys were carried out to investigate the three-dimensional configuration and characteristics of the landfills at Nanjido waste disposal site. For terrain correction and three-dimensional density inversion of gravity data an algorithm, which calculates the gravity effect of a three-dimensional body by using the solid angle method, is developed. This algorithm has been proved to give more accurate terrain correction values for the small survey area having varied topography like Nanjido site as compared with widely used methods such as Hammer's method and multiquadric equation method. Density inversion of gravity anomaly data gives very useful information about the lateral and vertical variation of the landfills, which can be used to discriminate the kinds of wastes. The average density of filled materials appears to be $1.7\;g/cm^3$ which is much higher than the value $(0.8\;g/cm^3)$ estimated by Seoul City. The lateral variation of density shows high correlation with the pattern of ongoing depression of the landfills. The northern region of the landfill no. 1, which shows low density and high depression, is closely associated with the industrial waste and sludge filled area. The magnetic anomaly data provide information about relative concentration of magnetic materials, which is also very useful to investigate characteristics of the fills. Several high positive anomaly regions on the reduced-to-pole magnetic anomaly map are appeared to be associated with the industrial waste fills, but certain industrial waste fills show low negative anomalies. This kind of magnetic information can be used in selecting drilling locations over landfills away from buried metal products during the stabilization process.

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인공 음식물 혼합 폐기물 바이오차의 토양 중금속 흡착 가능성을 위한 특성 분석 (The Characteristics of the Biochar with the Synthetic Food Waste and Wood Waste for Soil Contaminated with Heavy Metals)

  • 백예슬;이재영;박성규;배선영
    • 한국지하수토양환경학회지:지하수토양환경
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    • 제19권1호
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    • pp.1-7
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    • 2014

  • When processing the biomass by Hydrothermal carbonization (HTC), a slow pyrolysis process, it produces bio-gas, biooil, and biochar. Among these end products, biochar is known for isolating or storing carbon and being used as a soil amendment. In this study, the characteristics of biochar generated by HTC at $250^{\circ}C$ for 1 hour, 2 hours, 3 hours, and 20 hours with synthetic food wastes and wood wastes were analyzed for potential uses in soil contaminated with heavy metals. The yield of biochar (weight %) increased when the ratio of wood wastes increased and showed a decreasing tendency as reaction time increased. Elemental analysis of biochar based on various conditions showed a maximum of 70% carbon (C) content. The carbon content showed an increasing tendency with the increase of wood wastes. Iodine adsorption test was peformed to determine the optimum reaction condition, which was 15% wood waste for mixing ratio and 2 hours for reaction time. Using biochar generated at the optimum condition, its capability of adsorbing heavy metals (Cd, Cu, Pb, Zn, Ni) was evaluated. It was concluded that lead (Pb) was removed efficiently while zinc (Zn) and nickel (Ni) were hardly adsorbed by biochar.

  • https://doi.org/10.7857/JSGE.2014.19.1.001 인용 PDF KSCI KPUBS HTML

폐플라스틱의 열화학적 재활용 기술 국내 동향 (Domestic Trends in Thermochemical Recycling Technology of Waste Plastics)

  • 노선아;민태진;김진태;한방우
    • 자원리싸이클링
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    • 제32권6호
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    • pp.79-89
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    • 2023

  • 최근 탄소 중립 이슈와 함께 가장 많은 조명을 받고 있는 환경 문제로는 폐플라스틱 처리 문제가 있다. 폐플라스틱의 재활용 기술 중에서도 고온의 조건에서 유기물을 전환하여 원료 및 에너지로 재활용하는 열화학적 재활용 기술은 그동안 폐플라스틱에 주로 이용되어 왔던 물질재활용의 한계를 넘어선 기술로 평가 받고 있다. 열화학적 재활용 기술은 폐플라스틱을 원래 플라스틱의 원료로 재순환할 수 있는 순환경제의 핵심 기술로 부각되고 있으며 후속공정 및 최종 생산품의 활용 방법에 따라서 원료(Chemical recycling) 및 에너지(Waste to energy)로 재활용이 가능한 장점을 가지고 국내 뿐 아니라 세계적으로 주목을 받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 열화학적 재활용의 대표적인 세가지 기술인 연소, 가스화, 열분해에 대하여 살펴보고 최근 주요 기술 동향을 제시하고자 한다.

  • https://doi.org/10.7844/kirr.2023.32.6.79 인용 PDF

상품라인별 가격결정이 적재효율 및 물류비에 미치는 영향에 관한 연구 (Study on the Effect of Product Line Pricing on Loading Efficiency and Logistics Cost)

  • 정성태;윤남수;한규철
    • 유통과학연구
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    • 제12권8호
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    • pp.55-69
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    • 2014

  • Purpose - Despite the importance of price, many companies do not implement pricing policies smoothly, because typical price management strategies insufficiently consider logistics efficiency and an increase in logistics costs due to logistics waste. This study attempts to examine the effect of product line pricing, which corresponds to product mix pricing, on logistics efficiency in the case of manufacturer A, and analyzes how logistics performance changes in response to these variables. Research design, data, and methodology - This study, based on the case of manufacturer A, involved research through understanding the current status, analyses, and then proposing improvement measures. Among all the products of manufacturer A, product group B was selected as the research object, and its distribution channel and line pricing were examined. As a result of simulation, for products with low loading efficiency, improvement measures such as changing the number of bags in the box were suggested, and a quantitative analysis was conducted on how these measures influence logistics costs. The TOPS program was used for the Pallet loading efficiency simulation tool in this study. To prevent products from protruding out of the pallet, the maximum measurement was set as 0.0mm, and loading efficiency was based on the pallet area, and not volume. In other words, its size (length x width) was focused upon, following the purpose of this study and, then, the results were obtained. Results - As a result of the loading efficiency simulation, when the number of bags in the box was changed for 36 products with low average loading efficiency of 73.7%, as shown in

    , loading efficiency improved to 89.9%. Further, from calculating logistics cost based on the cost calculation standard of manufacturer A, the amount of annual logistics cost reduction amounted to 101,458,084 KRW. Given that the sum of the logistics cost of the product group B of manufacturing enterprises A is 400,340,850 KRW, it can be reduced by 25%, to 298,882,766 KRW. Although many methods improve loading efficiency, this study proved that logistics cost could be reduced by changing the number of bags within boxes. If this measure is applied to other items, visible logistics cost reduction effects will be realized through improvements in loading efficiency. Conclusions - Future pricing policies should consider their correlation with quality, loading efficiency, product specifications, and logistics standardization to prevent logistics waste, enabling management to improve earnings for companies. Thus, when companies decide pricing policies for new products, the aspects of merchandising and marketing should take priority; however, the aspect of logistics also needs to be considered as significant. Measures revealed by the study results are not only the responsibilities of manufacturing enterprises. Pricing policy agreements between manufacturing enterprises and distribution companies, and logistics factors related to price determination should be considered; further, governments should also support them for their collaborations. This will enable consumers to purchase quality products with low prices.

  • https://doi.org/10.13106/jds.2014.vol12.no8.55. 인용 PDF

    • 원자력시설 안전관리 법제의 문제점과 개선방안 연구 -수산물의 안전관리를 중심으로- (A Study on the Problems and Improvement of the Safety Management Law of Nuclear Facilities -Focused on Safety Management of Aquatic Products-)

    • 이우도
      • 수산경영론집
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      • 제50권2호
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      • pp.23-40
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      • 2019

    • The main purpose of this study is to analyze and examine the problems of the law systems of the safety and maintenance of nuclear facilities and to propose the improvements with respect to the related problems especialy focused on safety management of aquatic products. Therefore, the results of the paper would be helpful to build an effective management law system of safety and maintenance of nuclear facilities and fisheries products. The research methods are longitudinal and horizontal studies. This study compares domestic policies with foreign policies of nuclear plants and aquatic products. Using the above methods, examining the current system of nuclear-related laws and regulations, we have found that there exist 13 Acts including "Nuclear Safety Act", etc. Safety laws related on nuclear facilities have seven Acts including "Nuclear Safety Act", "the Act on Physical Protection and Radiological Emergency", "Radioactive waste control Act", "Act on Protective Action Guidelines against Radiation in the Natural Environment", "Special Act on Assistance to the locations of facilities for disposal low and intermediate level radioactive waste", "Korea Institute of Nuclear Safety Act". "Act on Establishment and Operation of the Nuclear Safety and Security Commission". The seven laws are composed of 119 legislations. They have 112 lower statute of eight Presidential Decrees, six Primeministrial Decrees and Ministrial Decrees, 92 administrative rules (orders), 6 legislations of local self-government aself-governing body. The concluded proposals of this paper are as follows. Firstly, we propose that the relationship between the special law and general law should be re-established. Secondly, the terms with respect to law system of safety and maintenance of nuclear plants should be redefined and specified. Thirdly, it is advisable to re-examine and re-establish the Law System for Safety and Maintenance of Nuclear Facilities. and environmental rights like the French Nuclear Safety Legislation. Lastly, inadequate legislation on the aquatic pollution damage should be re-established. It is necessary to ensure sufficient transparency as well as environmental considerations in the policy decisions of the Korean government and legislation of the National Assembly. It is necessary to further study the possibilities of accepting the implications of the French legal system as a legal system in Korea. In conclusion, the safety management of nuclear facilities is not only focused on the secondary industry and the tertiary industry centering on power generation and supply, but also on the primary industry, which is the food of the people. It is necessary to prevent damage to be foreseen. Therefore, it is judged that there should be no harm to the people caused by contaminated marine products even if the "Food Safety Law for Prevention of Radiation Pollution Damage" is enacted.

    • https://doi.org/10.12939/FBA.2019.50.2.023 인용 PDF KSCI

    Production and Properties Chip Block Pallets from Teak Wood (Tectona grandis sp.) Biomass

    • Dede HERMAWAN;Alessandro Geovani DAMANIK;Sudarmanto SUDARMANTO;Deni PURNOMO;Narto NARTO;Lisman SURYANEGARA;Ismadi ISMADI;Resti MARLINA;Riska Surya NINGRUM;Sri Yustikasari MASSIJAYA;Jajang SUTIAWAN;Kenji UMEMURA;Sukma Surya KUSUMAH;Apri Heri ISWANTO
      • Journal of the Korean Wood Science and Technology
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      • 제52권5호
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      • pp.423-437
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      • 2024

    • Wood biomass, such as sawdust, particles, and chips from the wood industry, can be potentially used as a composite product. Chip block pallets (CBP) are composite products that can be produced from industrial wood waste and are in high demand in the logistics sector. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the production of CBP from teak wood biomass with varying polyurethane contents. In addition, this study analyzed the optimum particle-size composition was determined. The CBP production of CBP be divided into two stages. The first stage evaluated the use of polyurethane adhesive content, whereas the second stage considered the effect of particle size composition. The 9 × 9 × 9 cm3 of CBP with 0.6 g/cm3 target density was fabricated using a cold press. The National Wooden Pallet and Container Association (NWPCA) standards were used to evaluate the density, moisture content, dimensional stability, water absorption, compressive strength (CS), and screw-holding strength (SHS) of our CBP products. The mechanical and physical properties of CBP products were investigated. As a result, the CBP sample prepared using 4-14 mesh particle size and 4.5% adhesive content showed the optimal strength values, such as CS of 14.67 MPa and SHS of 371.50 N. These findings demonstrate that the CBPs derived from teak wood waste closely resemble commercial chip blocks and have the potential to replace wood bearings as pallet pads.

    • https://doi.org/10.5658/WOOD.2024.52.5.423 인용 PDF

    Sulphate Reducing Bacteria and Methanogenic Archaea Driving Corrosion of Steel in Deep Anoxic Ground Water

    • Rajala, P.;Raulio, M.;Carpen, L.
      • Corrosion Science and Technology
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      • 제18권6호
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      • pp.221-227
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      • 2019

    • During the operation, maintenance and decommissioning of nuclear power plant radioactive contaminated waste is produced. This waste is stored in an underground repository 60-100 meters below the surface. The metallic portion of this waste comprises mostly carbon and stainless steel. A long-term field exposure showed high corrosion rates, general corrosion up to 29 ㎛ a-1 and localized corrosion even higher. High corrosion rate is possible if microbes produce corrosive products, or alter the local microenvironment to favor corrosion. The bacterial and archaeal composition of biofilm formed on the surface of carbon steel was studied using 16S rRNA gene targeting sequencing, followed by phylogenetic analyses of the microbial community. The functional potential of the microbial communities in biofilm was studied by functional gene targeting quantitative PCR. The corrosion rate was calculated from weight loss measurements and the deposits on the surfaces were analyzed with SEM/EDS and XRD. Our results demonstrate that microbial diversity on the surface of carbon steel and their functionality is vast. Our results suggest that in these nutrient poor conditions the role of methanogenic archaea in corrosive biofilm, in addition to sulphate reducing bacteria, could be greater than previously suspected.

    • https://doi.org/10.14773/cst.2019.18.6.221 인용 PDF KSCI

    폐타이어 건류 소각에서 발생되는 재와 배기 가스에서의 독성 오염 물질의 정량 (Characterization of Toxic Pollutants in Ash and Flue Gas from Gasification Incinerator of Waste Tires)

    • 구자공;서영화;김석완;유동준
      • 대한토목학회논문집
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      • 제13권1호
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      • pp.213-220
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      • 1993

    • 본 논문에서는 해마다 수 십만 개씩 발생되는 폐타이어의 열적 처리 방법인 건류 소각 처리 방법에서 발생되는 이차 오염 물질을 정량하여 폐타이어의 안전한 최종 처리 방법까지 고찰하였다. 건류-소각처리 방법에서 발생되는 배기 가스에서 이차 독성 오염 물질을 화학 평형 모델을 응용하여 예측하였고 실질적인 잔류 물질인 건류재와 소각재에서 유기성 독성 물질과 중금속을 정량하였다. 건류재에서는 폐타이어의 불완전 연소에 따른 유기성 이차 오염 물질이 다량 포함되어 있는 반면에 소각재에서는 납과 카드뮴과 같은 중금속 화합물의 함량이 높았다. 건류재 및 소각재의 안전한 최종 매립을 위하여는 서로 다른 전처리 방법이 요구된다.

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