• 조명전기설비학회논문지
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

To compare the lighting environment of kitchen and bathrooms in the apartments in China and Korea, this research conducted a study of the current status, targeting 68 households in China and 79 households in Korea. The results are as follows. First, the Korean kitchen space is a little bigger than China's, but the height of the sink and table show no difference. China does not use local lighting in the kitchen. And Korea 40.2[%], China 65.6[%] is sink's KS based was below. In the case of the dining table, KS criteria satisfy both Korean and Chinese standards. 20[%] appear to be very feeble; urgent improvements are required. Secondly, regarding the size of the bathroom, Korea and China show similar sizes; the average height of the vanities and toilet is higher in Korea than in China by 2[cm]. China does not use local lighting in the bathroom. The levels of illumination were measured; lighting is higher in China's bathrooms compared to Korea's.

• 한국버섯학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.29-33
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• 2007

버섯산업의 활성화자료 제공과 버섯의 가정내 재배 학생들의 과학탐구용으로 사용키위해서 일반 가정주택의 실내에서 버섯류 재배가능성 검토의 일환으로 수행한 실험의 결과를 요약하면 다음과 같다. 가. 가정내 각실별 온 습도 측정결과는 세면실에서 64~72%, 온도 $20.2{\sim}26.0^{\circ}C$로 상대적으로 거실, 부엌등 타실보다 버섯생육에 유리한 조건을 나타내었다 (1999. 4. 25~7. 25). 나. 느타리버섯 상자재배에서 세면실의 경우 초발이소요 일수는 3일, 수량은 2,060g, 회수율은 90%였다. 다. 느타리버섯 봉지볏짚재배에서 세면실의 경우 초발이 소요일수는 2일, 수량은 90g, 회수율은 153%였다. 라. 느타리버섯 봉지톱밥재배에서 세면실의 경우 초발이 소요일수는 4일, 수량은 770g, 회수율은 89%였다. 마. 영지버섯 봉지톱밥재배에서 세면실의 경우 초발이소요일수는 11일, 수량은 172g, 회수율은 16%, 중량감소율은 61%로 나타났다. 바. 본시험에서 수행한 4처리 모두 거실, 침실, 부엌에 비해 세면실에서의 생산된 버섯의 수량이 우수하였다. 사. 본 실험의 결과를 일부 기술하여 "내손으로 재배하는 가정버섯 효능과 활용법"이란 제목의 책자를 공동저술하였다 (장 등, 2003).

• 한국실내디자인학회논문집
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• 제14권5호
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• pp.185-192
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to clarify spatial composition of the staffs at nursing homes for the elderly with dementia. For this, the data was taken from the staffs in 2 nursing homes in Tokyo by the questionnaire from December4 to 28 in 2004. Replicated MDS (Multi-dimensional Scaling) was employed for data analysis. The results of the study were following. Staffs perceived nursing home by four spatial compositions; facility spaces as like sanitation room, laundry, bathroom, washroom, washbowl, social interaction spaces as like training room, inner court/balcony, living room, staff related spaces as like room for staff, treatment room, fundamental living spaces as like bedroom, dining room. According to two-dimensional perceptual map, sanitation room was wanted near by laundry, treatment room was wanted near by room for staff, bedroom was wanted near by dining room, and training room, living room were wanted near by inner court/balcony. On the other hand, washbowl and washroom were desired somewhere near by every spaces. Therefore, simple shaped washbowls are desired to install in dining room, living room, hallways. And sanitation room and laundry were desired somewhere remote by dining room, bedroom, and living room. Responding upper results, it is recommended planning for visual and sense of smell isolation in case of having difficulty in floor structure and circulation.

• 한국철도학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국철도학회 2004년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.449-454
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• 2004

As social and cultural value has been changed, customers are demanding equipment innovation of passenger quarters to improve the satisfaction of their needs and the level of transfortation culture. To promote the convenience of passenger and abstract the facilities factor of passenger quarters design, this article analyzed and compared with the facilities factor of passenger quarters which have been operated in domestic and foreign country. While domestic passenger quarters is composed of seat, toilet and washroom, foreign passengers quarters consist of various factor such as familly room, infant room, business room, conversation room, and multipurpose room. Especially, foreign passenger quarters have provided passenger with diversity of attachment space, securing movement line for weak person, and arranging infant/child's space.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제44권4호
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• pp.672-685
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• 2022

This article proposes a subject-independent application of brain-computer interfacing (BCI). A 32-channel Electroencephalography (EEG) device is used to measure imagined speech (SI) of four words (sos, stop, medicine, washroom) and one phrase (come-here) across 13 subjects. A deep long short-term memory (LSTM) network has been adopted to recognize the above signals in seven EEG frequency bands individually in nine major regions of the brain. The results show a maximum accuracy of 73.56% and a network prediction time (NPT) of 0.14 s which are superior to other state-of-the-art techniques in the literature. Our analysis reveals that the alpha band can recognize SI better than other EEG frequencies. To reinforce our findings, the above work has been compared by models based on the gated recurrent unit (GRU), convolutional neural network (CNN), and six conventional classifiers. The results show that the LSTM model has 46.86% more average accuracy in the alpha band and 74.54% less average NPT than CNN. The maximum accuracy of GRU was 8.34% less than the LSTM network. Deep networks performed better than traditional classifiers.

• KIEAE Journal
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• 제3권3호
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• pp.19-25
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• 2003

The Address No.0 of Eco-friendly Architecture offers unique experience for those who visit the place to envisage the future architecture where nature, human and building exist in harmony. It is open to the general public including the students of elementary and secondary schools. This house has been built to provide opportunities for the general public to experience eco-friendly architecture. It's floor area is 42 pyung($140m^2$) and the overall site has the area of 180 pyung($600m^2$). The following illustrates some of its prominent features : ${\bullet}$ Remodeling of a traditional Korean residence ${\bullet}$ Application of passive solar systems ${\bullet}$ Use of clerestory windows and daylighting systems(washroom and machine room) ${\bullet}$ Operation of solar water heaters with flat plate collectors ${\bullet}$ Construction of Biotop(small ecological world) ${\bullet}$ Water circulation for Biotop by photovoltaic(150W) and wind power(400W) generation ${\bullet}$ Outdoor hot water supplied by all-glass evacuated solar tubes. Through this Address No.0 of Eco-friendly Architeture conclusions are as followings. 1. The array of tubes in collector has the best nice in that the number of tube is nine and the tilt angle is the latitude $+20^{\circ}$. 2. The thermal performance of the all-glass solar vacuum collector was excellent than of the flate-plate solar collector. 3. The adaption of new small wind power systems to buildings were proved to produce a profit if it is considered the expense of environment improvement and the wind speed increasing according to rise of building hight.