• Journal of the Korean Institute of Illuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers
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• v.25 no.3
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• pp.1-6
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• 2011

To compare the lighting environment of kitchen and bathrooms in the apartments in China and Korea, this research conducted a study of the current status, targeting 68 households in China and 79 households in Korea. The results are as follows. First, the Korean kitchen space is a little bigger than China's, but the height of the sink and table show no difference. China does not use local lighting in the kitchen. And Korea 40.2[%], China 65.6[%] is sink's KS based was below. In the case of the dining table, KS criteria satisfy both Korean and Chinese standards. 20[%] appear to be very feeble; urgent improvements are required. Secondly, regarding the size of the bathroom, Korea and China show similar sizes; the average height of the vanities and toilet is higher in Korea than in China by 2[cm]. China does not use local lighting in the bathroom. The levels of illumination were measured; lighting is higher in China's bathrooms compared to Korea's.

• Journal of Mushroom
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• v.5 no.1
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• pp.29-33
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• 2007

This study for establishment of cultivation technique was carried out in home, Pleurotus ostreatus, Ganoderma lucidum. The mushroom kit allows you to grow some of the mushrooms used by the finest chefs in the world easily and quickly almost anywhere in your own home or office. Mushroom kits may be placed on a coffee table, counter, or desk. They will produce mushrooms virtually anywhere room temperature is maintained. Now we have the opportunity not only to enjoy watching these exotic mushrooms grow but also to enjoy eating the freshest organic mushrooms possible. To study for the possibility of indoor cultivation of P. ostreatus, and G. lucidum, we invested cultivation status with two kinds of sawdust, cotton waste and rice straw in washroom, kitchen, living room, and bedroom. It took 2~4 days to make primordia formation in a block of P. ostreatus, and G. lucidum was 11 days. Weight of P. ostreatus on cotton waste, rice straw, and willow sawdust were 2,060g, 90g, and 770g, respectively. and weight of G. lucidum on oak sawdust was 172g. Th best result was achieved in washroom, among used washroom, kitchen, living room, and bedroom.

• Korean Institute of Interior Design Journal
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• v.14 no.5 s.52
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• pp.185-192
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to clarify spatial composition of the staffs at nursing homes for the elderly with dementia. For this, the data was taken from the staffs in 2 nursing homes in Tokyo by the questionnaire from December4 to 28 in 2004. Replicated MDS (Multi-dimensional Scaling) was employed for data analysis. The results of the study were following. Staffs perceived nursing home by four spatial compositions; facility spaces as like sanitation room, laundry, bathroom, washroom, washbowl, social interaction spaces as like training room, inner court/balcony, living room, staff related spaces as like room for staff, treatment room, fundamental living spaces as like bedroom, dining room. According to two-dimensional perceptual map, sanitation room was wanted near by laundry, treatment room was wanted near by room for staff, bedroom was wanted near by dining room, and training room, living room were wanted near by inner court/balcony. On the other hand, washbowl and washroom were desired somewhere near by every spaces. Therefore, simple shaped washbowls are desired to install in dining room, living room, hallways. And sanitation room and laundry were desired somewhere remote by dining room, bedroom, and living room. Responding upper results, it is recommended planning for visual and sense of smell isolation in case of having difficulty in floor structure and circulation.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
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• 2004.10a
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• pp.449-454
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• 2004

As social and cultural value has been changed, customers are demanding equipment innovation of passenger quarters to improve the satisfaction of their needs and the level of transfortation culture. To promote the convenience of passenger and abstract the facilities factor of passenger quarters design, this article analyzed and compared with the facilities factor of passenger quarters which have been operated in domestic and foreign country. While domestic passenger quarters is composed of seat, toilet and washroom, foreign passengers quarters consist of various factor such as familly room, infant room, business room, conversation room, and multipurpose room. Especially, foreign passenger quarters have provided passenger with diversity of attachment space, securing movement line for weak person, and arranging infant/child's space.

• ETRI Journal
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• v.44 no.4
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• pp.672-685
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• 2022

This article proposes a subject-independent application of brain-computer interfacing (BCI). A 32-channel Electroencephalography (EEG) device is used to measure imagined speech (SI) of four words (sos, stop, medicine, washroom) and one phrase (come-here) across 13 subjects. A deep long short-term memory (LSTM) network has been adopted to recognize the above signals in seven EEG frequency bands individually in nine major regions of the brain. The results show a maximum accuracy of 73.56% and a network prediction time (NPT) of 0.14 s which are superior to other state-of-the-art techniques in the literature. Our analysis reveals that the alpha band can recognize SI better than other EEG frequencies. To reinforce our findings, the above work has been compared by models based on the gated recurrent unit (GRU), convolutional neural network (CNN), and six conventional classifiers. The results show that the LSTM model has 46.86% more average accuracy in the alpha band and 74.54% less average NPT than CNN. The maximum accuracy of GRU was 8.34% less than the LSTM network. Deep networks performed better than traditional classifiers.

• KIEAE Journal
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.19-25
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• 2003

The Address No.0 of Eco-friendly Architecture offers unique experience for those who visit the place to envisage the future architecture where nature, human and building exist in harmony. It is open to the general public including the students of elementary and secondary schools. This house has been built to provide opportunities for the general public to experience eco-friendly architecture. It's floor area is 42 pyung($140m^2$) and the overall site has the area of 180 pyung($600m^2$). The following illustrates some of its prominent features : ${\bullet}$ Remodeling of a traditional Korean residence ${\bullet}$ Application of passive solar systems ${\bullet}$ Use of clerestory windows and daylighting systems(washroom and machine room) ${\bullet}$ Operation of solar water heaters with flat plate collectors ${\bullet}$ Construction of Biotop(small ecological world) ${\bullet}$ Water circulation for Biotop by photovoltaic(150W) and wind power(400W) generation ${\bullet}$ Outdoor hot water supplied by all-glass evacuated solar tubes. Through this Address No.0 of Eco-friendly Architeture conclusions are as followings. 1. The array of tubes in collector has the best nice in that the number of tube is nine and the tilt angle is the latitude $+20^{\circ}$. 2. The thermal performance of the all-glass solar vacuum collector was excellent than of the flate-plate solar collector. 3. The adaption of new small wind power systems to buildings were proved to produce a profit if it is considered the expense of environment improvement and the wind speed increasing according to rise of building hight.