• Journal of environmental and Sanitary engineering
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• v.23 no.2
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• pp.55-63
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• 2008

All over the world, the existing process of water purification needs more flocculants and chlorine due to a gradual decline in the quality of source water. Therefore, the problem of the remaining aluminium and DBPs in purified water is on the rise. To solve this problem, the process of membrane filter has recently come into the spotight. This study reaches the following conclusions concerning TMP variation in order to solve the dropping of flux throgh a membrane filter when operating a membrane filter system in the process of water purification. 1. In case that a cohesion-precipitation process was introduced to pre-treatment of a membrane filter, initial TMP was very satisfactory(0.27kg/cm) in producing the constantly safe quality of water, $0.04{\sim}0.1$(mean 0.05) NTU by pouring 2mg/l of PACI(10% $Al_2O_3$) used for the existing process of water purification in high-density turbidity at a dry or flood season and at occurrence of high algae. 2. As flux increased at 0.5m/day.m, TMP increased 0.05 kgf/cm. 3. As filtering, operation mode of PVDF MF membrane filtering was 48 minutes and 1 cycle of back washing was 42 minutes, flux was increased 1.5m/day.m and TMP increased $0.25{\sim}0.27kgf/cm$. Without back washing, TMP increased 0.03 kgf/cm per a cycle.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.45 no.3
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• pp.525-545
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to assess the sustainability of laundry practices among Korean households in comparison with European households. A total of 329 responses were collected through an online survey and analyzed using SPSS. Detergent dosing, use of fabric softener, prewashing, rinsing, washing programs, and washing temperatures of Korean households were not optimal for sustainability. Only 11.2% of respondents followed dosage instructions while the majority based on load size. Use of fabric enhancer, prewashing, and rinsing were frequent. Cotton 40℃ was the most frequently used program (81.5%) while eco and cold wash programs were among the least (1.5%). In terms of laundry sorting, load size, drying, and ironing, more sustainable actions were reported. Laundry was often sorted by color, machines were commonly filled, and clothes tended to be air-dried and not excessively ironed. Gender was the primary socio-demographic factor denoting sustainable habits, with males being more attentive to instructions and care labels than females. European households, however, were more sustainable in all areas except for frequent ironing, and education level and employment status were significant factors affecting sustainable practices.

• Proceedings of the Ginseng society Conference
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• 1993.09a
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• pp.155-163
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• 1993

An American ginseng(Panax quillquefolium L) industry has emerged in British Columbia, Canada over the past ten years. Interest has grown very rapidly and with this development, attention is now moving away from field production issues and emphasis is being directed to enhancements in ginseng storage, drying and processing. There is a dearth of knowledge on these aspects even though they are crucial to international competitiveness. Enhancement dicatates the application of a systems approach to optimizing the harvest and post - harvest production system(crop digging, pre - washing cold storage. washing, drying and post - drying storage). Research in British Columbia to date has focussed on drying and storage issues and has resulted in the design of an enhanced commercial drying system. The role of dryer management, loading rates, airflow rates and pre - drying cold storage on American ginseng root drying rates and root quality were examined. From the dryer management experiments, there are distinct advantages to size sorting root to yield optimum drying rates. If unsorted root is used, efficiency is increased if the trays are systematically rotated. Loading rate experiments illustrate that increasing rates above those currently used in commercial dryers are possible without any sacrifice in quality. This has significant implications for commercial drying. Pre - drying cold storage is a most significant tool for managing drying operations. Over a period of six weeks, no discernable decrease in quality was found as a consequence of cold storage. Further, the moisture loss and the associated root surface changes(loss of surface soil in storage for example) provide new challenges for root quality management. Continued research and technological innovation will be crucial in addressing the demanding challenges of the future.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.29 no.3
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• pp.162-170
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• 2017

Fastener tapes are widely used as auxiliary materials in textile products, and military textiles products are also applied. However, in Korea, the HL3-WA class of KS K 1309 was applied to military uniforms without consideration of the operating environment. Instead of adopting the standard of initial strength for Korean military uniforms, the US military applied the value after 3 washings, and presented different properties according to the items. Also in Japan, the standard was applied differently according to products in general clothing. The purpose of this study in to examine the quality level of fastener tapes used for military materials. The changes of tensile shear strength and peel strength of military and commercial fastener tape were studied after washing. As a result, the initial strength of the current military fastener tapes was higher than commercial one, but the strength retention rate was rapidly decreased as the number of washing. So it was confirmed that the decrease in strength was relatively lower than commercial one. It is necessary to improve the durability by adjusting the adhesive strength to suit the purpose of the product, and it is necessary to consider the priority of maintaining the durability according to the initial performance and repeated use according to the use environment, respectively.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Fisheries and Ocean Technology
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• v.53 no.3
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• pp.256-265
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• 2017

Seafood is attracting attention as a future food industry. In recent years, the demand for fishery equipment of mechanization, automation, and unmanned was increased due to the environment affected by seafood processing, stricter regulations on safety, decline and aging of fishery worker. Ark shell (Scapharca subcrenata) was being produced in many steps in the production process. The process has been made such as collection-landing-washing-first sort (goods/non-goods)-transports-second sort (size). It was undergone first and second steps by delivering to the consumer. Here, the first step is to sort goods to collection and the second step is to sort by size. The fishery workers need ten people in first step and six people in second step. The workload of one hour per kg is 4,247 kg/h in first step and 2,213 kg/h in second step. In addition, the goods ratio by work process was 79% in first step and 98% in the second step. In this process, a lot of fishery worker and working time is needed. Therefore, this study developed elemental techniques for an automated size sorting system considering the working process problem, time and situation for washing and sorting of ark shell.

• Proceedings of the IEEK Conference
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• 2002.06e
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• pp.297-300
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• 2002

In this study, we implement the potable blood gas analyzer measuring pH, pCO$_2$and pCO$_2$of the arterial blood. The implemented system by this study is divided into hardware and software part and also the hardware portion is parted by mechanism and electronic circuit unit. The system program is composed of operating, washing, correcting and measuring program. And to correct the system, two-point calibration method is used, one-point calibration method is also added for more accuracy, and system program is coded. For verifying the implemented system, We examine to response property of each electrode. And evaluate accuracy of the system using standard reagent and was construed as statistical.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2003.11a
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• pp.905-909
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• 2003

This paper describes a shower type ultrasonic cleaning system using particle acceleration, developed for better effectiveness in washing out agricultural chemicals from fruits or vegetables, compared to the existing bath type ultrasonic cleaning system. The shower type system consists of a signal generator, a transducer, and a spouting nozzle, mainly. The system has been tested based on the method recommended by Korea Food and Drug Administration. It is found that shower type system shows better performance and cost-effectiveness than the bath type system that is commercially available .

• International Journal of Precision Engineering and Manufacturing
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.54-59
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• 2007

It is widely recognized that increasing the accuracy and diversity of rotating machinery necessitates an appropriate diagnostic technique and maintenance system. Until now, operators have monitored machinery using their senses or by analyzing simple changes to root mean square output values. We developed an expert diagnostic system that uses fuzzy inference to expertly assess the condition of a machine and allow operators to make accurate judgments. This paper describes the hardware and software of the expert diagnostic system. An assessment of the diagnostic performance for five fault phenomena typically found in pumps is also described.

• Journal of Animal Environmental Science
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• v.7 no.2
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• pp.77-82
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• 2001

This research was carried out to investigate the daily amount and characteristics of wastewater produced from bucket milkers, pipeline, tandem ad herringbone milking system for washing operations after milking included 28 dairy farms. The average amount of wastewater produced from milking system was 9.8l/head/day. The amount of wastewater varied from a low of 8.2 litters/head/day(pipeline milking system) to 13.4 litter/head/day(herringbone milking system). The moisture content, Biochemical Oxygen Demand($BOD_5$), Chemical Oxygen Demand($COD_{Mn}$), Suspended Solids(SS), Total Nitrogen(T-N) and Total Phosphorus(T-P) concentration of wastewater were 99.9%, 394mg/l, 417.3mg/l, 1,201.3mg/l, 3.78mg/l, 0.51mg/l.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.33 no.7
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• pp.1154-1161
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• 2004

The objective of this study was to evaluate microbiological Quality of HACCP application in elementary school foodservice operations. Microbiological Quality of utensils and non-heated foods such as salad was measured two times at five elementary schools in Daegu. The two experimentations differed in that after the first experimentation employees were educated and trained on HACCP based sanitation standards with a goal of improving microbiological Quality of foodservice. Microbiological Quality, time, and temperature were evaluated at three critical control points (CCPs)： washing and disinfecting, personal hygiene and non-cross contamination. Micro-biological Quality was assessed using 3M petrifilm to measure total plate count and coliform group. The first experimentation showed low microbiological Quality due to cross contamination of utensils and cooking gloves; high microbiological count of the garlic, powdered red pepper, and ginger; and not thoroughly washing and disinfecting vegetables. In the second experimentation, microbiological Quality was greatly improved by washing and thoroughly disinfecting raw ingredients and utensils, and using good personal hygiene. However, microbiological Quality of seasonings was still low. Immediate corrective actions were required in one of the foodservice operations that was assessed. These results strongly suggest that foodservice operations should address non-heated food Quality. It is essential to measure microbiological Quality regularly and continually train and retrain employees on hand washing and disinfecting raw ingredients. Further studies are needed to determine whether pathogens are present in raw vegetables and seasonings.