• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.71-79
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• 2017

A rack warehouse with a vertically loading type and high loading density has severe risks and damage during its fire. In this regard, US and Japan strive to minimize the fire spread by applying in-rack sprinkler, horizontal barriers, etc. corresponding to their own rack warehouse but there is no study and policy in Korea. Therefore, a model scale fire test was carried out targeting the standard rack incorporating the national rack warehouse in order to check fire characteristics in ignition points and installation distances of horizontal barriers in this study. As a result of the test, vertical fire spread of about 30% was inhibited by narrowing its installation distance from 2-layer to 1-layer in an ignition condition of the flue space. In addition, as a result of the measurement of the temperature in the upper and lower parts of the horizontal barrier, the temperature distribution showed about 2~4 higher in a condition with an installation of the barrier than that in the condition without the barrier. Consequently, it is likely that the horizontal barrier will help the initial operation of in-rack sprinkler.

• Journal of the Society of Disaster Information
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• v.16 no.3
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• pp.421-429
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• 2020

Purpose: The purpose of this study is to present step-by-step countermeasures to prevent fires in sandwich panel warehouses and to enhance on-site fire response capabilities. Method: Interviews of firefighters related to fire sites, advice from fire experts, and experiments on protection performance were conducted to draw up measures for each element to strengthen on-site response capabilities. Result: The fire safety management checklist for warehouse fire safety managers and the installation standards for wall protection of sandwich panel warehouses are presented. In addition, Standard Operational Procedures(SOP) for fire application of sandwich panel warehouses were established for firefighters on-site. Conclusion: Through this study, step-by-step fire safety measures were established for preventing, protecting and suppressing fires in sandwich panel warehouses.

• Proceedings of the Korea Institute of Fire Science and Engineering Conference
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• 2008.04a
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• pp.80-84
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• 2008

This research has been carried out in order to provide countermeasure plans, fire prevention, improving institutional plans through analyzing accidental causes and investigating the situation of damage from the fire incident of the cold storage at Icheon. By the analysis of the incident, which is organized the process; for incidence, firstly a field investigation, next the overview of related laws, finally the analysis of problems and deducting suggestions, it was possible to find out the causes of casualties. We also suggested improving plans through finding out several problems such as safety management system and safety regulations, the permit on the completion of the cold storage and the completion examination of fire facilities as institutional problems and fireproof construction and the selection of finishing materials.

• The Journal of the Convergence on Culture Technology
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• v.6 no.3
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• pp.401-412
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• 2020

This study analyzed the causes of warehouse fires using a creative problem-solving technique called TRIZ. It identified preventive measures by applying 4M. The results are as follows. First, this study examined the inconsistency among the causes of warehouse fires using TRIZ. Second, it analyzed human factors and fire prevention measures in warehouses such as safety standards for managers, and methods for the promotion of safety consciousness among workers, and for the reinforcement of construction technology for sandwich panel workers. Third, it identified the mechanical and facility factors and fire prevention measures in warehouses such as safety facilities, the expanded installation of safety devices, the adoption and development of fire suppression equipment, and the deployment of methods to improve the fire resistance of sandwich panels. Fourth, it presented working and environmental factors and fire prevention measures in warehouses such as the tightening of safety precautions and the supervision of working methods, and setting fire partitions both in loading places and based on performance-based design. Finally, it proposed managerial factors and fire prevention measures in warehouses such as specific targeting for firefighting with low fire hazards, reviewing the material quality regulations of non-combustible or higher for sandwich panels in the specific target of firefighting that cannot apply fire safety standards, installing sprinklers in cold storage, and mandating the installation of automated facilities with retroactive application regardless of the floor area in the warehouse with a sandwich panel structure.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.6
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• pp.84-91
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• 2016

In case of fire, vertically and intensively loaded rack warehouses are faced with a severe status due to the rapid increase in fires. In this regard, there have been trials to prevent fires from spreading by applying fire extinguishing systems, such as ESFR and In-Rack Sprinklers, vertical and horizontal barriers, etc.; however, it is difficult to calculate and design proper fire extinguishing systems caused by various composition conditions, such as the size and loading density of the rack, types of loading commodities, etc. Therefore, in this study, a standard rack was manufactured, incorporating a rack warehouse in Korea by site investigations, surveys, etc. In addition, a full scale fire test was executed to check the fire characteristics depending on the conditions of the ignition points. As a result, the extracted fire spread speed is expected to be utilized as a reference for performance comparisons of the fire extinguishing systems to be developed and applied in the future.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.33 no.5
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• pp.55-60
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• 2019

The occurrence of fire in rack-type warehouses may either lead to the warehouses getting entirely burned up or collapsing. This can be attrubuted to the high height of rack-type warehouses, in which combustibles are generally vertically stacked. These characteristics make it difficult to detect a fire early; because detectors are installed on the ceiling, these fires cannot be extinguished at an early stage. In this study, the flow of heat and smoke generated by a fire in a rack-type warehouse was analyzed using a fire dynamic simulator. Through this analysis, the optimal installation conditions of fire detectors for the early detection of fire in rack-type warehouses were confirmed. The analysis results confirmed that complex detection of heat and smoke is required for the early detection of fire in rack type warehouses. Furthermore, it was found that fixed temperature detectors are not suitable for these warehouses, resulting in the need to install heat-smoke hybrid detectors at every three rack levels.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.15 no.9
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• pp.23-33
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• 2017

Given the expansion of globalization and international trade, the number of apparel consumers is growing every year, making it difficult to estimate the amount of handling needed from the logistics industry. To determine which management factors are important and which ones require improvement, fuzzy AHP was used. Using this method, the factors were ranked in the final analysis as follows: The first and most important factor was training employees (0.17), while the second was fire hazard management (0.169); the third-highest factor was inbound and outbound goods (0.142), and the fourth was the warehouse management system. Barcode management was ranked fifth. By these results, we were able to analyze the processes of clothing warehouses, noting that although the factors appear independent, they are actually connected while proceeding with full management control. Moreover, because of the special characteristics of garments, employee management is crucial. Due to the vulnerability of these goods to fire hazards, this factor must be well managed.

• Fire Science and Engineering
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.23-30
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• 2016

A fire extinguishing system for a rack warehouse was recently designed, which only consider the gross area and number of stories. However, the design of such a system should take into account not only the planar structuree, but also the elevation perspectives due to its vertical structure. Moreover, the fire load of the commodities palletized on the racks should be considered, in order to design a performance-based fire safety system that is appropriate for these environmental conditions. For this reason, this study analyzed the fire characteristics of the commodities palletized on the racks (pallet + the commodities in a box unit + vinyl packing material), taking into consideration the results of a field investigation conducted in Korea, as well as the Hazard Classifications of Commodities used in other countries. Through this analysis, the heat release rate (HRR) and smoke production rate (SPR) were derived.

• Journal of the Computational Structural Engineering Institute of Korea
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.663-673
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• 2011

In this study, we analysed the effect of the fire source in the warehouse under the bridge and the height of the bridge using FDS code. To compare accuracy of simulation results, we simulated the experimental result with unit combustibles which is heptane as well as the mock-up test. Using this method, we evaluated the fire safety of the bridge which contains spalling and strength damage of concrete as well as damage of reinforcements according to the fire source and the height of the bridge. Most of the bridges are vulnerable to spalling of concrete. The book combustion has the strongest fire intensity which is expected to damage the bridge less than 30m height in the three types of the fire sources. The bridge over the 30m height can ensure the fire safety in the case of the rubber combustion.

• Journal of the Korea Safety Management & Science
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• v.26 no.1
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• pp.91-97
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• 2024

When a fire breaks out in a distribution center, it causes a lot of damage. And the most casualties are caused by Fire accidents. Therefore, training for fire prevention should be mandatory at the distribution center. Also, the contents of education should be different in room temperature warehouses and low temperature warehouses. Fire education in low-temperature warehouses should be more emphasized. This is because many fires occur in low-temperature warehouses. In this study, a study was conducted to determine the important order of training hours and contents for fire prevention education according to the type of distribution center. The importance of time and content for safety education in all types of warehouses did not differ significantly. It was first decided that safety prevention training should be conducted periodically in all types of warehouses