• PNF and Movement
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• 제15권2호
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• pp.185-194
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to prove the effects of the PNF patterns combined with whole-body vibration (PWBV) training on muscle strength, balance, walking speed, and endurance in stroke patients. Methods: Sixteen subjects were randomly assigned to the PWBV group (n=8) and the whole-body vibration (WBV) group (n=8). The PWBV group performed PNF pattern exercises using sprinter combined with WBV, while the WBV group performed using squatting for 30 minutes. Both groups performed therapeutic interventions five days per week over a period of four weeks. The manual muscle test, timed up and go test (TUG), 10-meter walk test (10MWT), and six-minute walk test (6MWT) were used to assess the muscle strength, balance, and gait of the participants. The SPSS Ver. 19.0 statistical program was used for data processing. Statistical analysis included a pared t-test to compare the pre- and post-intervention, and an independent t-test was used to compare groups. The significance level was set as 0.05. Results: The PWBV group and WBV group showed significant improvements in the TUG, 10MWT, and 6MWT (P<0.05). Significant differences between the PWBV and WBV groups were found (P<0.05). Conclusion: The PWBV improved muscle strength, balance, gait speed, and endurance in stroke patients. Thus, PWBV may be suggested as a therapeutic intervention in patients with stroke hemiplegia.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.315-324
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• 2014

PURPOSE: This study aimed to determine the correlation of weight bearing ability at the affected side with balance and gait abilities for the development of pressure biofeedback based equipment to stroke patients. METHODS: This study included 35 patients with stroke patient. The tests were conducted to determine the weight bearing ratio while pushing a step forward the affected side, static balance ability using the total length of COP(Center of pressure), sway velocity of COP, COP velocity at the X and Y axis. Functional reaching test (FRT), berg balance scale (BBS) were used to assess the dynamic balance ability and timed up and go test (TUG), 10m walk test (10mWT) were used assess the gait ability respectively. In order to determine the correlation between measured variables, bivariate correlation analysis was conducted. RESULTS: A significant correlation of the weight bearing ratio were shown with COP total length and velocity(r=-.34), Y-axis velocity(r=-.39), FRT(r=.42), BBS(r=.54), TUG (r=-.39), and 10m walking test (r=-.42). CONCLUSION: This study result showed that as patients with stroke had more weight bearing ratio at the affected side, not only their static and dynamic balance abilities increased more but also functional gait ability improved more. These results mean that, to improve stroke patients' static, dynamic balance ability and gait ability, weight bearing training with the affected side foot placed one step forward necessary for gaits are important.

• 한국응용과학기술학회지
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• 제35권2호
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• pp.317-324
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• 2018

Various studies related to therapeutic horseback riding have been reported to be positive for the therapeutic effect of patients with cerebral palsy; however, most of the previous studies focused on to muscle development with training period related to the physical effects of therapeutic horseback riding. To identify the causes and phenomena of muscular activation of the body through actual therapeutic horseback riding exercise and to promote the excellence of physical effects of therapeutic horseback riding. This study was a nonrandomized prospective positive-controlled trial design. Twelve teenaged males with cerebral palsy were selected who had experienced riding exercise for 8-12 months. This study measured 8 muscle activities of the pectoralis major muscle (PM), biceps brachii (BB), rectus abdominis muscle (RA), latissimus dorsi muscle (LD), spinal erector muscle (SE), rectus femoris muscle (RF), anterior tibial muscle (AT), and external gastrocnemius muscle (EG) by using electromyography (EMG). Muscle activity was significantly higher in horse riding position than sitting on the common chair in all muscles (PM, BB, RA, LD, SE, RF, AT, and EG). The activity of the body muscles according to the difference of horse walking method (walk: WA; sitting trot: ST; and riding trot: RT) of therapeutic horse riding showed the highest muscle activity in the PM muscle at ST, and the highest activity at BB, RA, LD, SE, and AT muscles at ST and RT, and showed the highest muscle activity in RF and EG muscle at RT. The results of this study suggest that intervention for the treatment of cerebral palsy patients can use therapeutic riding exercise as a rehabilitation method.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권7호
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• pp.566-574
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• 2016

본 연구의 목적은 생태유아교육의 연구동향을 알아보는데 있다. 분석대상은 2008년 3월부터 2015년 10월까지의 학위논문 총 97편을 대상으로 연도별 동향, 연구내용, 연구방법 등을 분석하였다. 그 결과 첫째, 생태유아교육 연구대상은 유아대상, 교사대상, 실내외 환경 대상, 부모대상 순으로 이루어졌으며 단일연령 중 만 5세를 대상으로 한 연구가 가장 많았으며, 만4세, 만3세, 만2세 순으로 나타났다. 둘째, 연구방법으로는 실험연구가 가장 많이 이루어졌으며 조사연구, 문헌연구, 문화 기술적 연구 순으로 나타났다. 셋째, 연구내용으로는 생태유아교육의 관련변인 모색, 생태유아교육 프로그램이 가장 많았으며 학문적, 이론적 기초방향모색, 생태유아교육과정의 이해와 국가 수준의 교육과정, 보육과정의 연계, 생태교사교육 프로그램 순으로 나타났다. 넷째, 교육내용으로는 숲 체험학습이 가장 많았으며 텃밭 가꾸기, 산책활동, 생태미술, 영성활동, 동 식물 기르기, 환경교육 순으로 나타났다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.53-58
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• 2017

Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of upper extremity coordination exercise (UECE) during standing on the paretic side on balance, gait ability and activities of daily living (ADL) in persons with stroke. Design: A randomized controlled trial. Methods: A total of 27 patients with hemiplegic diagnosis after stroke were divided into two groups. Fourteen patients were in the study group and 13 patients were in the control group. The study group received conventional physical therapy and UECE during standing on the paretic side. The control group received conventional physical therapy and simple upper extremity exercise (SUEE). Subjects in both groups were given upper extremity training for 30 minutes per day, five times a week for 4 weeks. Initial evaluation was performed before treatment and reevaluated 4 weeks later to compare the changes of balance, gait ability and ADL (Korean version of modified Barthel index, K-MBI). Results: Both groups showed a significant effect for balance, gait ability and ADL (p<0.05). In the Independent t-test, between both groups showed a significant effect for balance and gait ability except ADL (p<0.05). Conclusions: In this paper, we investigated the changes in balance, walking, and ADL through UECE. We found significant changes in the study group and the control group. Results of the present study indicated that UECE during standing on the paretic side for 4 weeks had an effect on balance, gait ability and ADL (K-MBI) in persons with hemiplegia after stroke.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.437-447
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• 2020

인간수명의 연장에 따라 우리나라도 2018년부터 고령사회에 진입하면서 빠른 속도로 증가하고 있는 노인교통사고가 사회적 문제로 나타나고 있다. 65세 이상 노인 교통사고율은 점점 높아지고 있지만, 이에 대한 교통 안전 정책은 미비한 실정이다. 2014년부터 최근 5년간 노인교통사고 현황 및 노인 운전자 교통사고에 대한 분석을 토대로 크게 3가지 측면에서 감소방안 제시하고자 한다. 먼저, 제도적 측면에서 미국, 영국, 일본처럼 정부기관 내 노인 교통정책 전담부서 설치 및 노인운전면허 제도를 강화하여 체계적인 관리가 필요하여, 환경적 측면으로는 교통약자를 위한 보행시간 및 횡단보도 통행환경을 개선해 나가야 한다. 또한, 인적측면에서는 노인 교통안전교육 강화를 위해 교통안전 전문가를 양성하여 교육의 실효성을 확보하고, 노인운전면허 소지자 안전교육 강화 및 체험식 교통안전시설을 확충하여 노인들에게 실시간 변하는 교통상황에 대처할 수 있는 능력을 향상시켜야 한다.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제14권2호
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• pp.53-60
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• 2007

The objective of this study was to discover the effects of the short-term home visiting physical therapy program involving patients with some chronic brain disorders at Gimhae City, Kyongnam. Recovery of activities of daily living (ADL) is a very important factor of rehabilitative procedures, and Functional Independence Measure (FIM) is a useful standard of evaluation for it. The FIM is widely used in brain disorder research because it measures real functional activities of daily living. We applied the physical therapy exercise program twice per week (10~15 times repeatedly); a warm-up and cool down exercise performed every ten minutes by active & active-assistive ROM and stretching exercises. Main exercises were composed of getting up & laying down in bed, standing training, walking exercise in the room, and window or wall sliding exercise using affected upper limbs for a total duration of 30 minutes. We collected the data from 20 patients with chronic brain disorders at his/her home and analyzed by means of SPSS/PC+ program (Ver. 10.0). After the six week long physical therapy exercise program, the average was $56.10{\pm}22.59$ point compared with initial $50.55{\pm}19.12$ point by FIM, improved functional ADL ability about 5.55 point, and these changed scores were statistically significant (p=.000). We also studied another factor regarding patient's satisfaction. The majority of subjects (10 people) rated the program with the maximum score of ten points (50.0%), and three people rated it a seven point program (15.0%), the other two subjects gave a rating of nine and eight points (10.0%). Because the program was effective at improving the physical ADL ability and satisfaction of each subject, we suggest continual development and implementation of a home visiting physical therapy program. Further study should involve a longer period of observation with a larger population that is involved in an individually designed home physical therapy program.

• 한국컴퓨터그래픽스학회논문지
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.11-19
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• 2020

캐릭터의 자세가 변할 때 마다 캐릭터의 무게 중심(COM) 위치도 변하게 된다. 이 때 무게 중심의 위치 변화는 걷기, 뛰기, 쭈그려 앉기 등 다양한 동작 각각에 대응되는 독자적인 패턴을 가지므로 이를 이용하면 원래 동작의 정보를 알아낼 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 캐릭터의 무게 중심의 위치 변화를 토대로 동작을 예측하는 모션 생성 기법을 제안한다. 이 방법을 이용하면 무게 중심 정보를 통해 원래 동작의 유형에 대한 별도의 라벨 없이도 다양한 동작을 생성할 수 있다. 그러므로 네트워크의 학습 및 실행을 위한 데이터셋을 만들 때 사람의 손을 거칠 필요 없이 전처리를 비롯한 모든 과정을 자동으로 진행할 수 있다. 본 논문에서 제안하는 신경망 모델은 캐릭터의 모션 이력(history) 정보와 무게 중심 정보들을 입력 받아 현재 프레임에서의 포즈 정보를 출력하며, 연속적인 시계열 모션 데이터를 다루기 위해 1차원 Convolution을 수행하는 간단한 형태의 Convolutional Neural Network(CNN)를 사용하여 학습되었다.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제3권1호
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• pp.7-12
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• 2014

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a three dimensional balance trainer in combination with a video-game system and visual feedback on balance recovery and gait function in subacute stroke patients. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Twenty-three subacute stroke patients were assigned to either an experimental (n=12) or a control group (n=11) using a random permuted block design and sealed envelopes. The experimental group received additional 3-dimensional balance training combined with visual feedback and a game program for 30 min/day, 5 days/week for 4 weeks. Both groups received 30-min of conservative physical therapy sessions based on neurodevelopmental therapy. Before and after the 20 sessions, walking abilities were evaluated by the the GaitRite system and balances were evaluated using the Berg Balance Scale (BBS). The Trunk Impairment Scale (TIS) was used to assess trunk muscle performances. Results: After the 4-week intervention, BBS and TIS scores were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and increases in these scores were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). After the 4-week intervention, gait speed and cadence were significantly increased in both groups (p<0.05), and as was observed for BBS and TIS scores, changes of gait speed and cadence were significantly greater in the experimental group (p<0.05). Conclusions: The study shows that the 3-dimensional balance trainer combined with visual biofeedback and a video-game system provides a therapeutic means for improving balance and gait ability in subacute stroke patients.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.105-108
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• 2021

Background : Hyperornithinemia-hyperammonemia-homocitrullinuria (HHH) syndrome is a rare, autosomal recessive metabolic disorder which is caused by genetic mutations that disrupt the urea cycle. It is characterized by variable clinical presentation and the age of onset. Patients may present with gait disturbance and progressive paraplegia and muscle tightness in the lower extremities. The use of botulinum toxin in metabolic disease has rarely been discussed. We describe a case of a 14-year-old-boy with HHH syndrome, who presented with a several - month history of gait disturbance and lower extremity weakness. Case presentation : A 14-year old male had a history of recurrent upper respiratory tract infections, occasional vomiting, loss of appetite, and general weakness, all of which started since he was 10 months old. He was diagnosed with HHH syndrome at one year of age. At the age of 14, he was referred for the assessment and treatment of his gait disturbance and aggravated weakness of the lower extremities. Brain MRI, electrodiagnostic study and blood test were performed to exclude any lesions related to neurologic dysfunction. Botulinum toxin type A were injected into muscles of adductor longus, adductor magnus, lateral and medial hamstring, and lateral and medial gastrocnemius muscle heads under needle electromyography guidance to reduce lower limb spasticity. Intensive physical therapy including gait training and stretching exercise of adductor and calf muscles were also provided. After intensive physical therapy and botulinum toxin injection to reduce lower limb spasticity, he was able to ambulate for 20 meters independently without any walking aids. There were no adverse events after the injection. Conclusion : Botulinum toxin injection is a safe and effective therapy for patients with HHH syndrome who suffer from gait disturbance.