• PNF and Movement
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• 제16권2호
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• pp.259-266
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• 2018

Purpose: This study aimed to compare balance ability according to the immersion level of virtual reality-based training for the balance enhancement of the elderly. Methods: This study included 48 elderly people aged 65 years and older (male 16, female 32). According to the immersion level of applied virtual reality training, 16, 17, and 15 persons were randomly assigned to full immersion, semi-immersion, and control groups. The subjects who were assigned to the full immersion group and semi-immersion group received virtual reality training for 6 weeks at 20 min at a time, 3 times per week. The control group received no intervention. Balance ability was evaluated by measuring the stability limit and the tandem walking test before and after the intervention. Results: Results showed significant differences among the three groups in the limit of stability of all directions and the tandem walking test after the intervention. The results of the limit of stability showed a significantly higher value in the full-immersion group than in the control group, and the results of the tandem walking test showed a significantly lower value in the full-immersion and semi-immersion groups than in the control group. Conclusion: The results indicate that the head-mounted display equipment for applying full-immersion virtual training is the most effective in enhancing the balance ability of the elderly.

• Journal of Biosystems Engineering
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• 제29권2호
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• pp.101-108
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• 2004

The objectives of this study were to determine the natural frequency of a walking-type cultivator's handle using a modal analysis, to determine whether or not the handle resonates with forcing frequency induced by its engine, and to determine a method to reduce the handle vibration using a technique of the operational deflection shapes(ODS). Results of the study are as follows: The natural frequencies of the handle up to third harmonics were found to be 20.4, 22.5 and 92.1 Hz in the vertical direction and 14.9, 93, and 132 Hz in the horizontal direction. It was found that the handle does not resonate with the forcing frequency of the engine, which is 52 Hz. The operational deflection shape analysis revealed the deflected shapes of the handle in the vertical and horizontal directions and suggested that the handle vibration can be reduced by adding some mass to the place where the largest deflection occurs. Attaching of 1.1 kg mass adjacent to the largely deflected area resulted in reductions of vibration from 9.45 to 8.03 m/s$^2$ in x-axis direction from 3.89 to 3.16 m/s$^2$ in y-axis direction and from 7.89 to 3.09 m/s$^2$ in z-axis direction, which are respectively 15, 19 and 61% reductions. The total vibration level was reduced by 29%, indicating that mass-adding method by the ODS is very effective for reducing the handle vibrations of the cultivators.

• 대한물리의학회지
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• 제18권2호
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• pp.83-92
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• 2023

PURPOSE: This study examined the effect of using a smartphone according to the direction of wearing a bag on muscle characteristics and balance ability in adults in their 20s with chronic ankle instability. METHODS: Twelve people with chronic ankle instability were examined for three weeks. The types of carrying a bag were classified into three conditions: to the right, to the left, and on both sides. The muscle characteristics and balance ability were measured and analyzed. The one-way ANOVA was used to obtain a difference between conditions. RESULTS: A significant difference in the muscle tone of medial gastrocnemius was observed between the dominant group and the non-dominant group. The muscle tone and stiffness of the peroneus longus decreased significantly after walking with a smartphone and carrying a bag. The maximum slope of the forward and reverse directions increased and decreased significantly, respectively, after walking with a smartphone and carrying a bag on both sides. CONCLUSION: In this study, muscle fatigue causes a decrease in muscle tone and stiffness with chronic ankle instability when carrying a heavy back while walking, and there were asymmetric changes in the balance ability. Therefore, adults with chronic ankle instability should carefully avoid carrying a heavy bag for extended times, irrespective of the style or type of the bag.

• 토지주택연구
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• 제11권2호
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• pp.1-14
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• 2020

The aim of this study is to empirically identify the differentiating characteristics of determinant factors on sing-person households' commuting mode choice compared to multi-person households' one in order to establish the customized police directions to decrease private car use in commuting. While the study use the 2% sample survey data on the population and housing in 2015, it employ multinomial logit models on relative choice probability of such alternative commuting modes as bus, subway or rail, and walking, rather than driving. As potential determinant factors, the study employs demographic, socio-economic, and housing and residential one for both models of single-person and multi-person households. The study finds that the behavior of commuting mode choice has distinctive difference by gender, marriage status, physical activity constraint, job type, residential period in current housing of the single-person household's workers compared to the multi-person households' ones. Based on the findings, the study deduce ten commuting policy directions customized for the single-person household.

• 한국산학기술학회논문지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.246-250
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• 2006

본 연구는 지하공간에 있어서 보행자의 정보활용에 관한 연구의 일환으로. 후쿠오카시 텐진지구 지하상가를 중심으로, 보행자의 보행형태로부터 사인의 이용현황을 밝혀내는 것을 목적으로 아래와 같은 분석을 실시하였다. 1) 피험자가 통과한 Route의 체크에 의한 보행선형의 비교, 2) 피험자가 본(이용한) 사인을, 보행동선과, 사인의 이용상황, 사인의 설치장소, 사인의 높이등과의 관계에 있어서 구간별로 분석시, 동선의 Type를 분류 위의 텐진 지하상가에서의 보행특성분석의 결과로 부터, 사인에서의 배치의 문제, 안내 사인의 이용률의 부족 등 보행특성상의 문제에의 해결해야할 과제가 밝혀졌다. 그것에 대한 해결책으로, 1)사인의 배치문제에 관해서는 사인을 다양한 높이와 설치장소에 활용하여 제공할 수 있는 안내 유도정보제공의 필요성, 2)피험자의 보행특성에 나타난 문제점에 관해서는, 보행자가 보다 다양한 안내정보를 이용할 수 있도록 사인의 안내정보시스템을 활용한 보행지원과, 설치되어 있는 사인은 많지만 이용률이 적은 곳, 보행의 동선에 문제가 있던 장소와 장소를 연결하는 곳에 적절한 정보제공의 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.611-622
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• 2018

본 연구에서는 국내에서 연구된 보행 및 위치에 관한 연구동향을 살펴보고 시각장애인과 비장애인 대상의 연구들을 비교 분석하여 시각장애인 대상의 연구의 현재를 바로 알고 앞으로의 연구방향을 제시하고자 국내 논문 총 113편을 선정하였다. 본 연구는 보행 및 위치에 관한 국내 연구의 개괄적 특징(게재 연도, 학술지 및 저자수, 키워드, 연구방법, 연구유형 및 구현방법, 연구지원, 참고문헌)과 연구주제 및 내용을 중심으로 분석하였다. 그 결과 보행 및 위치에 관련하여 비장애인 대비 시각장애인 대상의 논문 게재수의 연도별 증가추세에는 큰 차이가 없었으나 발행기관의 성격, 저자의 전공이나 저자수 등에는 다소 차이가 있었다. 또한 연구주제와 연구유형, 구현형태로는 비장애인 대상의 경우가 보행 및 위치 관련 기술의 다양한 시도 및 시스템 개발, 개선, 안정화, 정확성 추구라면 시각장애인 대상의 경우에는 시각장애인의 일반적 특징을 반영한 시스템 개발이나 휴대, 부착이 가능한 단말기 중심의 연구였으며 시스템 개선에 관한 연구는 많지 않았다. 연구지원에서도 비장애인 대상의 경우가 다양한 연구지원을 받는 것으로 나타났다. 따라서 시각장애인 대상의 연구들의 지속적인 개발 및 개선, 연구주제와 연구유형의 다양화, 연구 조사범위의 확장과 타당도의 향상, 실질적 정책반영의 연구지원이 마련되어 활발한 연구가 이루어질 수 있도록 하는 필요성을 제시하였다.

• 한국체육학회지인문사회과학편
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• 제55권2호
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• pp.643-655
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• 2016

본 연구는 내리막 경사의 변화에 따른 노인집단과 젊은 성인집단의 운동역학적 보행분석을 통해, 두 집단 간 보행패턴의 차이를 비교 분석하여 노인들의 운동역학적 측면에서 낙상 요소를 파악하는데 목적이 있다. 20대 건강한 젊은 성인여성집단(yrs: 21.17±1.5)과 65세 이상의 건강한 노인여성집단(yrs: 66.67±1.33)을 대상으로 각각 18명씩 실험 참여자로 선정하였으며 트레드밀 위에서 선호속도로 평지, -7.5°, -15°의 세 가지의 경사조건에서 보행을 실시하였다. 노인집단은 성인집단에 비해 내리막 보행 시 신체중심의 좌우변위가 더 큰 것으로 나타났고(p<.05), 경사에 따라 무릎과 발목 관절의 발목 가동변위는 노인집단이 더 작은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 엉덩관절의 가동범위에서는 집단 간 차이가 나지 않았지만 노인집단의 최대 신전 각은 성인집단보다 작은 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 또한, 내리막 보행 시, 성인집단보다 더 적은 무릎 신전모멘트가 작용한 것으로 나타났다(p<.05). 본 연구 결과 노인들은 내리막 보행 시 낙상 위험에 더욱 노출되고 불안정한 보행을 할 것이라는 예상과 달리 젊은 성인집단보다 더욱 안정적인 보행 전략을 세워서 걷는 것으로 나타났다. 본 연구를 통해 노인들의 보행특성 및 낙상과 관련된 운동역학적 변인을 수집하고, 노인의 낙상을 예방하기 위한 후속연구의 기초자료로서 도움을 줄 것이라 예상된다.

• 한국실내디자인학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국실내디자인학회 2004년도 춘계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.176-179
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• 2004

Space is comprised by the movements of human beings, and draws a complex locus within it. That form seems to be complex of movement around in all directions of space axis, and be ever-changing process as time goes by. Although Human are able to move uninhibitedly, the movements are restricted to a narrow sphere during locomotion. However, the pattern of these movements delineates a certain frame within the space, and provides not only visual effects but also relevance tomovement itself. Also, critically dividing and organizing this sphere is what is realized into this tangible indoor space. This study recognized importance of human being as a core of making indoor space and brought out experimental approach on relationship human with space, and visually perceptual standpoint. And this presented the recent possibility of action and attitude though sight and walking by arranging space on the basis of modern artists' perception of human body.

• 한국전문물리치료학회지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.97-108
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• 2003

Slipping during various kinds of movement often leads to potentially dangerous incidents of falling. The purpose of this paper was to review some of the research performed in the field including such topics as rating scales for balance, kinematics and kinetics of slipping, adaptation to slippery conditions, postural and balance control, and protective movement during falling. Controlling slipping and fall injuries requires a multifaceted approach. Environmental conditions (state of floor surface, tidiness, lighting, etc), work task (walking, carrying, pushing, lifting, etc), and human behavior (anticipation of hazards, adaptation to risks, risk taking, etc) must be accounted for in the assessment of slip and fall-related risks. Future directions of research must deal with modeling of basic tribophysical, biomechanical, and postural control process involved in slipping and falling.

• International Journal of Fuzzy Logic and Intelligent Systems
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.298-306
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• 2013

Recent years have witnessed a growing interest in the fields of video surveillance and mobile object tracking. This paper proposes a mobile object tracking algorithm. First, several parameters such as object window, object area, and expansion-contraction (E-C) parameter are defined. Then, a modified E-C algorithm for multiple-object tracking is presented. The proposed algorithm tracks moving objects by expansion and contraction of the object window. In addition, it includes methods for updating the background image and avoiding occlusion of the target image. The validity of the proposed algorithm is verified experimentally. For example, the first scenario traces the path of two people walking in opposite directions in a hallway, whereas the second one is conducted to track three people in a group of four walkers.