• 유체기계공업학회:학술대회논문집
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• 유체기계공업학회 2005년도 연구개발 발표회 논문집
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• pp.473-480
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• 2005

Clocking effects of a stator on the performance and internal flow in an UTRC 1.5 stage axial turbine are investigated using a three-dimensional unsteady flow simulation. Six relative positions of two rows of stator are investigated by positioning the second stator being clocked in a step of 1/6 pitch. The relative efficiency benefit of about 1% is obtained depending on the clocking positions. However, internal flows have some different characteristics from that in the previous study at the best and worst efficiency positions, since be first stator wake is mixed out with the rotor wake before arriving at the leading edge of the second stator. Instead of the first stator wake, it is found that the wake interaction of the first stator and rotor has a important role on a relative efficiency variation at each clocking position. The time-averaged local efficiency along the span at the maximum efficiency is more uniform than that at the minimum efficiency. That is, the spanwise efficiency distribution at the minimum efficiency has larger values in mid-span but smaller values near the hub and casing in comparison to those at the maximum efficiency. Moreover, the difference between maximum and minimum instantaneous efficiencies during one period is found to be smaller at the maximum efficiency than at the minimum efficiency.

• 대한조선학회논문집
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.24-31
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• 1998

본 논문에서는 경사축에 의해 추진기의 후면에 형성되는 비대칭 후류를 모델링하였고 이를 사용하여 추진기에 발생하는 비정상력과 모멘트를 계산하였다. 또한 공동발생시 비대칭후류가 공동 형상에 미치는 영향을 계산, 검토하였다. 추진기의 비대칭 후류위치를 계산하기 위해 유입유동을 축방향, 접선방향 그리고 반경방향으로 나누고 축방향 유동만을 이용, 후류면에서 zero pressure jump 조건을 만족하는 대칭후류 위치를 계산한 후, 접선방향 및 반경방향의 유동을 추진기의 매회전 위치에서 계산하여 대칭 후류와의 선형 합을 통해 비대칭 후류위치를 계산하였다. 새로운 비대칭 후류모델을 비정상 공동중의 추진기에 적용하여 대칭후류모델의 결과 및 실험 결과와 비교하였다. 비교결과 비대칭 후류모델로부터 계산된 비정상력 및 모멘트가 대칭 후류모델로부터의 결과들 보다 실험치와 좋은 일치를 보임을 확인하였다.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제25권3호
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• pp.330-338
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• 2001

This paper is concerned with the effect of cylinder wakes upstream on blade characteristics of compressor cascade(NCA 65 series). At first, it is found that the velocity defect ratio of cylinder wake varies according to the acceleration and deceleration in a flow field but, is conserved nearly constant at flow downstream the cascade, irrespective of the flow path in the cascade. When a cylinder wake flows along near the suction surface of the blade, or impinges on the leading edge, the turbulent velocities are supplied on or inside the outer edge of boundary layer near the leading edge of suction surface, and the transition to a transitional or turbulent boundary layers is induced, so that the laminar separation is prevented, but the profile loss increases. The transition of boundary layer to a transitional or turbulent one is strongly related with the strength of added turbulent velocities near the leading edge on the suction surface, which is influenced by the flow path of a cylinder wake.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.151-161
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• 2014

In this study, an experimental investigation has been made of the applicability of outer-layer vertical blades to real ship model. After first devised by Hutchins and Choi (2003), the outer-layer vertical blades demonstrated its effectiveness in reducing total drag of flat plate (Park et al., 2011) with maximum drag reduction of 9.6%. With a view to assessing the effect in the flow around a ship, the arrays of outer-layer vertical blades have been installed onto the side bottom and flat bottom of a 300k KVLCC model. A series of towing tank test has been carried out to investigate resistance (CTM) reduction efficiency and improvement of stern wake distribution with varying geometric parameters of the blades array. The installation of vertical blades led to the CTM reduction of 2.15~2.76% near the service speed. The nominal wake fraction was affected marginally by the blades array and the axial velocity distribution tended to be more uniform by the blades array.

• 한국해양공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국해양공학회 2002년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.220-224
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• 2002

In this paper, flow in the wake region of a butterfly valve is studied numerically and experimentally. The disk angle of the valve is fixed as $30^{\circ}$ and the free stream velocity as 0.13m/s in the experiment. Numerical analysis is performed in similitude of the experiment. The standard LES model is used to represent the turbulence effect in the commercial code Fluent 5.5. It is shown that the numerical result is similar to the experimental result for the wake flow of a butterfly-type valve.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2003년도 춘계학술대회
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• pp.2037-2042
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to develop the model of turbulence modulation due to the presence of particles in various types of particle-laden flows. Available experimental data were surveyed and the dependence of turbulence modulation of carrier-phase on particle size, concentration and particle Reynolds number were examined. This study takes into account the effect of wake produced by particle, the drag between phases and the velocity gradient in the wake to estimate the production of turbulence. The model of turbulence modulation using the mixing length theory under the assumption of equilibrium flow is proposed. Numerical results show that the model is successful in predicting the characteristics of the particle-laden flow in various conditions both qualitatively and quantitatively.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2002년도 학술대회지
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• pp.349-352
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• 2002

The time-development of the wake vortices of the unsteady viscous flow past a semicircular cylinder is simulated using the vortex particle methods for direct numerical simulations(DNS). The early wake behaviour of the flow behind an impulsively started a semicircualr cylinder is evaluated for a range of Reynolds numbers between 60 and 200 with opposite body configurations respectively. The diffusion scheme based on the particle strength exchange(PSE) is used to account far the viscous effect accurately. And the vorticity generation algorithm to enforce the no-slip boundary conditions is employed. In order to redistribute particles efficiently on the distorted Lagrangian grid the particle distribution technique is adaptively revised, while maintaining the uniform resolution. The results of the simulations are compared to other experimental results.

• 대한기계학회논문집B
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• 제27권6호
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• pp.813-820
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• 2003

The purpose of this research is to develop the model of turbulence modulation due to the presence of particles in various types of particle-laden flows Available experimental data are surveyed and the dependence of turbulence modulation of carrier-phase on particle size, concentration and. particle Reynolds number are examined. This study takes into account the effect of wake produced by particle, the drag between phases and the velocity gradient in the wake to estimate the production of turbulence. The model of turbulence modulation using the mixing length theory under the assumption of equilibrium flow is proposed. Numerical results show that the model is successful in predicting the characteristics of the particle-laden in various flow conditions both qualitatively and quantitatively.

• 대한기계학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한기계학회 2000년도 춘계학술대회논문집B
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• pp.715-720
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• 2000

Stratified flow past a three-dimensional obstacle such as a sphere has been a long-lasting subject of geophysical, environmental and engineering fluid dynamics. In order to investigate the effect of the stratification on the near wake, in particular, the unsteady vortex formation behind a sphere, numerical simulations of stratified flows past a sphere are conducted. The time-dependent Navier-Stokes equations are solved using a three-dimensional finite element method and a modified explicit time integration scheme. Laminar flow regime is considered and linear stratification of density is assumed under Boussinesq approximation. The computed results include the characteristics of the near wake and the unsteady vortex shedding. With a strong stratification, the separation on the sphere is suppressed and the wake structure behind the sphere becomes planar, resembling that behind a vertical cylinder.

• Wind and Structures
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• 제15권1호
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• pp.43-64
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• 2012

Many potential small wind turbine locations are near obstacles such as buildings and shelterbelts, which can have a significant, detrimental effect on the local wind climate. A neural network-based model has been developed which predicts mean wind speed and turbulence intensity at points in an obstacle's region of influence, relative to unsheltered conditions. The neural network was trained using measurements collected in the wakes of 18 scale building models exposed to a simulated rural atmospheric boundary layer in a wind tunnel. The model obstacles covered a range of heights, widths, depths, and roof pitches typical of rural buildings. A field experiment was conducted using three unique full scale obstacles to validate model predictions and wind tunnel measurements. The accuracy of the neural network model varies with the quantity predicted and position in the obstacle wake. In general, predictions of mean velocity deficit in the far wake region are most accurate. The overall estimated mean uncertainties associated with model predictions of normalized mean wind speed and turbulence intensity are 4.9% and 12.8%, respectively.