• The Journal of Korean Academy of Orthopedic Manual Physical Therapy
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.39-46
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• 2013

Background: The purpose of this study was to realize the relations between gluteus medius, tensor fascia lata of pelvic muscles and functional leg length in women's university students. This study is examined the change of electromyographic activation on gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata according to the leg length discrepancy. Methods: All of the female of freshman and sophomore in 'D'college were gathered and separated fourteen of healthy women in two groups by functional leg length discrepancy. and The subjects divided into two groups that the difference with less than 2cm or more would have structural defects by tapeline. The electromyographic activation on the gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata muscles were recorded by surface electrodes at maximal voluntary isometric contraction (MVIC) during lunge posture. The collected datas were analyzed using Independent t-test with SPSS win19.0. Results: In intergroup comparison of electromyographic activation levels for gluteus medius and tensor fascia lata in short or long leg, the influence of electromyographic activation on tensor fascia lata is shown to be more statically higher than gluteus medius according to functional leg length discrepancy in coeds. Even though both muscles are shown to be statistically higher in comparison of electoromyographic activation levels for tensor fascia lata and gluteus medius between short leg and long leg in Group I, Differences of electoromyographic activation levels for tensor fascia lata is shown to be statistically higher than gluteus medius. Conclusion: Through this study, we realized that tensor fascia lata than the long leg, and also, tensor fascia lata is significantly effective for functional leg length discrepancy than gluteus medius. It leads to pelvic lateral instability. This means that cause tensor fascia lata to have a leg length discrepancy.

• Journal of Technologic Dentistry
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• v.36 no.2
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• pp.99-110
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was carried out in order to examine the relationship of job satisfaction and social support on the dental technicians and to analyze its influence. Methods: A self-reported questionnaire survey was carried out by having convenience sampling as 220 dental technicians who work in Seoul Metropolis, Gyeonggi-do Province, Daejeon and Chungnam Province. A research tool was used questionnaire that was proved reliability and validity. It was prepared with totally 37 questions such as 12 items for subjects' general characteristics, 18 items for job satisfaction measurement, and 7 items for social support measurement. An analysis of the collected data was computationally processed by using SPSS Win 17.0 program. An analytical technique was made by using statistical techniques such as frequency & percentage, T-test or One-way ANOVA analysis. The following are the analytical results of the collected materials. Results: As a result of analyzing research subjects' job satisfaction level, there was significant difference(P<0.05) in items of religion, hobby life, working environment, and rest time out of daily work. The whole mean in job satisfaction was indicated to be relatively high with 3.13. However, job satisfaction with social recognition, salary, and safety was indicated lowly. As a result of analyzing research subjects' social support level, there was significant difference(P<0.05) in items of age, working environment, and rest time out of daily work. The whole mean in social support was indicated to be relatively high with 3.49. As a result of analyzing correlation between job satisfaction and social support, all variables were indicated to be positive correlation in high significance level, thereby having been indicated that the higher job satisfaction leads to the higher social support. Conclusion: As a result of this study, there is high correlation between social support and job satisfaction. An effort and a support are considered to be necessary for forming positive personal relations among members such as relationship with family member and with fellow employee, for improving the working conditions, and for enhancing dental technicians' pride and social recognition in order to promote dental technician's job satisfaction.

• Journal of Korean Traditional Oncology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.1-14
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• 2011

Background and Objectives : This study is an observational study of nonequivalent control group based on time lag design in order to determine the effectiveness of gargling Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HRHDT) on stomatitis caused by chemotherapy. Methods : The study period is from July 1st, 2010 to September 30th, 2010. The subjects are 13 patients who fit the profile of the study and who are admitted in the tumor department of the regional cancer center of C University Hospital which is located in Chung-Joo City. When stomatitis occurs after chemotherapy, the level of stomatitis is assessed using oral assessment guide score and oral discomfort score. Then mix 5 g of powered HRHDT and 60 ml of distilled water, and 15 ml of the solution is given to patients 4 times per day to gargle for 1 minute. For the control group, 60 ml of Chlorohexidin gargling solution is used; everyday for one week, 4 times per day, 15 ml per gargle and gargled for 1 minute. Oral Assessment Guide score and Oral Discomfort Score are assessed at same hour everyday. Crosstabulation analysis $X^2$(${\rho}$) was used to examine the demographic characteristics and difference of the two groups by using SPSS/WIN 12.0. For mean and standard deviation, descriptive statistical analysis was used. T-test was used to determine the difference of the oral discomfort scores. Result : The study has shown that the Oral Assessment Guide score of the experimental group has decreased more with more regularity. On the third day, the score of the control group is 20.16 and the score of the experimental group was 18.75, which showed a statistically significant difference with the level of significance of p<0.05. Oral Discomfort Score of the control group's score was 13.60 on the first day and 6.80 on the seventh day and the experimental group's score was 13.00 on the first day and 2.25 on the seventh day. The experimental group's score 2.25 is statistically significantly lower than the control group's score of 6.80 with the level of significance of p<0.05. Conclusions : The HRHDT gargling solution showed more regular effectiveness compared to Chlorohexidin solution on chemotherapy-caused stomatitis. Therefore this study has shown that HRHDT gargling solution can be used as an alternative medicine.

• Journal of Agricultural Extension & Community Development
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• v.8 no.1
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• pp.25-40
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• 2001

The purposes of the study were to identify satisfaction and achievement of learning by female learner's characteristics, and to suggest measures to improve quality of education in internet education programs. In order to determine the educational effectiveness associated with the characteristics of learners, this study attempted to employ two way approaches by observing the degree of achievement for learning, which represents an instructor-oriented approach, and the degree of satisfaction for education, which represents a learner-oriented approach to enhance the quality of internet education for female learners. As an approach to evaluate the educational effectiveness, the degree of achievement in learning(Tyler's classical approach), and the degree of satisfaction for education (Scriven's consumer-oriented evaluation model) were utilized. A survey form was developed by the researcher after reviewing the various tools originated from Boshier, Cross, Gagne and Choi, and distributed to a panel of judges that examined the content validity of the instrument. The sample for the study consisted of 160 female learners from three universities in Seoul and capital area, and the survey form was used to collect data for this study. The SPSS WIN program was used in analyzing the data and a series of statistical tests were conducted including frequency, percentile, t-test, ANOVA, correlation, multiple regression, and factor analysis. The statistical significance level was 0.05. The following conclusion were drawn from this study of female internet education. First, it was evident that female internet learners tend to utilize information from internet, and this can be interpreted as participants' positive attitude, and voluntary participation. Second, educational facilities and services should be improved in the future, because the level of satisfaction was low in these areas compared to curriculum and educational methodology. Third, the participating factors influenced by the level of satisfaction for education of learner characteristics were the 'formation of inter-personal relationship and willingness to change' and the 'needs for education on internet', thus appeared that both social and educational needs influenced the level of satisfaction for education. Fourth, the degree of achievement in learning was higher in the order of 1) attitude 2) function 3) knowledge, thus, attitude change was the most important in achievement of learning. Fifth, the individual background that influenced the level of achievement in learning were age and educational experience. As for the individual level of achievement for learning, the younger and more educated group were more satisfied.

• Journal of agricultural medicine and community health
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.327-341
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• 2000

Objectives : This study is to evaluate the status of health promotion behaviors and life styles in rural areas. Methods : A self-administered questionnaire survey was carried out for 1,350(men 461 persons, women ; 889 persons) people in rural areas ages of 30 years and older in Buk-myun, Uljn-Gun and Kikye-myun, Pohang-City, Kyungsangbuk-Do from March 13 to 25 in 1999. We established health promoting scores by using data results. Collected data was analyzed through the chi-square trend test, Student's t-test, ANOVA and multiple comparison. The data was analyzed using a SPSS/win statistical package. Results The age-adjusted prevalence of individual health promoting behavior by sex was 39.4% in men and 94.0% in women in regard to non smoking 39.4% and 92.5% in non-drinking 17.2% and 13.1% in physical exercise on a regular basis 79.8% and 80.0% in a regular diet 81.6% and 75.6% in maintaining desirable body mass index 81.2% and 78.2% in sufficient physical rest 84.2% and 82.1% in sufficient mental rest 48.4% and 40.6% in supplemental intake for health. The age-adjusted proportion for a screening examination in stomach cancer by sex was 39.9% in men and 37.1% in women 31.8% and 28.0% in liver cancer 17.0% and 12.7% in colon cancer 37.0% and 31.0% in undergoing a medical health screening. The health promoting scores were statistically significant, higher in the younger aged women's group(p<0.01). In spite of very low health promoting scores, some men thought of themselves healthy. Conclusions : The health promoting scores showed a gradual improvement as ages in men increase. Although men in ages of 30 to 40 were found to have lower scores in their health promoting scores, they were still to believe that none of health status is problematic. However, it was shown a vice-versa effect in women. They thought of their health as in a bad condition, but in measurement scores outranked their personal beliefs. In general, as ages increase one tends to consider of his or her health status poor. Therefore the plans for health improvement are needed to be come up.

• Korean Journal of Hospice Care
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.42-55
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• 2003

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on spiritual well-being and depression level of the hospice patients. Method: The subjects for this study were collected from 62 patients who were admitted in the hospice care unit from July 28, 2002 to October 31, 2002 in D city K hospital. Subjects were 31 members of the experimental group and 31 members of the control group. It was devised with a nonequivalent control group pretest-posttest design. The spiritual nursing intervention was given by using the therapeutic use of self, Scripture, prayer, Hymn and music, use of church community involvement and refer to pastors according to assessment of patients' spiritual need for 3 weeks(total 12 times and 1 hour per each intervention). Sangsoon Choi(1990) and Jungho Kang(1996)'s spiritual well-being scale, which was modified from Palautzian and Ellison(1982)'s spiritual well-being scale, was used to investigate patients' spiritual well-being. To investigate level of depression, OkHyun Song(1977)'s Depression Scale, which was modified from Zung(1965)'s Depression Inventory, was used. Data were analyzed by x2-test, t-test, Repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: 1.The 1st hypothesis, 'total spiritual well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=6.28, p=0.015, Interaction: p=0.000). 2.The 1-1st sub-hypothesis, 'religious well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=12.75, p=0.001, Interaction: p=0.000). 3.The 1-2nd sub-hypothesis, 'existential well-being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=6.87, p=0.016, Interaction: p=0.000). 4.The 2nd hypothesis, 'depression level in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be lower than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=10.45, p=0.002, Interaction: p=0.000). Conclusion: From the above results, spiritual nursing intervention was an effective program to improve spiritual well-being state and decrease depression level for the hospice patients. In the future, when the spiritual intervention, which the researcher developed, applied on nursing field, the hospice patients can have comprehensive well being including spiritual well being and peaceful dying life.

• Health Policy and Management
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• v.19 no.4
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• pp.121-139
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• 2009

Objectives : The purpose of this study was to investigate regional commitment index(RGI) of hospital in Korea, and the relationship RGI and hospital characteristics, such as foundation, region, size. Therefore, we are to suggest fundamental information to make and evaluate healthcare resource policy in hospital- and government-level. Methods : The 'Patient Survey 2002(administered by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare(MOHW)' was analyzed. We selected the patient data of the hospitals above 100 beds. Then, we calculated the RGI, number of same cases divided by all cases in each hospital. By using SPSS/win ver 14.0, statistical analysis such as t-test, ANOVA, correlational and regression analysis was carried out. Results : The results are as follows. 1. Overall mean and standard deviation of RGI were revealed as 0.805${\pm}$0.225 in inpatients, and 0.871${\pm}$0.184 in outpatient. The median of inpatients' and outpatients' RGI were 0.890 and 0.933. The RGI of inpatients of private hospitals were revealed significantly higher than that of the public(public: 0.727, private: 0.822). However, outpatients' RGI was not revealed as significantly different. 2. The RGI of general specialty hospitals were significantly lower than others, therefore we could think that more inpatients and outpatients of general specialty hospitals flowed in from others province or metropolitan cities than other hospital types. 3. The RGI of hospitals holding above 400 beds were significantly lower than others in inpatients and outpatients. 5. The RGI of hospitals were significantly different among sixteen province and metropolitan cities. The RGI inpatients of Gwangju and Daejon metropolitan city were lowest sub-group(0.659, 0.664), and the RGI inpatients of Jeju was revealed as highest, 0.979. 6. Available beds, total doctors, and total employees were negatively correlated with RGI of inpatients and outpatients. 7. The significant influencing factors to RGI of inpatients and outpatients were appeared samely such as available beds, wide healthcare region, hospital size, and foundation type. Conclusions : It is considered that RGI of hospital represent competitive power in healthcare market. Also, the competitive advantage and quality of hospital clustered by characteristics could made out by RGI. Therefore, the results of this study would be useful to develop and evaluate hospital policy of individual hospital or local government.

• Journal of Hospice and Palliative Care
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.75-84
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• 2014

Purpose: This study was conducted to explore predictors of health status of family caregivers of hospice patients. Methods: This study included 118 family caregivers of patients who were admitted to the hospice ward of three general hospitals in D city. The collected data were analyzed by frequency, percentage, t-test, one-way ANOVA, Pearson's correlation coefficients, and stepwise multiple regression using the SPSS WIN 18.0 program. Results: The mean score for overall health of family caregivers was 2.68 (${\pm}0.42$). Mean scores for variables related to health were 2.55 (${\pm}0.37$) for sleep quality, 1.91 (${\pm}0.41$) for anxiety and 2.78 (${\pm}0.33$) for hope. Variables such as sleep quality, gender, anxiety and hope explained 59.8% of variance among family caregivers' health conditions. Conclusion: These results suggest the need for nurses to search for ways to promote health of hospice patients' family caregivers, such as improving the quality of sleep, easing their anxiety and encouraging hope.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.132-144
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• 2004

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to elucidate the effects of spiritual nursing intervention on the spiritual well being and depression levels of hospice patients. Method: The data for this study were collected from 62 patients who were admitted to the hospice care unit from July 28, 2002 to October 31, 2002 in D city K hospital. Subjects were 31 members of the experimental group and 31 members of the control group. It was devised with a nonequivalent control group pretest posttest design. The spiritual nursing intervention was given by using the therapeutic use of self. Scripture. prayer. Hymn and music. use of church community involvement and referrals to pastors according to the assessment of patients' spiritual needs for 3 weeks(total 12 times and 1 hour per each intervention). Sangsoon Choi (1990) and Jungho Kang(1996)'s spiritual well being scale. which was modified from Palautzian and Ellison (1982)'s spiritual well being scale, was used to investigate patients' spiritual well being. To investigate the level of depression. OkHyun Song(1977)'s Depression Scale, which was modified from Zung(1965)'s Depression Inventory, was used. Data were analyzed by $x^2$-test. t-test. and repeated measures ANOVA with SPSS/Win 10.0 program. Results: 1. The 1st hypothesis. 'total spiritual well being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported (F=6.28, p=0.015, Interaction: p=0.000). 2. The 1 lst sub hypothesis, 'religious well being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=12.75, p=0.001 Interaction: p=0.000). 3. The 1 2nd sub hypothesis, 'existential well being score in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be higher than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported(F=6.87, p=0.016, Interaction: p=0.000). 4. The 2nd hypothesis, 'depression level in the experimental group, who received the spiritual nursing intervention, will be lower than the control group who did not receive the spiritual nursing intervention' was supported (F=10.45, p=0.002, Interaction: p=0.000). Conclusion: From the above results, spiritual nursing intervention was an effective program to improve the spiritual well being state and decrease the depression levels of the hospice patients. In the future, with spiritual intervention. which the researcher developed, is applied in the nursing field, the hospice patients can have comprehensive well being including spiritual well being and die peacefully.

• Research in Community and Public Health Nursing
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.277-288
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• 2004

Purpose: This study was to provide basic information for preventing high school students from smoking by examining their actual smoking condition and their knowledge and attitude about smoking. Method: The subjects were 515 students selected from six(6), high schools in Jecheon. Data were collected using a questionnaire from the 1st to the 17th of December 2002. The author prepared the tool by modifying the scale of knowledge and attitude about smoking developed by Moon(2001). Data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN program using frequencies, percentages, $x^2$-test, t-test, ANOVA. Duncan test and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Result: 1. The percentage of ex-smoking students was 29.9% of male students and 18.6% of female ones. The percentage of currently smoking students was 23.9% of male students and 3.0% of female ones. The percentage of non-smoking students was 46.2% of male students and 78.4% of female ones, 2. There were not significant differences in smoking knowledge according to smoking status in male and female students. 3. There were significant differences in smoking attitude according to smoking status in male(F=32.70, p=.000) and female(F=11.15, p=.000) students. 4. In smoking status according to general characteristics, there were significant differences according to the type of school($x^2$=32.93, p=.000), grade($x^2$=11.91, p=.018), educational level of the father($x^2$=30.52, p=.000) and the mother($x^2$=14.23, p=.027), monthly allowance($x^2$=17.19, p=.028), harmony of family members($x^2$=15.23, p=.019), school life($x^2$=26.96, p=.00l) and school record($x^2$=30.24, p=.000). 5. In smoking status according to smoking-related characteristics, there were significant differences according to experience in cigarette purchase($x^2$=150.04. p=.000), experience in errands for cigarette($x^2$=20.00, p=.000), knowledge of cigarette price($x^2$=72.52, p=.000), close friends' smoking($x^2$=107.41. p=.000) and smoking of brothers and sisters($x^2$=16.97, p=.002). 6. There were significant correlation between knowledge and attitude about smoking in the whole students(r=.337. p=.000), ex-smokers(r=.324. p=.000), non-smokers(r=.369. p=.000) but there was not a significant correlation between knowledge and attitude about smoking in current smokers(r=.128. p=.30l). Conclusion: Smoking prevention education should considered students' smoking status. Current smokers need smoking prevention education aiming to change their attitude toward smoking in order for them to reduce smoking and to practice smoking cessation.