• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.35 no.3
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• pp.165-171
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• 2002

TiN coating were deposited onto different WC-Co substrates using arc ion plating (AIP) technique. The structure and morphology for the deposited coating were characterized by x-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adhesion behavior of the deposited TiN coating was investigated with a conventional scratch test. Effects of WC particle size and Co content on the adhesion strength between the deposited TiN coating and substrate were studied. During the scratch test, the value of critical load was dependent of WC particle size and Co content on substrate. As the WC particle size and Co content on substrate decreased, the critical load increased. The highest critical load, approximately 110N, was obtained at WC particle size of 1$\mu\textrm{m}$ and Co content of 10wt.%.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2009

The degree of WC decomposition and hardness of thermally sprayed WC-Co coatings are important factors determining the wear resistance of the coatings. In order to minimize the degree of decomposition and to increase hardness, the effects of processing parameters of high velocity oxyfuel(HVOF) spraying on various characteristics of nanostructured WC-12Co coating have been evaluated by an experimental design method. The HVOF sprayed WC-12Co coatings consisted of various carbide phases including WC, $W_2C$ and $W_3Co_3C$, with a much reduced carbon content. The degree of WC decomposition and decarburization was affected by changing barrel length and spray distance. The hardness of WC-Co coatings was strongly related to droplet temperature at substrate, and increased with increasing fuel addition and/or decreasing spray distance. The effective control of processing parameters was discussed in detail for manufacturing a high performance WC-Co coating.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.6
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• pp.40-44
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• 2014

The purpose of this paper is to investigate polarization characteristics of WC-based alloy coatings in alkaline solution. The coatings were fabricated with WC-CrC-Ni, WC-Co-Cr and WC-Co composite powders by HVOF process. Corrosion tests of coatings and substrate were carried out using potentiostat/galvanostat at solution with pH 8 and pH 13. Corrosion potential(Ecorr) and corrosion current density(Icorr) could be studied from polarization curve, and corrosion behavior was analyzed by SEM and EDS. WC-Co-Cr coating and WC-CrC-Ni coating showed more favorable anti-corrosion characteristics than WC-Co coating and substrate at solution with pH 8 and pH 13.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.39 no.3
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• pp.115-120
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• 2006

The codeposition behavior of WC particles from an additive-free nickel sulfate and sulfamate solution has been investigated. Electroplating of Ni/WC composites was carried out at different current density with variation of WC particle size. The Guglielmi adsorption mechanism is applied to the electroplating of the fine WC in Ni matrix. The contents of WC in Ni composite coating were increased both by increasing current density and WC concentration in the bath. The hardness of Ni/WC composite coating at low current density is higher than that at high current density since finer WC particles dispersed through the coating. The codeposition behaviors of Co coated WC particles were also investigated. Conducting layer of particles promoted the codeposition behavior of Ni/WC-Co composite coatings.

• Journal of the Korean institute of surface engineering
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• v.40 no.4
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• pp.170-174
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• 2007

High Velocity Oxygen Fuel (HVOF) thermal spray coating of nano size WC-Co powder (nWC-Co) has been studied as one of the most promising candidate for the possible replacement of the traditional hard plating in some area which causes environmental and health problems. nWC-Co powder was coated on Inconel 718 substrates by HVOF technique. The optimal coating process obtained from the best surface properties such as hardness and porosity is the process of oxygen flow rate (FR) 38 FMR, hydrogen FR 57 FMR and feed rate 35 g/min at spray distance 6 inch for both surface temperature $25^{\circ}C\;and\;500^{\circ}C$. In coating process a small portion of hard WC decomposes to less hard $W_2C$, W and C at the temperature higher than its decomposition temperature $1,250^{\circ}C$ resulting in hardness decrease and porosity increase. Friction coefficient increases with increasing coating surface temperature from 0.55-0.64 at $25^{\circ}C$ to 0.65-0.76 at $500^{\circ}C$ due to the increase of adhesion between coating and counter sliding surface. Hardness of nWC-Co is higher or comparable to those of other hard coatings, such as $Al_2O_3,\;Cr,\;Cr_2O_3$ and HVOF Tribaloy 400 (T400). This shows that nWC-Co is recommendable for durability improvement coating on machine components such as high speed spindle.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.08a
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• pp.193-193
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• 2011

Strong adhesion of a silicon carbide (SiC) coating to a WC-Co substrate was achieved through an ion beam mixing technique and the corrosion resistance of the SiC coated WC-Co was investigated by means of a potentiodynamic electrochemical test. In a 1 M NaOH solution, the corrosion current density of SiC-coated WC-Co after heat treatment at 500$^{\circ}C$ was about 50 times lower than that for the as-received WC-Co. In addition, the corrosion resistance systematically increases with increasing the SiC coating thickness. On the other hand, for a 0.5 M H2SO4 solution, the corrosion current density for SiC-coated WC-Co was about 3 times lower than that for the as-received WC-Co. We discuss the physical reasons for the changes in the corrosion current density with the different electrolytes.

• Journal of Welding and Joining
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.101-108
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• 1996

In this study, WC-l7wt% Co composite powder for thermal spray was fabricated by spray drying method. The agglomerated composite powder had spheroidal morphology and the particle size distribution was 20~60${\mu}{\textrm}{m}$. WC and Co were distributed homogeneously. However, the strength of the spray-dried agglomerate was low due to the pores within the agglomerate. Therefore, the spray-dried agglomerate was broken down during HVOF thermal spray and the microstructure was inhomogeneous with many pores within the coating layer. And the decomposition of WC to W and $W_{6}$ $C_{2.54}$ was accelerated. The strength and flowability of the agglomerate were greatly improved by sintering heat treatment(110$0^{\circ}C$, 1 hour, hi atmosphere), and then the coating layer showed dense and homogeneous microstructure with well-developed splats. The hardness of the coating layer was H $v_{300}$ = 1072.2.2.

• Journal of Powder Materials
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• v.25 no.5
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• pp.408-414
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• 2018

This study investigates the microstructure and wear properties of cermet (ceramic + metal) coating materials manufactured using high velocity oxygen fuel (HVOF) process. Three types of HVOF coating layers are formed by depositing WC-12Co, WC-20Cr-7Ni, and Cr3C2-20NiCr (wt.%) powders on S45C steel substrate. The porosities of the coating layers are $1{\pm}0.5%$ for all three specimens. Microstructural analysis confirms the formation of second carbide phases of $W_2C$, $Co_6W_6C$, and $Cr_7C_3$ owing to decarburizing of WC phases on WC-based coating layers. In the case of WC-12Co coating, which has a high ratio of $W_2C$ phase with high brittleness, the interface property between the carbide and the metal binder slightly decreases. In the $Cr_3C_2-20CrNi$ coating layer, decarburizing almost does not occur, but fine cavities exist between the splats. The wear loss occurs in the descending order of $Cr_3C_2-20NiCr$, WC-12Co, and WC-20Cr-7Ni, where WC-20Cr-7Ni achieves the highest wear resistance property. It can be inferred that the ratio of the carbide and the binding properties between carbide-binder and binder-binder in a cermet coating material manufactured with HVOF as the primary factors determine the wear properties of the cermet coating material.

• Proceedings of the KWS Conference
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• 2004.05a
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• pp.311-313
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• 2004

WC-12-17%Co powders with nano- and micro-structures were deposited by cold spray process using nitrogen and helium gases. The results show that there is no detrimental phase transformation and/or decarburization of WC by cold spray deposition as expected. It is also observed that nano-sized WC in the feedstock powder is maintained in the cold spray deposition. It is demonstrated that it is possible to fabricate the nano-structured WC-Co coating with low porosity and very high hardness (-2050 HV) by cold spray deposition with reasonable powder preheating.

• Journal of Power System Engineering
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.72-77
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• 2014

The aim of this study to investigate polarization characteristics of WC-based alloy coatings fabricated by high velocity oxygen fuel(HVOF) process. The coatings were fabricated by HVOF process with WC-CrC-Ni, WC-Co-Cr, WC-Co composite powders. Corrosion tests were carried out using potentiostat/galvanostat at solution with pH 2 and pH 6. Corrosion potential(Ecorr) and corrosion current density(Icorr) could be analyzed from polarization curve. WC-Co-Cr coating showed more incorrodible characteristics than other coatings at solution pH 2. WC-CrC-Ni coating was more favorable anti-corrosion characteristics than other coatings at solution with pH 6.