• Proceedings of the Korea Technical Association of the Pulp and Paper Industry Conference
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• 2000.04a
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• pp.55-55
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• 2000

Cylinder machine usually gives more fiber orientation than fourdrinier and has limitation in machine speed because of fiber wash-off caused by centrifugal force in case of adding machine speed. This study aimed at improvement of paper formation and higher productivity by setting up an apron in vat inlet and by adjustment of mould water head. As results, there were improvement of formation and increase of machine speed, which ultimately improve productivity. Setting up an apron successfully decreased fiber wash-off. Fiber orientation and two-sideness of ash distribution became less severe. These results could lead to better dimension stabilities in the CD through mitigation of fiber orientation and also could result in less curl from two-sideness of paper. The proper adjustment of water head inside the cylinder mould proved to be important factor not only in paper formation but also in decreasing paper two-sideness.

• Magazine of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers
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• v.12 no.4
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• pp.2078-2083
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• 1970

The purpose of this study is to give the data neccesary for improving the planning of drainage structures, specially inverted siphons, in irrigation channels. With the samples of 15 drainage inlets, one drainage flume, 16 drainage inverted siphons and 6 drainage culverts in the 3 lines of irrigation channel under Chong-Won Irrigation Association, author abtained the following results. 1. It is presumed that design drainage discharge should be determined with some additional reserves, on the basis of the maximum rainfall intensity in local area and the size of drainage area on the topographical map, avoiding the way of eye measure. 2. Location of drainage inlet should be kept away from the place where topography can make lots of wash load, but when unavoidably allowing the inflow into irrigation channel, wash load outlet with even the purpose of drainage, or drainage flume in stead of drainage inlet should be taken account of. 3. It is presumed that drainage flume may be the structure which can perform its function from a structural point of view as far as topography permits. 4. Drainage inverted siphon should be avoided at any place as much as possible; a) In case that location of the siphon would be permitted only at paddy field, drainage area hauing the amount of discharge which requires more than 90cm in diameter could only be allowed. b) In this case, crest elevation of the tank of both inlet and outlet, at least, should not be lower than the surface level of paddy field. c) As far as topography and stratum permit, ratio of depth of outlet tank to head drop should be decreased as much as possible so that discharging efficiency of wash load could increase. d) In case of avoiding the setting of the siphon, irrigation aqueduct, irrigation inverted siphon, or drainage flume should be recommended in accordance with topography. 5. Discharging capability of wash load by drainage culvert appeared to depend hardly upon the diameter of the culvert, but greatly upon the location, specially near village, for there stones and dirts dumped may considerably be piled up. So, a counter plan for that is required.

• Analytical Science and Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.799-806
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• 1995

In industrial field, a large volume of regenerants (acid and caustic soda) and their washing effluents are regularly disposed off from the water demineralization plant during regeneration of the ion-exchanger units. Of these waste effluents, a part of the wash water discharged from the single bed Anion and Mixed Bed units can be utilized at a certain stage of their washing cycles when its conductivity is fallen down and becomes considerably less than that of the input raw water. The main aim of this specific waste effluent utilization is to dilute the TDS concentration of the input raw water (fed into the single bed ion-exchanger units) by blending. The achievement is the increase of the longevity of the production cycles of the I.E. units along with the improvement of the production quality and decrease of the regeneration frequencies. As a result, regenerant consumption would be saved because of the reduction of ionic load in feed water which will ultimately reduce the water purification cost. At the same time, the environment pollution will also be protected to a considerable extent. This operational measure is quite effective and useful specially where high TDS water is demineralized only by single bed ion-exchangers. In such case, the water treatment plant is very often found to suffer from both production quality and quantity in addition to carrying out of random and restless regenerations. Proper reuses of the aforesaid wash water effluents of the Anion and MB units excellently minimizes the difficulties experienced in practice. This paper contains the utilities and techniques of reuses of the different kinds of waste effluents of the industrial water treatment plant in addition to the specific reuses of the post-regeneration wash waters of the Anion and MB ion-exchanger units.

• The Journal of Korean Academy of Prosthodontics
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.622-632
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• 2005

Statement of problem: Silicone Index Tooth Tray impression system which does not use gingicord has a shortcoming. It takes time to remove internal wall of Silicone Index Tooth Tray for space of wash impression material. Purpose: This study was to evaluate whether providing certain space to impression body can prevent from doing complicated laboratory work. Material and methods: After mounting metal dies with shoulder and chamfer margins arbiturarily, SITT was produced using $Blu-mousse^(R)$. In one experimental group, wash impression was taken using $Fit-tester^(R)$ without removing interior surface of SITT and in the other group, wash impression was taken using $Fit-tester^(R)$ providing 0.5mm space in the SITT and then compared the differences in two groups. Results: 1. There was no significant difference between a group which did not allow space and a group which granted equal 0.5mm space. 2. There was no significant difference between gingival diameter, occlusal diameter of metal die that has shoulder margin and gingival diameter, occlusal diameter of metal die that has chamfer margin. 3. There was no significant difference between a group which did not take pick-up impression and a group which took pick-up impression through relining method using SITT 4. There was no significant difference between a group that poured immediately after taking primary impression and a group that poured after removing poured stone die. Conclusions: When taking an impression of an abutment using SITT impression system, it is considered to obtain clinically identical results between a group that did not grant a 0.5mm space within SITT for wash impression and a group which invest a space. Furthermore, it is considered possible to produce an individual die through secondary pouring.

• Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment
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• v.7 no.1
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• pp.1-7
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• 2013

To establish the method for investigating the behavior of aerosol particles deposited on the leaf surface against fog water under natural conditions, scanning electron microscopy with energy-dispersive X-ray (SEM-EDX) analysis and wash water analysis by ion chromatography after the washing treatment were performed using leaves of white birch collected from low part of the tree crown and the top of the tree in Sapporo City, Hokkaido, northern Japan. Each of collected leaves was divided into two parts according to the treatment performed: leaf surface (adaxial side) was 1) untreated, and 2) washed with deionized water with a pipette. In untreated samples, many particles of various shapes, including soil particles and organic debris, were deposited on the surface. Particles containing S were found on the surface of samples collected from only low part of the tree crown. After the washing treatment, SEM-EDX analysis revealed that soil particles and particles containing S had been washed off with water, although some particles such as soil particles and organic debris still remained on the leaf surface. The major anion such as $SO{_4}^{2-}$ was detected in wash water of all samples, although the peak of S in X-ray spectra was not detected from samples collected at top of the tree. The combination of SEM-EDX analysis with wash water analysis indicated that $SO{_4}^{2-}$ was deposited on the leaf surface in dissolved state and/or in state of submicron particles. These results suggested that fog water could remove soil particles and particles containing S and $SO{_4}^{2-}$ from the leaf surfaces, but not all particles. There was no difference in sampling position in the tree crown. Our study suggested that combination with SEM-EDX analysis and wash water analysis would be effective for investigation of the behavior of particles on the leaf surface against fog water.

• Journal of the Korean Chemical Society
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.65-78
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• 2006

study identified secondary school chemistry major teachers' perceptions of sublimation related to the drying phenomenon of frozen wash and representation of the phenomenon on phase diagram. The subjects were 53 teachers for the questionnaire developed for this study, and interviews. The two professors who majored physical chemistry and one professor who majored analytical chemistry at teacher's college were interviewed for teacher educators' perceptions of sublimation. The results showed that forty one teachers among fifty three teachers thought that the drying phenomenon was sublimation. The most teachers who thought that the phenomenon was sublimation responded as a reason that solid state changes to gas state. The teachers who thought that the phenomenon was not sublimation responded as a reason that the 1 atm of air pressure was not the condition of sublimation. Seventeen teachers thought that the drying phenomenon of frozen wash could be represented on phase diagram, but thirty four teachers thought that it could not. But most teachers confused the scientific representation of the phenomenon, and felt difficulties to teach the contents to students.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.11 no.5
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• pp.206-214
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• 2021

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of face wash with ginseng cold process (CP) soap. In order to remove external environmental factors, skin changes were examined immediately after 10 minutes of face wash. The same water and towel were used at the same place. As a control group, the cases of washing with water without using cleanser and with foam cleanser (F/C), which is a popular commercial product, were set. In the case of water washing, there was a significant decrease in pores and pigmentation, but the significance was small. In the case of F/C washing, there was a very significant decrease in pores and pigmentation, but the loss of moisture was rapid. In the case of ginseng cp soap, pores and pigmentation were significantly reduced, while moisture loss was negligible. Ginseng cp soap is considered as a form of face wash that is suitable for skin care.

• The Journal of Korean Medicine Ophthalmology and Otolaryngology and Dermatology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.124-131
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• 2008

Objectives : The aim of this study was conducted to test dry infant skin by external application with herbs in cosmetics. Methods : A total of 25 infants who visited Daegu Hanny Oriental Medical Center from March 5th, 2008 to May 18th, 2008 were included in this study. In this study, they were treated with the cosmetic products(body wash, rotion, cream) containing herbs. For 4 weaks skin moisture content was measured by corneometer ClVI825. And satisfaction after using body wash, rotion, cream was checked. Results : There were no significant differences on sex and age. Change of skin moisture content between before treatment and after treatment (2, 4 weeks) showed significant changes(p<0.05). Satisfaction after using body wash, rotion, cream was near good. Conclusions : Considering the above results, we have concluded that cosmetics containing herbs have the remarkable effect on infant skin mosturizing.

• Journal of the Korea Computer Graphics Society
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.1-10
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• 2011

The general technique of ink-and-wash drawing consists of brush, ink and paper modeling and brush movement, ink diffusion and paper material simulation. In this paper, we suggest the simplified Qing's tank model that can decrease the computational time of ink diffusion and absorption on korean paper. The suggested drawing system is classified the characteristics of ink-and-wash into ink-shade, diffusion, line and paper. Also, the user's movement using motion sensor and IR sensor in wiimote is transmitted to brush position and direction.

• Textile Coloration and Finishing
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.110-117
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• 2010

Recently, there is a trend to utilize natural dyes in many dyeing fields. In this work, the effects of benzyl alcohol in human hair dyeing with cochineal, a natural dye, was investigated. We investigated the K/S value and color value of dyed hair, water retention of dyed hair, protein release-ability of dyed hair, and wash fastness of dyed hair according to dyeing time and temperature. The shade of dyed hair was reddish. By adding benzyl alcohol in cochineal dyeing, the dyeing rate was increased and the dyeing equilibrium was established at early stage. The water retention of dyed hair was increased and the protein release-ability of dyed hair was decreased, meaning that the hair was less damaged during dyeing, The dyed hair showed a good wash fastness.