• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.31 no.4
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• pp.703-710
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• 2014

The following is the study result of herbal tea roasted at different temperatures between $80{\sim}140^{\circ}C$. Depending on treatment temperature the water content decreased, some carbonization occurred and crude ash content relatively increased. Also crude protein and crude fat decreased little. Solid elution rate of herbal tea showed 0.15~0.32%(w/w) and the rate of solid elution decreased with higher roasting temperature. There was no big change in $80{\sim}110^{\circ}C$ treatment section but the solid elution decreased rapidly in $110{\sim}140^{\circ}C$ section. The reason for decreasing solid elution rate at higher treatment temperature is because the compact inner tissue makes elution difficult. Benzopyrene content (0.29~0.51ppb) showed a tendency to increase with higher treating temperature. From this result, the $B({\alpha})P$ content differed depending on the treatment temperature and raw materials. In case of roasting, the actual inside temperature is around $200^{\circ}C$ but since the surface temperature of the roaster reaches around $2000^{\circ}C$ some portion of $B({\alpha})P$ content was presumed to be produced from the area that came in contact with this surface. When the processing which is a main component of food carbohydrate, protein, fat reason despite serve heat treatment as a whole is to be detected even though the $B({\alpha})P$ in this way is considered to be.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• v.49 no.4
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• pp.459-470
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• 2007

Domestically, finishing pigs are marketed at 110 kg on an average. However, it is thought to be feasible to increase the market weight to 120kg or greater without decreasing the carcass quality, because most domestic pigs for pork production have descended from lean-type lineages. The present study was undertaken to investigate the growth efficiency and profitability of ‘high’-market wt pigs and the physicochemical characteristics and consumers' acceptability of the high-wt carcass. A total of 96 (Yorkshire × Landrace) × Duroc-crossbred gilts and barrows were fed a finisher diet ad laibtum in 16 pens beginning from 90-kg BW, after which the animals were slaughtered at 110kg (control) or ‘high’ market wt (135 and 125kg in gilts & barrows, respectively) and their carcasses were analyzed. Average daily gain and gain:feed did not differ between the two sex or market wt groups, whereas average daily feed intake was greater in the barrow and high market wt groups than in the gilt and 110-kg market wt groups, respectively(P<0.01). Backfat thickness of the high-market wt gilts and barrows corrected for 135 and 125-kg live wt, which were 23.7 and 22.5 mm, respectively, were greater (P<0.01) than their corresponding 110-kg counterparts(19.7 & 21.1 mm). Percentages of the trimmed primal cuts per total trimmed lean (w/w), except for that of loin, differed statistically (P<0.05) between two sex or market wt groups, but their numerical differences were rather small. Crude protein content of the loin was greater in the high vs. 110-kg market group (P<0.01), but crude fat and moisture contents and other physicochemical characteristics including the color of this primal cut were not different between the two sexes or market weights. Aroma, marbling and overall acceptability scores were greater in the high vs. 110-kg market wt group in sensory evaluation for fresh loin (P<0.01); however, overall acceptabilities for cooked loin, belly and ham were not different between the two market wt groups. Marginal profits of the 135- and 125-kg high-market wt gilt and barrow relative to their corresponding 110-kg ones were approximately -35,000 and 3,500 wons per head under the current carcass grading standard and price. However, if it had not been for the upper wt limits for the A- and B-grade carcasses, marginal profits of the high market wt gilt and barrow would have amounted to 22,000 and 11,000 wons per head, respectively. In summary, 120～125-kg market pigs are likely to meet the consumers' preference better than the 110-kg ones and also bring a profit equal to or slightly greater than that of the latter even under the current carcass grading standard. Moreover, if only the upper wt limits of the A- & B-grade carcasses were removed or increased to accommodate the high-wt carcass, the optimum market weights for the gilt and barrow would fall upon their target weights of the present study, i.e. 135 and 125 kg, respectively.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers Conference
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• 1996.11a
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• pp.49-53
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• 1996

Crystal structures of N $a_{x}$W $O_3$(0.5$\leq$x$\leq$1.0) were investigated. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) studies indicate that there is an ordering of sodium ions when x=0.75. The direction of ordering is [110] and the wavelength of ordering is twice of the interplanar distance of (110) plane. It has been confirmed that a superlattice containing eight N $a_{0.75}$W $O_3$is the unit cell of ordered structure. In this unit cell, Na sites at (100) and ($\frac{1}{2}$$\frac{1}{2}$$\frac{1}{2}$) are vacant. The ordered phase was preserved after the annealing at $600^{\circ}C$ in the air. In reduced N $a_{x}$W $O_3$with x=0.5 and 1.0, extra phases were found to coexist with the partially ordered perovskite phase. After annealing at $600^{\circ}C$, theses phases were transformed into the phases found in calcined specimens.ens.s.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.16 no.4
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• pp.594-601
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• 1983

Mediastinal tumors have long fascinated the thoracic surgeon because of their variety and unpredictability of diagnosis prior to exploration. We report the analysis of the 110 cases of mediastinal tumors, experienced in the dept. of the thoracic and cardiovascular surgery of the National Medical Center from December 1959 to August 1983. The age distribution was relatively even and the mean age was 37 years old. The germ cell tumors were 29 cases [31%], the neurogenic tumors were 19 cases [20%], the thymomas were 16 cases [17%], the lymphomas were 8 cases [8.5%], the primary or secondary carcinomas were 11 cases [12%], the bronchogenic and the P.W cysts were 4 cases, the mesenchymal tumors were 3 cases, the TB gangliomas were 3 cases among the 94 cases, histologically analysed. The malignant tumors were 39 cases [41%]. In classified by histological types, the tumor size, location and the clinical manifestations are presented. The successful removal was done in 53 cases [96%] among 55 cases of benign mediastinal tumors. In 39 malignant cases, the surgical intervention had been done in 21 cases [54%], and inoperable cases were 16 [41%], and the operative deaths were 2 cases [5%].

• Explosives and Blasting
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• v.19 no.1
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• pp.101-110
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• 2001

Depleted uranium (DU) outperforms tungsten heavy alloys (WHA) by about 10%. Because of environmental and hence, political concerns, there is a need to improve WHA performance, in order to replace the DU penetrators. A technique of metal powder compaction by the detonation of an explosive has been applied to tungsten-titanium(W-Ti) powder materials that otherwise may be difficult to fabricate conventionally or have dissimilar, nonequilibrium, or unique me1astab1e substructures. However, the engineering properties of compacted materials are not widely reported and are little known especially for the "unique" composition of W-Ti alloy. To develop high-performance tungsten composites with superior ballistic attributes, it is necessary to understand, carefully document controlled experimental results, and develop basic computational models for potential composites with controlled microstructures. A detailed understanding and engineering application of W-Ti alloy can lead to the development of new structural design for engineering components and materials.

• Proceedings of the Korean Vacuum Society Conference
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• 2011.02a
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• pp.86-86
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• 2011

RF magnetron sputtering을 이용하여 RF파워 변화에 따라 GZO 박막을 제작하였다. 박막제작은 유리기판 위에 하였고, 전기적, 광학적 특성을 조사하였다. 박막의 증착시 초기 압력은 $2.0{\times}10^{-6}Torr$, 증착온도는 상온으로 고정하여 증착하였으며, 기판은 Corning 1737 유리 기판을 사용하였다. RF 파워 공정변수는 20W, 50W, 80W, 110W로 변화를 시켰다. 유리기판에 증착된 모든 GZO박막은 200 nm의 두께로 증착되었으며 모든 GZO 박막에서 85% 이상의 투과율을 나타내었다. RF파워가 낮을수록 투과율을 증가하였으며, 광학적 밴드갭 또한 증가하였다. 공정별로 제작된 모든 GZO박막에서 (002)면의 배향성이 관찰되었고, RF파워가 낮을수록 박막의 결정성은 향상되었다. Hall 측정 결과 RF파워가 20W일 때 전기비저항 $1.85{\times}10^{-3}{\Omega}cm$, 전하의 농도 $3.794{\times}10^{20}cm^{-3}$, 이동도 $8.89cm^2V^{-1}s^{-1}$로 전극으로서의 특성을 나타내었다. GZO 박막의 경우 RF 파워가 낮을수록 결정성이 높아지고, 전극의 특성을 갖는 것을 확인할 수 있었다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Magnestics Society Conference
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• 2007.05a
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• pp.18.1-18.1
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• 2007

• Proceedings of the KIEE Conference
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• 2006.10d
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• pp.110-112
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• 2006

본 연구는 소형, 고효율 3kW급 고분자 전해질 연료공급 모듈용 에어블로워 개발에 있어 필수요소인 BLDC형 블로워 모터에 관한 것이다. 에어블로워의 목표출력(50W)에 최적화된 BLDC모터를 설계하기위하여 등가자기회로법과 유한요소법을 이용하였고, 모터를 제작하여 해석결과와 비교 검증하였다.

• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of IIIuminating and Electrical Installation Engineers Conference
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• 2000.11a
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• pp.107-110
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• 2000

This paper deals with the design of the electronic ballast for high pressure sodium lamp, which consists of the ignitor and the resonant converter for driving the lamp. Also it contains PFC(Power Factor Controller) to improve such as power factor, low distortion etc. In this paper, we design the electronic ballast for the 150 watt high pressure sodium lamp.

• Electronics and Telecommunications Trends
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• v.34 no.2
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• pp.110-120
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• 2019

Blockchain enables encrypted, definitive, and immutable records of transactions to be shared and maintained across distributed nodes in peerto-peer networks. Since the establishment of the ISO/TC 307 (Blockchain and distributed ledger technologies (DLT)), Blockchain and DLT have been actively standardized. In this paper, we introduce the international standardization activities and deliverables carried out by ISO, ITU-T, and W3C.