• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2019.10a
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• pp.67-67
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• 2019

Vaccinium oldhamii (V. oldhamii) has been reported to exert a variety of the pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidant activity, anti-cancer activity, and inhibitory activity of ${\alpha}$-amylase and acetylcholinesterase. However, the anti-inflammatory activity of V. oldhamii has not been studied. In this study, we aimed to investigate anti-inflammatory activity of the stem extracts from V. oldhamii, and to elucidate the potential mechanisms in LPS-stimulated RAW264.7 cells. Among VOS, VOL and VOF, the inhibitory effect of NO and PGE2 production induced by LPS was highest in VOS treatment. Thus, VOS was selected for the further study. VOS dose-dependently blocked LPS-induced NO and PGE2 production by inhibiting iNOS and COX-2 expression, respectively. VOS inhibited the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as $IL-1{\beta}$, IL-6 and $TNF-{\alpha}$. In addition, VOS suppressed TRAP activity and attenuated the expression of the osteoclast-specific genes such as NFATc1, c-FOS, TRAP, MMP-9, cathepsin K, CA2, OSCAR and ATPv06d2. VOS inhibited LPS-induced $NF-{\kappa}B$ signaling activation through blocking $I{\kappa}B-{\alpha}$ degradation and p65 nuclear accumulation. VOS inhibited MAPK signaling activation by attenuating the phosphorylation of ERK1/2, p38 and JNK. Furthermore, VOS inhibited ATF2 phosphorylation and blocked ATF2 nuclear accumulation. From these findings, VOS has potential to be a candidate for the development of chemopreventive or therapeutic agents for the inflammatory diseases.

• Mycobiology
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• v.49 no.3
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• pp.258-266
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• 2021

The velvet regulators VosA and VelB are primarily involved in spore maturation and dormancy. Previous studies found that the VosA-VelB hetero-complex coordinates certain target genes that are related to fungal differentiation and conidial maturation in Aspergillus nidulans. Here, we characterized the VosA/VelB-inhibited developmental gene vidD in A. nidulans. Phenotypic analyses demonstrated that the vidD deleted mutant exhibited defect fungal growth, a reduced number of conidia, and delayed formation of sexual fruiting bodies. The deletion of vidD decreased the amount of conidial trehalose, increased the sensitivity against heat stress, and reduced the conidial viability. Moreover, the absence of vidD resulted in increased production of sterigmatocystin. Together, these results show that VidD is required for proper fungal growth, development, and sterigmatocystin production in A. nidulans.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.41 no.4
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• pp.213-217
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• 1998

An assay for cytochrome P450 monooxygenase activity by determination of the products of organophosphate oxidation via inhibition of acetylcholinesterase was described. Extracts from strains of Oryzaephilus surinamensis selected for resistance to chlorpyrifos-methyl (QVOS 102), fenitrothion (VOS F) and malathion (VOS 3), and a standard susceptible strain VOS 48, were incubated with an organophosphate in the presence of a NADPH-generating system and acetylcholinesterase. The degree of inhibition of the acetylchoinesterase activity was converted to manooxygenase activity using standard curves for the inhibition of acetylcholiesterase by chlorpyrifos-methyl-oxon, fenitrooxon and malaoxan. Activity was detectable in VOS 48 and was present at different increased levels with the different organophosphates in the three resistant strains, suggesting that different forms of P450 might be involved in organophosphate oxidation in these insects. The assays were carried out using crude insect homogenates and much smaller samples of insect material than the standard aldrin to dieldrin assay. It should be possible to use the method for determination of monooxygenase activity in single insert.

• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.42 no.1
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• pp.35-43
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• 2002

Cryopreservation is commonly used for an efficient utilization of semen, oocytes and embryos but has disadvantage in the survival, development of the post-thawed eggs. The high risk in the survival, development of eggs after thawing is thought to be caused by inappropriate internal regulation of $Ca^{2+}$ and/or formation of intracellular ice crystals. In this experiment, we tested whether the $Ca^{2+}$ current (iCa), a decisive factor to $Ca^{2+}$ entry, was altered in post-thawed oocytes by using whole cell voltage clamp technique. The quality and survival rates of the oocytes derived from both fresh and frozen groups were examined by morphology and FDA-test. Vitrified oocytes (VOs) were incubated for 4 hr after thawing and then donated to this experiment. Ethyleneglycol-ficoll-galactose (EFG) was used as a cryoprotectant for vitrification. The membrane potential was held at -80 mV and step depolarizations of 250 ms were applied from -50 mV to 50 mV in 10 mV increments. The survival rates showed a higher in VOs vitrified with EFG containing $Ca^{2+}$ than in VOs vitrified with EFG under the $Ca^{2+}$-free condition (82.0% vs 14%). In group with/without $Ca^{2+}$, the survival rates were significantly (P<0.01) difference. In the fresh metaphase II oocytes (FOs), current-voltage (I-V) relationship showed that iCa began to activate at -40 mV and reached its maximum at -10 mV. With same voltage pulses, inward currents were elicited in VOs. I-V relationships observed in VOs were similar to those in FOs. Time constants of activation and inactivation of the inward current shown in VOs were not different to those in FOs. This accordance in I-V relations and time constants in FOs with those in VOs indicates that the inward currents in FOs are unaltered by vitrification and thawing. Therefore, vitrification with EFG does not play as a factor to deteriorate $Ca^{2+}$ entry across the membrane of the oocytes.

• The Journal of Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences
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• v.40 no.2
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• pp.408-418
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• 2015

Virtualizing The Physical Devices And Resources As Well As Conceptual Entities Would Form Vos And Cvos, Which Provides Dynamicity And Intelligence Through Composition And Collaboration For Emergency Services In WoO Based Smart Shopping Mall (WSSM). Semantic Ontology In WoO Platform Supports Dynamic Composition And Collaboration Among Objects, VOs And CVOs To Provide Intelligent Services. This Paper Proposes An Architectural Model Of WoO Platform To Support The Smart Emergency Services In Shopping Mall. A Semantic Ontology Model For Wssm, And Information Reusability And Interoperability Among The Vos And Their Functional Models Have Been Presented.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society of Fisheries Technology Conference
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• 2003.05a
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• pp.227-228
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• 2003

The most important of various merits are the capacity to investigate an total genome for polymorphism and AELP is superior to any other systems in terms of the number of sequences amplified per reaction and its reproducibility(Vos et al., 1995). The AFLP technique provides a novel and very powerful DNA fingerprinting technique for DNAs of origin o. complexity (Vos et at., 1995). (omitted)

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.13D no.7 s.110
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• pp.1009-1016
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• 2006

Under foundational precepts of Grid computing, two important requirements that all Grid application systems should satisfy are to accommodate the dynamic nature of Virtual Organizations (VOs), and to enforce different levels of security among different VOs. For the research described in this paper, we developed two different use-case scenarios addressing the two requirements, and then showed how the requirements can be met by implementing a Grid information retrieval (GIR) system prototype. The dynamic nature of VO applies not only to increasing and decreasing number of users, but also to the dynamically changing requirement of computing power among the different subcomponents that consist in overall system configuration. This implies that a request to increase computing power by a certain subcomponent can be satisfied by other idling subcomponents taking advantage of overall system flexibility. This paper describes how we implemented a Grid IR system using VO and security mechanisms provided by Globus toolkit 3.0, and shows how GIR system scalability and security can be improved for dynamic VOs. In order to manage different VOs, we implemented VO management service (VOMS), and registered it to Globus as an additional service.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.73-83
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• 2010

The scalability of a grid system should be efficiently designed to handle the increasing number of grid users. This paper presents a scalable resource sharing mechanism among virtual organizations (VO) in grid environment by the scalable virtual organizations (SVO). The proposed grid architecture is composed of standard services of a grid system to manage the SVO. We propose a group similarity function which is used to determine similarities among VOs to select the VOs to merge. We compared other similarity functions to the GSF and determined the throughput performance of the SVO using simulation for grid system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Electrical and Electronic Material Engineers
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• v.37 no.3
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• pp.231-240
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• 2024

Titanium dioxide (TiO₂) holds significant scientific and technological relevance as a key photocatalyst and resistive random-access memory, demonstrating unique physicochemical properties and serving as an n-type semiconductor. Understanding the density and arrangement of oxygen vacancies (VOs) is crucial for tailoring TiO₂'s properties to diverse technological needs, driving increased interest in exploring oxygen vacancy complexes and superstructures. In this mini review, we summarize the recent understandings of the fundamental properties of oxygen vacancies in bulk rutile (R-TiO₂) and anatase (A-TiO₂) based on DFT and beyond method. We specifically focus on the excess electrons and their spatial arrangement of disordered single VO in bulk R and A-TiO₂, aligned with the experimental findings. We also highlight the theoretical works on investigating the geometries and stabilities of ordered VOs complexes in bulk TiO₂. This comprehensive review provides insights into the fundamental properties of excess electrons in reduced TiO₂, offering valuable perspectives for future research and technological advancements in TiO₂-based devices.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Marine Environment & Safety
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• v.17 no.4
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• pp.407-412
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• 2011

Even though KMA(Korea Meteorological Administration) has been doing WE-FAX service in past 40 years, most of korean ship's officers use Japan/USA WE-FAX instead of KMA WE-FAX during passage in the NW Pacific. In this regards, the authors carry out the research on the improvement of KMA WE-FAX service, examining the officers's opinions to KMA WE-FAX service along with comparing Korea, Japan & USA synoptic weather charts. As a result, it is suggested that (1) Have KMA WE-FAX service known to the officers in the course of education and training, (2) Persuade ocean-going ships to participate VOS to provide more accurate weather charts. (3) Provide additional weather charts such as Wave analysis, Surface forecast and put useful weather informations on weather charts to enhance navigational safety.