• 한국가정과학회지
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• 제8권1호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2005

The purpose of this study is to develop a program that allows older women to provide voluntary services for child nursing facilities, making those women have more social participation, effectively their spare time and ultimately improve the quality of their life. Results of the study can be described as follows. First, social requests about the use of older women as volunteers for child nursing services were analyzed to show that most people working at child nursing facilities perceived lack in the number of child nursing teachers. Those people recognized the need of using older women as service volunteers for the facilities. They were very positive about such use. Second, it is recommendable that volunteers of child nursing service should be not too much older women, or below 65. Voluntary activities that those women participate include taking care of younger children, reading interesting stories for children, helping works of child homes, teaching manners and living attitudes, instructing dietary etiquettes and cooking. Voluntary service activities should be made 1 to 3 times a week, 1 to 2 hours a time, considering psychological and physical states of older people. Third, such older volunteers should be educated about 6 areas, 'the operation and management of child homes, 'practices', 'child health and safety', 'the quality of child nursing', 'child development and counseling' and 'voluntary service training'. Out of these six areas, 'child health and safety' and 'voluntary service training' are more required to be instructed. such training needs to focus on activities in which older women can actually engage as volunteers. Fourth, it is advisable that the recruitment and management of such volunteers are led by the city and that the development of training programs for voluntary service activities and education of the volunteers are referred to universities.

• 한국정보시스템학회지:정보시스템연구
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• 제30권1호
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• pp.105-121
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• 2021

Purpose Today, through digital services, many people enjoy a conveient and comfortable life. Nevertheless, it is easy to find people in our daily lives who are buried in work without any payment that we did not do before digital services. Such un-payed works under digital environment are called digital shadow works. The purpose of this study is to classification and dynamics of digital shadow works and to suggest research direction. Design/methodology/approach Based on two dimension, voluntary participation ('should' type and 'want' type) and work orientation (management-operation), digital shadow works were classified into four categories - chore, makeup, routine, and quest. Findings In digital shadow work there are four types of dynamics - routine and quest, makeup and chore, makeup and quest, and quest and actions in offline. According to the classification and analysis of dynamics, three research directions in digital shadow work are suggested and discussed- digital shadow works operation mechanism considering dynamics, expansion of existing user theories based on survey method by digital shadow works and social influences by digital shadow works.

• 한국조경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.1-17
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• 2006

This study emphasizes users' participation, a living-transforming visuality, as users have appeared to be a central element of landscape design but ignored before. Also this study tries to propose meaning of extended visuality in contemporary landscape design on the basis of visual criticism on simple perception-and contemplations convention-based landscape design. For these purposes, this study reviews characteristics of visual changes appeared in modern reductionist paintings. In other words, arts can be interpreted in polysemous ways through bodies' experience. Deconstructive concepts derived from the theoretical reviews can be categorized into three including the participation of the users' bodies from a contemplative point of view, textuality and intertextuality, and experiences from works. Those concepts were used to criticize the previous discourse on landscape designs and to analyze various issues in the theories, themes and techniques in contemporary landscape design. The significance of the expanded visuality in contemporary landscape design is that it brings the users' voluntary participation. This structure can serve as a tool to obtain the users' perceptive effects. At the same time, it can be regarded as a process of establishing the relationships between the users and the works. Thus emphasis is placed not only on the influences of the effects structure of the works themselves, but also on the many different dimensions related to the users' bodies. It implies that the meaning of design is not determined by the designer but a product resulted from the voluntary relationships between users and works. These findings lead to ambiguous distinctions between arts everyday life, and eventually to the end of the concepts of formative dichotomous aesthetics and their effectiveness. Finding of this study call for not only redefining the space where landscape design is created and communicated, but also reconsidering the concepts of landscape design and its ontological meanings.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제16권4호
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• pp.211-223
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• 2016

본 연구는 최근 사회복지 실천영역에서 행해지는 프로보노(pro bono)에 대한 탐색적 연구로 지속가능성을 분석하였다. 봉사활동이 범국민의 생활 형태로 확대되기 위해서는 바람직한 방향으로 봉사활동이 활성화 되고 지속되어야 한다. 개인이 보유한 전문지식과 기술을 살려 지역사회에 환원하는 맞춤형 봉사활동인 프로보노는 현시대의 새로운 봉사활동 이라고 할 수 있다. 구체적으로 봉사활동의 지속성이 유지되는 40대 이상의 전문적 지식과 기술을 가진 봉사활동가를 중심으로 프로보노의 지속가능성을 도출해 봄으로써 우리시대가 지향해야 할 봉사활동을 활성화 시키는 방안을 도출하고자 하였다. 프로보노의 지속요인으로는 프로보노 활동의 구체적 의미 및 효과성을 널리 알리는 등 프로보노 활동에 대한 적극적인 홍보, 프로보노를 적극적으로 비영리기관에 유인할 수 있는 역동적 관점의 프로보노 활동의 개발, 프로보노 활동의 다양화 및 세분화의 필요성, 프로보노 활동가들의 맞춤형 재교육 및 관계형성을 위한 자조집단의 구성 및 원조의 필요성이 강조되었다.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• 제27권
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• pp.18-28
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• 1984

In order to improve feed values of Korean agricultural by-products, various treatments including physical, chemical, physicochemical and fermentation were suggested in th is review article. Physical treatments such as chopping, grinding and pelleting reduce partiole size of agricultural by-products, and increase passage rate from the rumen, thus may increase voluntary feed intake and weight gain. Digestibility and voluntary feed intake of straw, rice hull and sawdust, also, may be increased by chemical treatment using sodium hydroxide or ammonia. Especially, because nitrogen content of by-products increase and toxic problem is not posed by ammonia treatment, it's practical usage is recommended in Korea. Silage or fermentation treatment using principles of microbial fermentation may improve palatability of low quality by-products. As mentioned above, it is concluded that various treatments suggested are desirable and improve feed value but may raise several problems. Unfortunately, because cost for installation and products is great and processing work is complicate, farmers are not using well these processing methods until now. Therefore, in order to increase the practical usage at farm level, it is thought that many research works be achieved for efficient process which have simple operation and low installation cost.

• 자동차안전학회지
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.31-38
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• 2015

In the United States, when NHTSA initiates the vehicle defect investigation, the most of automotive manufactures voluntary start their vehicle's recall campaign immediately. However, in the domestic market, NGOs, medias and even the National Assembly complaint the attitude of domestic and foreign makers tendencies of retardation of recall campaign. Also there were criticism for the manufacturer's concealing or downsize of their vehicle defects to the publics. In general, the manufactures may wait until MLIT's decision to recall orders. Therefore, in this study, from the survey of foreign countries legal recall systems and it is recommended reinforcement of the current vehicle management law to promote more frequent voluntary recall campaign from makers. In this study, it is also includes summarize all previous recall related research works and proposes the more stringent regulations to punish of concealing or downsize their vehicle safety defects.

• 국제학술발표논문집
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• The 4th International Conference on Construction Engineering and Project Management Organized by the University of New South Wales
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• pp.653-658
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• 2011

Construction works of civil infrastructure projects generate a considerable amount of carbon emissions by utilizing a set of energy-intensive equipment and causing traffic congestion. However, the voluntary efforts of the contractor to mitigate these emissions are at an early stage. To address this issue, this paper explores the opportunities to take carbon emissions that would be caused from construction works into consideration in contracting methods and procedures. The opportunities for reducing carbon emissions from construction activities themselves are examined under the framework of Performance Contracting for Construction (PCfC), and carbon emissions from traffic congestion are attempted to be incorporated into the Road User Cost (RUC) calculation. This paper also identifies and discusses major challenges that must be confronted when considering the mitigation of these emissions in contracting methods and procedures.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제23권11호
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• pp.1388-1395
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• 2020

Daily monitoring of the heart rate can facilitate detection of heart-related diseases in their early stages. Therefore, providing an easy-to-use and noninvasive heart rate monitoring system has been a very popular research topic in the field of healthcare. One of good candidate methods is to use commonly available cameras and extract information that can help to estimate heart rate from a human face. Generally, such information can be retrieved using two different approaches: photoplethysmography (PPG) and ballistocardiography (BCG). PPG exploits slight color changes caused by blood volume variations during heartbeats; thus, it tends to be vulnerable to unstable lighting conditions. BCG exploits subtle head motions caused by pumped blood travelling through the carotid artery during heartbeats; thus, it is vulnerable to the voluntary head movements that are not related to heartbeats. Nevertheless, most related works use either to estimate the heart rate. In this paper, we propose to combine two approaches to be robust to challenging conditions. Specifically, we explore possible ways to combine raw signals obtained from two approaches and verify that the proposed combination shows better accuracies under challenging conditions, such as voluntary head movements and ambient lighting changes.

• 한국주거학회논문집
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• 제15권3호
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• pp.21-30
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• 2004

The purpose of this study was to examine theoretical underpinnings of housing adjustment as applied to residents of Korean folk housing. On random and voluntary base, 66 households of the Andong Haboe folk village were asked to participate in the present study for a self-administrated questionnaire survey as well as open-ended face-to-face interviews. Some valuable results were obtained as follows. In spite of the legal barrier to change in physical conditions of housing, first, a huge amount of adjustment actually took place in the rural folk village. Satisfying basic amenity or shelter needs turned out to be the basic role of adjustment. Second, the number of adjustment works previously done was not effective anyhow in predicting the level of housing satisfaction. Speare's (1974) satisfaction theory of housing adjustment was largely supported by the present study. Highly dissatisfied residents with their housing were more likely to expect adjustment works of their own. Additionally, age turned out to be the most powerful predictor of housing adjustment. Finally, housing satisfaction was positively correlated with community attachment (Kendall's $\tau$ =.35 ; p 〈 .001). Residents satisfied with their house were more likely to be proud of being a member of community. Overall, though, community attachment was not related anyhow to the willingness of housing adjustment.

• 한국콘텐츠학회논문지
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• 제17권8호
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• pp.250-262
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• 2017

본 연구는 행정실무사 제도 운영 실태에 대한 교원들과 행정실무사들의 인식을 분석함으로써 효율적인 운영방안을 탐색하기 위한 것이다. 이를 위해 경기도내 초 중등학교 교원들과 행정실무사들을 대상으로 FGI를 실시하였다. 연구 결과, 교원들과 행정실무사들은 제도 도입의 필요성을 공감하고 있었으며, 교원업무경감 효과에 대해 긍정적인 인식을 하고 있었다. 운영 실태에 대해서는 업무분담은 '일방적', '자발적', '협의'의 방식으로, 업무성격은 '교원지원'과 '잡무'로 구분하고 있었으며, 업무분장에 대한 행정실무사들의 불만과 구성원들 간 갈등이 나타나고 있었다. 제도 시행의 성과로는 교원역량 강화, 행정실무사들의 정체성 확립, 수업 중심으로의 학교문화변화가, 문제로는 업무분담 기준의 모호성, 업무분담 시스템 부재, 구성원들의 역량 부족, 구성원들 간 소통 부재, 형식적 연수로 나타났다. 개선방안에 대한 결론으로 교사전문성 향상을 위한 학교문화로 변화, 교장 리더십의 중요성, 학교현장의 실상을 반영한 업무분장 마련, 행정실무사들에 대한 동료의식 강화, 역량강화를 위한 맞춤식 연수 제공의 필요성을 제시하였다.