• Korean Journal of Veterinary Research
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.85-102
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• 1973

In the event a population of animals is exposed to ionizing radiation, proper disposition of animals will minimize loss to the farmer and protect the public from unwholesome meat and dairy products. Clinical response is an important factor in considering salvage of animals for food following exposure to ionizing radiation whether the dose is lethal or not. It is the purpose of this report to present the discussions of blood picture and growth of y ung growing rabbits exposed to cobalt-60 gamma-irradiation. The experimental animals were Hyrnalayan rabbits of 65 days old. The body weight for all animals of the time of irradiation was approximately 450g. The 96 rabbits used in the experiment were allotted t groups of eight. Rabbits in one group served as controls and the others were exposed to single doses of 100, 200, 300, 400, 500, 600 and 700 Roentgens (R). The exposure does rate averaged 15 R per minute. Central blood was obtained by heart puncture. Erythrocyte and leukocyte enumerations and, determinations of hemoglobin in blood and hematocrit value were made in the usual manner. Erythrocyte counts, concentrations of hemoglobin in blood, and hematocrit readings dropped to the lowest value between 1 and 4 weeks postirradiation, returning towards the control values. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. There was a progressive decrease with increasing radiation does in the above values. Mean corpuscular volume, mean corpuscular hemoglobin and mean corpuscular hemoglobin concentration were not affected by the irradiation. After irradiation of each does the numbers of total leukocyte and the absolute numbers of various types of white cell began to decrease rapidly, and reached a minimum after 2 weeks, returning towards normal levels. But recovery was not complete at the time of the last determination on 6 weeks postirradiation. The reductions in total leukocyte and differential counts as the radiation does increases were apparent. Relative neutrophilia was observed in each irradiated group because of more expense of lymphocytes after irradiation. Growth rate of the rabbits was not affected by 100 R of whloe-body irradiation, while rabbits irradiated with 200, 300, 400 and 500 R showed marked depression of growth rate. As the radiation does increases, a depression of growth rate was apparent. The rabbits exposed to 600 and 700 R ceased from growing and recovery was not recognized during the experimental period.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.41 no.3
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• pp.265-271
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• 2009

The quality attributes of bread made with milk protein (casein, C; whey protein, W) and polysaccharide (sodium alginate, A; ${\kappa}$-carrageenan, K) mixtures were investigated to study the method to suppressing quality deterioration during storage. Bread prepared with the CA mixture had a higher specific loaf volume compared to the control. And bread made with the WA mixture had reduced moisture loss during storage compared to the control. The hardness of control and breads containing protein-polysaccharide mixtures increased during storage, but hardness increased more in the control than the treatments. In terms of crumb color, the breads containing protein-polysaccharide mixtures had higher $L^{\ast}$ values, but lower $a^{\ast}$ and $b^{\ast}$ values than the control. Finally, there were no significant differences in sensory quality among the control and treatment breads. Overall, data indicate that the addition of CA and WA improved the baking quality of bread and retarded staling.

• Korean Journal of Food Science and Technology
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.924-929
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• 2004

Quality characteristics of functional bread added with different concentrations of potato juice and processed by basic formulation were investigated. Specific volume and baking loss of bread added with 20% potato juice (potato juice : water = 20 : 80) were the highest. Moisture and crude protein contents increased with increasing content of potato juice, while crude lipid content decreased. Lightness (L value) and yellowness (b value) of bread decreased with increasing content of potato juice, while redness (a value) increased. Texture measurement showed springiness, cohesiveness, and brittleness increased with increase of potato juice content. Highest sensory scores for color (p < 0.001), flavor, and taste (p < 0.05) were obtained from bread added with 20% potato juice, while appearance (p < 0.01) and texture (p < 0.01) of control bread were highest. Glycoalkaloid contentsof bread added with 50 and 100% potato juice were 2.85 and 5.79 mg%, respectively.

• Korean journal of food and cookery science
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• v.7 no.4
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• pp.15-22
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• 1991

Changes in cooking properties of kidney beans A (reddish purple), B (mosaic), and C (pale yellow) during storage at $4^{\circ}$, $20^{\circ}$ and $30^{\circ}C$ for 5 months were examined. The weight and volume gains of raw beans during soaking at $30^{\circ}C$ were the greatest in kidney bean A followed by B and C, which were decreased from 3 months storage at $30^{\circ}C$. The weight gain, solid loss and hardness of cooked beans at $100^{\circ}C$ for 40 min decreased from 3 months of storage at $30^{\circ}C$ in all samples. The amylograms of whole kidney bean flours showed no peak and continuous increase of viscosity during heating. The kidney bean A showed the higher values in all reference points than kidney beans B and C which had similar amylogram patterns.

• Journal of Korean Society of Transportation
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• v.35 no.5
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• pp.423-433
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• 2017

During recent 5 years, it was recorded that 20% of total accident frequency and 30% of total number of death have been occurred due to drowsy driving. Drowsy driving accident is result from the loss of driving ability due to driver's accumulated fatigue. Continuous driving time can be measured as a surrogate variable to quantify the level of fatigue. The main purpose of this research is to investigate statistical correlation between the proportion of continuous driving vehicle (more than 2 hours) and the number of drowsy accidents. To carry this out, continuous driving time was measured using GPS route-guidance trajectory data. Also, accident frequency, traffic volume and segment length were collected to estimate safety performance function (SPF) for Jungbunearuk expressway in Korea. Through various types of estimated SPFs, statistical correlation was analyzed based on estimated statistical indices. This research can provide theoretical background for enforcement to regulate commercial vehicle driver's continuous driving time. In addition, throughout the trajectory data expansion, it is expected that strategy for anti-drowsy driving facilities installation can be established based on the suggested methodology.

• Economic and Environmental Geology
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• v.25 no.1
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• pp.27-39
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• 1992

Several pyrophyllite deposits occur around the Milyang area where Cretaceous andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks are widely distributed. Pyrophyllite ores consist mainly of pyrophyllite, and quartz with small amount of sericite, pyrite, dumortierite, and diaspore. The andesitic rocks and spatially related granitic rocks in this area suggest that they could be formed from the same series of a calc-alkaline magma series. The contents of $SiO_2$, $Al_2O_3$, LOI(loss on ignition) are enriched, and $K_2O$, $Na_2O$, CaO, MgO, $Fe_2O_3$ are depleted in altered andesitic rocks and ores. Enrichment of As, Cr, Sr, V, Sb and depletion of Ba, Cs, Ni, Rb, U, Y, Co, Sc, Zn are characteristic during mineralization. The pyrophyllite ores can be discriminated from the altered-and unaltered wall-rocks by an increasing of $(La/Lu)_{cn}$ from 4.18~22.13 to 8.98~55.05. In R-mode cluster analysis, Yb-Lu-Y, La-Ce-Hf-Th-U-Zr, $TiO_2-V-Al_2O_3$, Sm-Eu, $CaO-Na_2O-MnO$, Cu-Zn-Ag, $K_2O-Rb$ are closely correlated. In the discriminant analysis of multi-element data, $P_2O_5$, As, Cr and $Fe_2O_3$, Sr are helpful to identify the ores from the unaltered-and altered wall-rocks. In the factor analysis, the factors of alteration of andesitic rocks and ore mineralization were extracted. In the change of ions per unit volume, $SiO_2$, $Al^{3+}$ and LOI are enriched and $Na^+$, $K^+$, $Ca^{2+}$, $Mg^{2+}$, $Mn^{2+}$ and $Fe^{3+}$ are depleted during the alteration processes. The Milyang and the Sungjin pyrophyllite deposits could be mineralized by hydrothermal alteration in a geochemical condition of low activity ratio of alkaline ions to hydrogen ion with reference to spatially related granitic rocks.

• Journal of Environmental Impact Assessment
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• v.22 no.3
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• pp.241-254
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• 2013

The nutria(Myocastor coypus) that is originated from South America is a representative Invasive alien species in Korea. invasive alien species is one of the biggest causes for the loss of biodiversity and it may threaten the conservation and function of ecology as well as the welfare of mankind. Intense habitation has been made around the Nakdong River basin area that this study has analyzed the habitat density of nutria for the subject of 3 survey sites in the Nakdong River basin area. As a result of survey on habitation density in 2011 and 2012, under St.1 it was shown $2.01{\pm}0.21$/ha in 2011 and $0.69{\pm}0.55$/ha in 2012. Under St.2, it was shown $0.91{\pm}0.37$/ha in 2011 and $0.55{\pm}0.39$/ha in 2012. Under St.3, it was shown $5.31{\pm}0.72$/ha in 2011 and $3.99{\pm}2.31$/ha in 2012. The wet survey areas of St.1 and St.3 had shown relatively high habitation density compared to St. 2, the river survey area, and the average annual habitation density of the survey area was $2.74{\pm}2.29$/ha in 2011 and $1.74{\pm}1.18$/ha in 2012 that it has shown slightly reducing trend. As a result of measuring the morphology by capturing the habitation individuals, the average body length of adults is $92.23{\pm}9.41cm$, the length from the head to body for $53.90{\pm}5.15cm$, tail length for $38.33{\pm}4.83cm$, hind foot length for $13.82{\pm}1.00cm$, front foot length for $6.02{\pm}0.56cm$, and weight for $5.48{\pm}1.08kg$. As a result of comparing the types between genders, male showed a slightly higher figure in all parts compared to female and it showed significantly difference in total body length, head-body length, front foot length and total weight. As a result of analysis for each head-body length, other measured parts, weight and relativity for each measured part, all bodily part is shown to have the higher volume of correlations. The condition index of individuals in the survey area was shown in the average of $35.67{\pm}4.78$ with female for an average of $36.60{\pm}5.19$ and male for an average of $34.73{\pm}4.34$. The winter temperature in the southern area of Korea is considered for not greatly impacting on the habitation and development of nutria that, if there is no artificial control, it is considered to have certain concern of showing drastic breeding and territory expansion for the habitation group.

• Applied Microscopy
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• v.32 no.3
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• pp.285-290
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• 2002

The therapeutic effect of safflower seed powder on experimental osteoporosis in the rat induced by ovariectomy was evaluated. Thirty Sprague-Dawley rats were ovariectomized at the age of 12 weeks. Seven weeks postovariectomy, rats were divided into two groups: control and safflower seed powder treated group. Five animals from each group were sacrificed at the following time points: 1, 3, and 5 weeks. Scanning electron microscopic observation and morphometric analysis of the tibiae epiphysis showed that the administration of safflower seed powder significantly prevented reduction of cortical bone width and bone volume compared with the control group. In conclusion, safflower seed powder contains something that prevent bone loss due to estrogen deficiency, and was effective in preventing the osteoporotic decrease of bone mass.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Science and Nutrition
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.775-783
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• 2008

This study was performed to research quality characteristics of yellow layer cakes added with diacylglycerol oil and their effectiveness in reducing trans fatty acids and inhibiting accumulation of fats in the body. The diacylglycerol oil used in this study contained 80% diacylglycerol. In treatments 0, 10, 20, 30 and 40% of the weight of margarine were substituted with diacylglycerol oil. pH and specific gravity of cake batter of treatments increased with more diacylglycerol oil compared to that of the control group. Viscosity of cake batters of treatments also became higher with increasing diacylglycerol oil than that of the control. pH of cakes rose up with increasing amounts of diacylglycerol oil. Volume of cakes became bigger by reducing loss due to water evaporation in a baking process, resulting in a moister texture because of increased moisturizing capacity in oil. In the case of color, the Hunter's colorimetric lightness (L) got higher as the added amount was increased, and redness (a), yellowness (b) and color different ($\Delta$E) got lower against control accordingly. In particular, 30% treatment showed higher levels in the areas of volumes and moisture contents while 20 and 30% treatments were superior in sensory characteristics. Therefore, a yellow layer cake made by substituting 30% of the weight of margarine with diacylglycerol oil was expected to be a low-calorie cake because the oil improves taste and quality of cakes, reduces trans-fatty acids and inhibits accumulation of fats.

• Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases
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• v.46 no.1
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• pp.75-81
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• 1999

Background : Recently, there are many patients with lipoid pneumonia by ingestion of shark liver oil in Korea, but only a few animal experimentations have been carried out. The purpose of this study is to evaluate sequential change of the lung after aspiration of shark liver oil and to provide the radiologic-pathologic correlation. Methods: A single intratracheal administration of shark liver oil was given to 14 white rabbits. They were then sacrificed sequentially from 1 week to 6 weeks after injection. We investigated the HRCT and pathologic findings Results: One was sudden death immediately after injection. Six of the 13 rabbits showed pneumonic infiltrations on the HRCT. There were air space consolidation with air-bronchogram on the HRCT of the first week. They were associated with the volume loss in the 4th week, and the traction bronchiectasis in the 6th week. The important pathologic findings were peribronchial alveolar inflammation with septal widening and cuboidal metaplasia of the alveolar wall. The number of macrophages in an alveoli was peaked in the second week and then gradually decreased. On the 6th week, we could find the proliferation of fibroblasts. Conclusion: We can prove the development of lipoid pneumonia after aspiration of squalene by animal experimentation, and the understanding of HRCT and pathologic findings may be helpful in proper evaluation of pneumonia due to aspiration of fish-extracted lipid.