• Convergence Security Journal
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.79-86
• /
• 2022

Voice phishing is a cyber crime in which fake financial institutions, the Public Prosecutor's Office, and the National Police Agency are impersonated to find out an individual's Certification number and credit card number or withdraw a deposit. Recently, voice phishing has been carried out in a subtle and secret way. Analyzing the trend of voice phishing that occurred in '18~'21, it was found that there is a seasonality that occurs rapidly at a time when the movement of money is intensifying in the trend of voice phishing, giving ambiguity to time series analysis. In this research, we adjusted seasonality using the X-12 seasonality adjustment methodology for accurate prediction of voice phishing occurrence trends, and predicted the occurrence of voice phishing in 2022 using the ARIMA model.

• Asia Pacific Journal of Business Review
• /
• v.6 no.1
• /
• pp.1-19
• /
• 2021

This research is based on the relevant research literature on the voice behavior, this study examines the influence of trust in leader on voice behavior. And this study examines the role of psychological safety as a mediating between trust in leader and voice behavior. This study uses SPSS for data analysis. The results of the study are as follows: This study explains the impact of trust in leader on psychological safety, and explains the impact of trust in leader on organization members' voice behavior, as well as the impact of psychological safety on organization members' voice behavior. And this study also explains the influence of psychological safety as an intermediary effect on trust in leader and voice behavior. Overall, the higher the level of organization members' trust in leader, the more they will increase the level of psychological safety of the organization members, which will prompt the organization members to make more voice behavior.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.112-117
• /
• 2017

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to classify patients with unilateral vocal fold paralysis according to their fixed location and to analysis the effects of two treatment methods by early voice therapy and injection laryngoplasty. Materials and Methods : Twenty patients who were classified as full abduction and slight abduction according to the position of paralysis were treated injection laryngoplasy, and 23 patients were treated by voice therapy. Twenty patients were treated injection laryngoplasy and 23 patients were treated voice therapy. Results were evaluated by acoustic analysis, electroglottography, cepstrum analysis before and after therapy. The voice therapy was conducted by improving the larynx movement and glottal contact, whilst removing hypertension of the supraglottic and use the breathing. Results : Significant improvement was found in the acoustic parameter, cepstrum parameter, and EGG before and after treatment in both groups. There was no significant difference between the two groups when compared before and after treatment to compare the effects of injection laryngoplasty and voice therapy. Conclusion : The initial treatments for unilateral vocal cord paralysis are injection laryngoplasty and voice therapy. however, there is no precise standard about which method should be applied first. Therefore, in this study, we tried to classify patients according to their paralysis position and then apply two methods. The results of this study suggest that voice therapy and Injection laryngoplasty at the initial stage is a very useful method to improve voice quality of vocal fold paralysis and improve laryngeal function.

• Speech Sciences
• /
• v.8 no.4
• /
• pp.87-98
• /
• 2001

Vocal nodule is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by surgical removal or voice therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the accent method, one of the popular effective voice therapy, in the patients with vocal nodule. Authors executed the accent method in 17 patients with vocal nodule who visited the Voice & Speech Therapy Clinic, Pusan National University Hospital analysed the voice before and after treatment using the local findings, acoustic analysis and aerodynamic analysis MPT. The voice was analysed with MDVP of CSL and MPT was checked using stop watch. The parameters included Fo, Jitter, Shimmer and noise to harmonic ratio(NHR) as acoustic analysis. The results were obtained as follows. In the evaluation by the local findings, it was improved to 77% in the patients of vocal nodule. Jitter and Shimmer were shown to be improved significantly. In particular, it was shown to be improved significantly in patients with vocal nodule. As the result of this study, the improvement of aerodynamic aspect was more statistically significant than that of acoustic parameters. When I generalized the above mentioned results, we suggest that it is a useful voice therapy which can be helpful to the improvement of voice, applying the accent method to the vocal nodule patients, and there are currently many methods to be used in the voice therapy, but it is thought which the accent method is the good treatment as the alternatives of keeping the continuous medical treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.23 no.2
• /
• pp.119-123
• /
• 2012

Background and Objectives : Sulcus vocalis could be classified into type I, type IIa, and type IIb. There have been a little reports about voice quality and treatment results related with types of sulcus vocalis. The authors conducted an analysis of voice and treatment according to different types of sulcus vocalis. Materials and Methods : This study was based on a retrospective chart review. The sulcus types were classified into type I and type II. Objective and subjective voice assessments were analyzed. Patients were treated individually with voice therapy, percutaneous steroid injection, and injection laryngoplasty. Comparison was performed on the voice difference between type I group and type II group, and between pre-treatment and post-treatment of each types. Results : One hundred and one patients were enrolled into this study, and 49 patients were type I and 52 patients were type II. Type I group showed longer mean maximal phonation time (MPT) than type II group, although other voice parameters didn't show any difference between two groups. Even after the management, almost all of the voice parameters didn't show improvement except MPT of type II group. Conclusion：Although the type I sulcus has been known as a non-pathologic lesion, it can result in some degree of voice change and discomfort, and thus need an active management. In this study, voice therapy, percutaneous steroid injection, and injection laryngoplasty showed limited effect to the both types of sulcus vocalis. Further studies for management of sulcus vocalis were needed.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.22 no.2
• /
• pp.143-150
• /
• 2011

Background and Objectives : Clinically, as a tool for voice assessment before and after the operation or the voice treatment, acoustic analysis is widely used. However, in clinical situations, acoustic parameters vary according to how the assessment is made. Thus, with voice disease patients as subjects, we are to investigate what influence intensity increase exerts on acoustic parameters and how to reduce variation according to the way of assessing. Material and Method : At the voice clinic of the department of otorhinolaryngology in Gangnam Severance Hospital, with 30 female voice-disease patients (40.6 years old on the average) and 23 male voice-disease patients (40.1 years old on the average) as subjects, using the Dr Speech vocal-assessment program, we statistically tested the significance of the difference in each of acoustic parameters between when the "Ah" vowel is produced with a normal voice and when the "Ah" vowel is produced with a loud voice. Results : Acoustic parameters that showed a statistically significant difference according to intensity increase were Jitter, SD F0, and NNE for females, and Jitter, SD F0, HNR, SNR, and NNE for males. Voice quality estimates showed a statistically significant difference according to intensity increase in female hoarse voice, female breathy voice, and male breathy voice. Conclusion : In this research, acoustic analysis, which is generally used for voice assessment before and after the operation or the voice treatment, showed a tendency that acoustic parameters became better under the influence of intensity increase except for the cases where a voice disease was severe. Thus, to raise the reliability of voice assessment, the range of intensity needs to be set up. This should be the topic for the future research.

• ETRI Journal
• /
• v.38 no.3
• /
• pp.444-454
• /
• 2016

Voice service is very demanding in cognitive radio networks (CRNs). The available spectrum in a CRN for CR users varies owing to the presence of licensed users. On the other hand, voice packets are delay sensitive and can tolerate a limited amount of delay. This makes the support of voice traffic in a CRN a complicated task that can be achieved by devising necessary considerations regarding the various network functionalities. In this paper, the support of secondary voice users in a CRN is investigated. First, a novel packet scheduling scheme that can provide the required quality of service (QoS) to voice users is proposed. The proposed scheme utilizes the maximum packet transmission rate for secondary voice users by assigning each secondary user the channel with the best level of quality. Furthermore, an analytical framework developed for a performance analysis of the system, is described in which the effect of erroneous spectrum sensing on the performance of secondary voice users is also taken into account. The QoS parameters of secondary voice users, which were obtained analytically, are also detailed. The analytical results were verified through the simulation, and will provide helpful insight in supporting voice services in a CRN.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.29 no.1
• /
• pp.24-29
• /
• 2018

Background and Objectives : The purpose of this study was to evaluate the impact of surgical extent on voice using acoustic and aerodynamic measurements in a serially followed thyroidectomy patients. Materials and Method : From October 2015 to January 2017, 108 patients who had undergone thyroid surgery and voice test for preoperative, 2, 3, and 6 months postoperatively were classified into five operative types. The radiological stage preoperatively and histopathological stage postoperatively were classified according to the invasion of thyroid capsule and surrounding tissue. For each classification, the results of the voice analysis according to the period were compared and analyzed. Results : The difference of voice according to surgical extent, radiological stage, and histopathologic stage showed significant difference only with Maximal phonation time (MPT) over time. However, in the analysis of interaction between each classification and period, Phonation threshold pressure (PTP) only showed significant results. Conclusion : Differences in imaging and histopathologic stages have no significant effect on recovery of voice symptoms after thyroid surgery. As the extent of operation increases, the pressure to start vocalization is relatively higher, which also varies with time after surgery.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
• /
• v.9 no.1
• /
• pp.32-37
• /
• 1998

Tonsillectomy is the one of operation that is performed the most commonly in otolaryngology field. Many changes that include range of voice, tone, voice quality and resonance were made by tonsillectomy. Sometimes, any patients taken tonsillectomy has suffer from these voice problem after tonsillectomy. However there are less study for these problems until now. Then, we studied to find the anatomical findings that affected the voice quality when tonsillectomy was performed. We evaluated the voice in 2 groups, one is the group showed the normal pharyngeal space by using the transnasal fiberscopy, the other is group showed medially bulging tonsil at pharyngeal cavity by using same method, with perceptual evaluation, nasalance score, nasality, oral formant and nasal formant. We used the computerized speech analysis system, the nasometer and the spectrogram in the CSL program. We could not find any differences in perceptual evaluation between two groups. But objective measures were provided. Nasalance score and nasality on the nasometric analysis were increased significantly and oral formant on the spectrogram was changed singnificantly after tonsillectomy in Group 2. Authors thought medially bulging tonsil in the pharynx is able to affect the voice quality after tonsillectomy when we evaluted through the nasal cavity by the using of fiberscopy and this evaluation would be important especially in singers.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.8
• /
• pp.149-154
• /
• 2018

As the range of professional voice users are expanding, interest towards voice increases as well. Especially as teachers compose the occupational group, exposed to high risk of voice disorder, it is necessary to identify the cause of speech problems and speech disorders. The purpose of this study is to analyze the voice characteristics of teachers and to investigate the causes of voice disorders. From 2000 to 2018, 414 studies were found under a combinated set search words of 'profession', 'Teacher', 'Professional Voice User', 'Voice', 'Voice disorders', 'Risk' and out of them, 8 studies were selected as final focus analysis subjects. The qualitative evaluation was carried out by modifying the Quality: checklist for assessing the Risk of bias. The study confirmed that voice misuse frequently occurred to teachers when they used their voice and this feature was affected by the environment. These results suggest that environment improvement of teachers' speech abuse and consistent voice education are necessary.