• Speech Sciences
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.87-98
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• 2001

Vocal nodule is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by surgical removal or voice therapy. The aim of this study is to evaluate the effect of the accent method, one of the popular effective voice therapy, in the patients with vocal nodule. Authors executed the accent method in 17 patients with vocal nodule who visited the Voice & Speech Therapy Clinic, Pusan National University Hospital analysed the voice before and after treatment using the local findings, acoustic analysis and aerodynamic analysis MPT. The voice was analysed with MDVP of CSL and MPT was checked using stop watch. The parameters included Fo, Jitter, Shimmer and noise to harmonic ratio(NHR) as acoustic analysis. The results were obtained as follows. In the evaluation by the local findings, it was improved to 77% in the patients of vocal nodule. Jitter and Shimmer were shown to be improved significantly. In particular, it was shown to be improved significantly in patients with vocal nodule. As the result of this study, the improvement of aerodynamic aspect was more statistically significant than that of acoustic parameters. When I generalized the above mentioned results, we suggest that it is a useful voice therapy which can be helpful to the improvement of voice, applying the accent method to the vocal nodule patients, and there are currently many methods to be used in the voice therapy, but it is thought which the accent method is the good treatment as the alternatives of keeping the continuous medical treatment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.13-21
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• 1989

A clinico-statistical analysis was performed on 1373 cases who complained of hoarseness at the Dept. of Otolaryngology of Ewha Womans University hopital during the past 10 years from fan 1975 to Dec 1984 and the following results were obtained. 1) Among total of 44,912 who visited the Dept. of Otolaryngology. the patients with hoarseness were 1373 cases(3.1%). 2) Among total of 1373 cases, male were 586 and female were 787, the ratio being 1:1.3. 3) The underlying diseases causing hoarseness in order of frequency were acute laryngitis 374 cases(27.2%), chronic laryngitis 325 cases(23.7%), vocal nodule 248 cases(18.1%), vocal polyp 130 cases(9.5%), vocal cord paralysis 101 cases(7.4%), laryngeal cancer 24 cases(1.7%). 4) The highest incidence of age causing hoarseness in order of frequency were 3rd decade 368 cases(26.8%) 2nd decade 312 cases(22.7%) 4th decade 297 cases(21.6%), 5) The highest incidence of age for underlying diseases in order of frequency were as that follows: acute laryngitis in 2nd decade 114 cases(30.5%), chronic laryngitis in 3rd decade 92 cases(28.3%), vocal nodule in 3rd decade 81 cases(32.7%), vocal polyp in 4th decade 38 cases(29.2%), vocal cord paralysis in 5th decade 19 cases(18.8%), laryngeal cancer in 5th decade 13 cases(54.2%). 6) Number of the patients who came the hospital within 10 days after the onset of hoarseness were 272 cases(19.8%), 15 cases(1.1%) had medical attention for first time 10 years after hoarseness. 7) The highest incidence of the duration from the onset to consultation for the underlying diseases were as that follows: acute larynsitis within 10 days 205 cases(54.8%), chronic laryngitis 3M-6M 76 cases(23.4%), vocal nodule 3M-6M 55 cases(22.2%) vocal polyp 6M-lYr 32 cases(24.6%), vocal cord paralysis 3M-6M 20 cases(19.8%)

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.31 no.1
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• pp.13-18
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• 2020

Background and Objective The purpose of this study is to report the effect of voice therapy using the voice reinforcement method (VRM) in patients with vocal nodules. It is one of the holistic voice therapy methods for improving vocal mechanisms. VRM includes not only direct and indirect voice therapy, but also trial therapy and self-practice. Composed of four stages: vocal hygiene education, relaxation, reinforcement, and generalization. Materials and Methods The subjects were 13 patients who were diagnosed with vocal nodules. Acoustic analysis, auditory perceptual assessment, K-VHI-10 and nodules size were compared before and after voice therapy. Voice therapy was conducted by speech-language pathologist and the mean number was 4.2. Results In acoustic analysis, Jitter, vF₀, vAm, Shimmer, NHR, and VTI were significantly decreased. F₀ was increased after voice therapy for women. 'Grade', 'Rough,' and 'Breathy' were significantly decreased in the GRBAS scale after voice therapy. In addition, K-VHI-10 and nodules size were significantly decreased. Conclusion VRM seems to be an effective voice therapy method in vocal nodules treatment. In VRM, especially, trial therapy is given motivation for vocal nodules treatments and self-practice has a continuous therapeutic effect in everyday life. VRM can be also applied to the voice therapy for other hyper-functional dysphonia.

• Journal of Clinical Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.229-234
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• 2018

Background and Objectives : Vocal nodules occur with a 12-22% prevalence in pediatric populations. Most otolaryngologists recommend voice therapy as the primary treatment. The aim of this study is to evaluate patient compliance with voice therapy and its effect on vocal nodules in children. Materials and Methods : We retrospectively reviewed 44 pediatric patients between 3 and 11 years old diagnosed with vocal nodules between March 2015 and December 2017. We evaluated the treatment adoption rate, dropout rate during voice therapy, and reasons for dropout. For patients who completed voice therapy, we measured the changes in nodule size, perceptual parameters, and acoustic parameters. We evaluated patient satisfaction using the pediatric voice handicap index (P-VHI). Results : Of the 44 pediatric patients diagnosed with vocal nodules, 22 (50%) agreed to voice therapy. Of the 22 patients who started voice therapy, 5 (22.7%) dropped out during therapy because they were unsatisfied with their treatment. Another 4 patients discontinued therapy for reasons unrelated to treatment effectiveness. Vocal nodule disappeared or decreased in all 13 patients who completed voice therapy. All voice parameters were improved and statistically significant changes were observed in perceptual, acoustic, and P-VHI parameters. Conclusions : Although compliance to voice therapy among the pediatric patients with vocal nodules was low, there were significant improvements in voice parameters for those who completed voice therapy. A change toward a positive perception of voice therapy is necessary and a multidisciplinary approach is needed to improve the effect of voice therapy on pediatric patients with vocal nodules.

• Phonetics and Speech Sciences
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• v.13 no.4
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• pp.67-74
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• 2021

This study examines the effectiveness of semi-occluded vocal tract exercise (SOVTE) conducted through telepractice for 10 female teachers who have experienced vocal discomfort while working in early childhood education facilities (childcare centers, kindergartens). The effects of SOVTE conducted through telepractice were evaluated based on the Korean voice handicap index (KVHI), the Korean version of the voice activity and participation profile (K-VAPP), vocal effort, and auditory perception evaluation by using the grade, roughness, breathiness, asthenia, and strain (GRBAS) scale. The results show that total, functional, and physical scores of KVHI significantly reduced after SOVTE. The total score in K-VAPP significantly reduced after SOVTE. Moreover, vocal effort significantly decreased after SOVTE. However, statistically significant differences were not noted in GRB scales before and after SOVTE. In conclusion, early childhood teachers experienced reduced vocal discomfort SOVTE conducted through telepractice. The study results indicate that voice therapy conducted through telepractice is an effective method for reducing vocal discomfort in early childhood teachers.

• Speech Sciences
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.77-86
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• 2002

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Sea Dong-Il's technique on voice quality in patients with vocal nodules and phonasthenia (vocal fatigue). Ten patients (4 nodules and 6 vocal fatigue) participated in the study. Each subject was assessed acoustically (Fo, Jitter, Shimmer, NNE) in the first and last session. Dr. Speech (version 3.4, Tiger-DRS) was used to compare acoustic parameters of pre-and post-treatment. Sea Dong-Il's technique consisted of breathing exercise, relaxation exercise, and phonation exercise. The results were as follows: First, Sea Dong- Il's technique tended to be effective on improving voice quality in patients with phonasthenia and vocal nodules. Second, the nature of improvements were as follows: there was a significant difference between pre-and post-treatment in shimmer (p < .01) and NNE (p < .001), while there was no significant difference between pre-and post-treatment in Fo and Jitter. Finally, given the fact that the number of subjects was only 10, the jitter might have shown a significant difference if more subjects participated in the experiment.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.2
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• pp.87-91
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• 2004

Background and Objectives : Temporary vocal fold injection is not only performed to restore the laryngeal function in temporary unilateral vocal fold paralysis or paresis, but also performed as a test injection prior to the permanent injection. Gelfoam has been safely used for the past several decades for the temporary vocal fold augmentation. Recently, we found a new material, called Radieses Lite, may be used as a temporary injection material. Material and Methods : We report preliminary results of 11 patients who had Radiesse Lite injection with a variety of pathologies. Results : Based on the results from the 6 patients who completed follow-up, the duration of effectiveness of Radiesse Lite seems to be from 2 to 3 months depending on the injection amount. Radiesse Lite satisfies several requirements of the ideal temporary vocal fold injection material in terms of injectability, convenience, duration of effectiveness and safety. Conclusion : The authors concluded that Radiesse Lite might be a good option for temporary vocal fold injection especially in the office setting.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.15 no.1
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• pp.52-54
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• 2004

Hemangioma of the larynx is generally classified into adult and infantile form. More common infantile form usually arises on subglottic portiion and may cause respiratory distress. Adult form is rare and arises on vocal cord or above. Vocal cord hemangioma was rarely reported in the medical literature. Since Kimmelman et al reported vocal hemangioma in 1979 first, there are four cases of vocal hemangioma reported in medical literature. Recently, we experienced a case of vocal cord hemangioma and successfully removed it with micro-laryngeal surgery. Hence we report this case with review of literatures.

• Journal of Korean Medical classics
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• v.19 no.2 s.33
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• pp.97-107
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• 2006

From the study on the relation of voice and O-jang(五臟廳), the conclusion is as follows. The function of breathing out in larynx is involved with lung and kidney. Lung press out the air, at the same time, kidney supports that to maintenance the density of air constantly. So the person who has short breathing can not make strong voice, and also if having a weak kidney in upper Cho[下蕉], their voice will be changed so very softly to cannot make hard type of voice and lingering sounds. Opening and Closing of vocal cords are controled by liver and spleen. when vocal cords are contracted, liver makes tension, whereas spleen does in slackness. So liver is likely to make high-piched sounds in tension of vocal cords, and spleen is the same to do smoothy and husky sounds through relaxing the vocal cords. In the rising condition of liver function, the temp of speech become fast, and more the pronunciation is clearer, it means that the function of thinking by spleen is operated well. Otherwise, indistinct pronunciation means that in the body seup-sa(濕邪) spreads. Also depression of emotion in speech often makes Gi(氣) of heart weaker, whereas it means regular condition of heart including Simpo(心包) that expression of emotion looks happy.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Laryngology, Phoniatrics and Logopedics
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• v.8 no.2
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• pp.178-184
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• 1997

Vocal nodule due to vocal hyperfunction is one of the representative chronic diseases of vocal folds, and it can be cured by surgical movement, and/or voice therapy. The present study is, focusing on the latter, to compare the acoustic and aerodynamic results of the pretreatment with those of posttreatment, and then to investigate the objective date on the efficiency of the voice therapy for the patients with vocal nodules. 11 females(age : 7-49) and 5 males(age : 8-40), total 16 patients wi vocal nodules treated by voice therapy were participated as subjects. Six measurements and comparisons of pretreatment and posttreatment of the results were performed : litter, shimmer, and noise-to-harmonic ratio as acoustic analyses ; maximum phonation time, mean flow rate, and the subtraction of mean flow rate from maximum flow rate as aerodynamic analyses. As a result, 14 of 16 subjects showed improvement at more than 4 of 6 measurements, and in group data, every measurements of posttreatment was improved significantly than the pretreatment. On the whole, the improvement of aerodynamic aspects was more statistically significant than that of acoustic ones.