• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제26권2호
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• pp.241-246
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary vitamin levels and stocking densities on growth performance, nutrient digestibility, and blood characteristics in growing pigs. A $2{\times}3$ factorial (two vitamin levels, three regimens of stocking densities) arrangement was utilized with 96 pigs ($23.10{\pm}0.95$ kg initial body weight and 63 d of age) for 36 d. The pigs were allocated to pens with different stocking density (0.64, 0.48, and 0.38 $m^2/pig$, respectively). The diets used in this study were a normal diet (based on NRC) and a high level of vitamin diet (2-fold higher than normal diet). The ADG and ADFI of pigs were decreased as the stocking density increased (p = 0.03 and p = 0.01, respectively). The G/F of pigs was 5% lower in the high vitamin treatment (p = 0.03) as compared with the control treatment. The apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD) of DM and N digestibility was negatively affected by the high level of vitamin in diets (p = 0.05 and p = 0.04, respectively). Moreover, a significant and negative effect on the ATTD of N was detected in the large groups (linear, p = 0.02). Blood cortisol concentration was increased with increasing stocking density (linear, p = 0.05), and was decreased by high level of vitamin (p = 0.04) at the end of this experiment. Stocking density also caused a linear reduction in WBC concentration (p = 0.05). Our data indicated that the principal effect of stocking density was not reliant on dietary vitamin levels. In conclusion, results indicated that doubling the vitamin supplementation did not improve the growth performance of pigs in high density. However, the blood cortisol concentration was decreased but the ATTD of N digestibility was impaired by high level of vitamin diet.

• Journal of Animal Science and Technology
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• 제56권8호
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• pp.33.1-33.8
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• 2014

Background: Sox 9 is a major marker of chondrocyte differentiation. When chondrocytes are cultured in vitro they progressively de-differentiate and this is associated with a decline in Sox 9 expression. The active form of vitamin D, 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ has been shown to be protective of cartilage in both humans and animals. In this study equine articular chondrocytes were grown in culture and the effects of 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ upon Sox 9 expression examined. The expression of the transient receptor potential vanilloid (TRPV) ion channels 5 and 6 in equine chondrocytes in vitro, we have previously shown, is inversely correlated with de-differentiation. The expression of these channels in response to 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ administration was therefore also examined. Results: The active form of vitamin D (1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ when administered to cultured equine chondrocytes at two different concentrations significantly increased the expression of Sox 9 at both. In contrast 1, 25 $(OH)_2D_3$ had no significant effect upon the expression of either TRPV 5 or 6 at either the protein or the mRNA level. Conclusions: The increased expression of Sox 9, in equine articular chondrocytes in vitro, in response to the active form of vitamin D suggests that this compound could be utilized to inhibit the progressive de-differentiation that is normally observed in these cells. It is also supportive of previous studies indicating that $1{\alpha}$, 25-dihydroxyvitamin $D_3$ can have a protective effect upon cartilage in animals in vivo. The previously observed correlation between the degree of differentiation and the expression levels of TRPV 5/6 had suggested that these ion channels may have a direct involvement in, or be modulated by, the differentiation process in vitro. The data in the present study do not support this.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• 제26권7호
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• pp.867-886
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• 1993

Vitamin B-6 status parameters of mothers were assessed in relation to th condition of the infant at birth and during the neonatal period. Parameters were assessed at birth and then weekly in 18 mother-infant pairs during the neonatal period ; mothers were supplemented postnatally with 2 or 27 mg PN-HCI/d. Vitamin B-6 inadequacy in the 2mg supplemented group was suggested by the vitamin status parameters. Mothers whose infants had unsatisfactory Apgar scores at 5min after birth(<7) had lower vitamin B-6 status parameters than mothers whose infants were scored satisfactory. Also, infants who scored unsatisfactory at birth and whose mothers were supplemented with the low level of PN had significantly lower vitamin B-6 status parameters at 7 days of age than infants who scored satisfactory. Infants scored unsatisfactory showed some beneficial effects in both vitamin B-6 status and growth associated with the higher level of maternal postnatal vitamin B-6 supplement. In summary, the mother's prenatal and postnatal vitamin B-6 intake were significantly related to the condition of her infant at birth and during the neonatal period, respectively.

• 한국영양학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국영양학회 2001년도 춘계연합학술대회 초록
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• pp.195.2-195
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• 2001

• 한국식품영양학회지
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• 제33권6호
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• pp.672-680
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• 2020

This study was conducted to effectively supplement vitamin D and increase the consumption of ear mushroom based on the investigation of the quality characteristics of cookies containing ear mushroom supplemented with vitamin D. Cookies were made of 0%, 1%, 3%, and 5% ear mushroom powder treated by ultraviolet B. Increased addition of ear mushroom powder led to a decrease in the bulk density of the dough as well as a spread factor, color value, and hardness of the cookies. There was no significant difference in the loss rate, but the water content of the dough and cookies was increased. The total polyphenol content of cookies added with 1~5% ear mushroom powder was higher than that of the 0%. The DPPH free radical scavenging activity of cookies added with 5% ear mushroom powder (23.8%) was 2 times higher than that of the 0% (10.9%). The vitamin D2 content of cookies added with 5% ear mushroom powder (835.5 ㎍/100 g D.W.) was 44 times higher than that of the 0% (19.0 ㎍/100 g D.W.). Consequently, ear mushroom powder is considered to be suitable for the production of functional cookies because of high values of antioxidant activity and vitamin D2 content.

• The Korean Journal of Pain
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• 제30권4호
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• pp.250-257
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• 2017

Vitamin D is a cofactor responsible for autoimmune disorders. There is no agreement in the studies investigating the association between vitamin D and fibromyalgia. This study aims to combine the conflicting results of the primary studies which compared these patients with control groups regarding the serum concentration of vitamin D. This meta-analysis has been designed based on PRISMA guidelines. Relevant keywords were searched in PubMed, Science direct, Scopus, Cochrane, and Google scholar and primary studies were selected. After screening the eligible studies according to inclusion/exclusion criteria, we investigated the risk of bias in the selected studies and also the heterogeneity between the primary results using Cochrane (Q) and I-squared ($I^2$) indices. The primary results were combined using inverse variance method and Cohen statistics as well as a random effects model. Publication bias was assessed using Egger test. Sensitivity analysis was applied to investigate the influence of each primary study on the final result of the meta-analysis. Suspected factors in the heterogeneity were assessed using meta-regression models. We entered 12 eligible studies in the meta-analysis including 851 cases compared with 862 controls. The standardized mean difference of Vitamin D between the two groups was -0.56 (95% confidence interval: -1.05, -0.08). Our meta-analysis showed that vitamin D serum levels of patients with fibromyalgia was significantly lower than that of control group.

• 한국식품영양과학회지
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• 제12권2호
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• pp.110-115
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• 1983

1. DPPH에 대한 전자공여능은 vitamin A와 D가 인삼사포닌 단독보다 높아 지용성 비타민 첨가에 의한 상승효과가 인정되었다. 2. 과산화지질 생성초기의 유도기간은 vitamin A, D를 첨가했을 때 대조군이나 인삼 사포닌보다 효과적으로 유도기간을 연장시킴을 알 수 있었다. 3. in vitro에서 과산화지질 생성억제작용을 TBA value로 조사한 결과 vitamin E>A>D의 순으로 지용성 비타민의 첨가효과가 인정되었다. 4. in vivo실험에서 인삼 사포닌 및 지용성 비타민 첨가 투여에 의한 rat의 체중 및 간장, 신장의 장기중량 변화는 지용성 비타민의 첨가가 체중증가에 효과적임을 알 수 있었고, 간장은 비타민 첨가군에서 다소 중량증가가 인정되었으나 신장의 중량변화에는 큰 유의성을 발견 할 수 없었다. 5. in vivo실험에서 인삼 사포닌 및 지용성 비타민 첨가 투여에 의한 rat의 혈액에서의 과산화지질 생성억제작용은 vitamin E>D>A의 순으로 나타났고, 간장에서는 vitamin A와 E첨가군에서 효과적임이 인정되었다.

• 농촌의학ㆍ지역보건
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• 제43권1호
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• pp.18-30
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• 2018

본 연구는 농촌 지역에 거주하며 당뇨병이 없는 건강한 성인을 대상으로 혈청 비타민 D와 인슐린 저항성 및 췌장의 베타세포 기능과의 관련성을 확인하기 위하여 시행되었다. 연구대상은 전라남도 해남군에 소재한 종합병원 건강검진실에서 건강검진을 받은 당뇨병이 없는 20세 이상 성인 374명이었고, 분산분석과 공분산분석을 이용하여 혈청 비타민 D 수준에 따라 HOMA-IR과 $HOMA-{\beta}$을 비교하였다. 분석결과, 연구대상 중 비타민 D 결핍군, 불충분군, 충분군은 각각 38.5%, 48.1%, 13.4%이었다. 비타민 D 수준에 따른 HOMA-IR 평균은 충분군 $1.92{\pm}1.08$, 불충분군 $1.99{\pm}1.04$, 결핍군 $2.91{\pm}1.05$로 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었으며, 다른 관련변수를 통제한 상태에서 비교한 공분산 분석 결과에서도 비타민 D 수준에 따른 HOMA-IR은 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 있었다. 비타민 D 수준에 따른 $HOMA-{\beta}$ 평균은 충분군 $84.69{\pm}1.07$, 불충분군 $78.41{\pm}1.04$, 결핍군 $80.48{\pm}1.04$ 이었고, 통계적으로 유의한 차이가 없었다. 결론적으로 우리나라 농촌지역 성인의 혈청 비타민 D 수준은 부족한 경우가 매우 높았고, 비타민 D 수준에 따른 인슐린 저항성은 관련이 있음을 알 수 있었다. 인슐린 저항성 및 당뇨병 예방을 위해서 비타민 D의 충분한 형성을 위한 보충제, 햇볕 노출과 영양 섭취 등에 대한 충분한 정보 및 교육이 필요할 것으로 생각된다.

• 치위생과학회지
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• 제13권4호
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• pp.393-402
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• 2013

본 연구는 국민건강영양조사 제5기 1차년도(2010) 원시 자료를 활용하여 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계를 파악하고자 하였다. 주요변수의 결측 및 당뇨와 골다공증 유병자를 제외하고 최종 1,327명을 연구대상자로 PASW Statistics 18.0 프로그램을 이용하여 분석하였으며, 다음과 같은 결론을 얻었다. 1. 전체(50세 이상) 대상자에서, 비타민 D와 치주질환의 관계는 유의하지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 2. 폐경(양측난소절제술 포함) 여성에서, 비타민 D 결핍 그룹1 (<10)은 충분 그룹(${\geq}30$)에 비해서 치주질환에 걸릴 가능성이 6.66배 높게 나타났다(OR, 6.66; 95% CI, 1.004~44.19). 이상의 결과로 보아 비타민 D와 치주질환은 폐경여성(양측난소절제술 받은 여성 포함)에서 유의미한 음의 상관관계를 갖는 것으로 확인된 바, 치주질환 예방 및 관리 시 이러한 점이 고려되어야 할 것으로 생각된다.

• 환경위생공학
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2005

Chitosan is a dietary fiber because of a linear polysaccharide composed of $\beta-(1{\rightarrow}4)$-linked 2-amino-2-deoxy-D-glucopyranose. In this study, control release system of vitamin C has been estimated in chitosan molecular network as a vitamin C carrier of controlled release. The amount of released vitamin C were decreased in higher amount of chitosan concentration. Especially, vitamin C were slowly released from chitosan solution in dialysis membrane when compared with vitamin C solution alone in dialysis membrane. These result assumed that chitosan driving force is dependent on chitosan molecular weight and cationic property of amino group with anionic property of vitamin C.