• Science of Emotion and Sensibility
• /
• v.18 no.2
• /
• pp.3-18
• /
• 2015

Numerosity perception is considered as an innate ability of human being where its sensivitiy may widely vary across each individual person. The present study explored the relationship between visual working memory (VWM), visual search efficiency, and numerosity sensitivity. To accomplish this, we calculated each participant's K-value from change detection performance representing one's storage capacity in VWM, slopes of search RTs representing the search efficiency, and discrimination sensitivity for a quantity difference across two sets of dot arrays representing the numerosity sensitivity. The correlational analysis across the measurements revealed that participants with a high VWM capacity better discriminated the numerosity difference in the arrays when the spatial information in the two dot arrays was preserved. In contrast, the participants with high search efficiency discriminated better the difference in the arrays when the spatial information in the arrays was not preserved. The results indicate high VWM-capacity individuals were presumably able to use a strategy of storing the dot arrays by grouping them into a smaller pattern of dot arrays while high search-efficiency individuals were able to use a strategy of rapidly switching their focused attention across the dots in the arrays to count each individual dot. These in sum suggest that individual differences in numerosity sensitivity rely on one's working memory capacity as well as their efficient use of switching focused attention.

• Korean Journal of Cognitive Science
• /
• v.21 no.1
• /
• pp.177-197
• /
• 2010

Three experiments compared two hypotheses on visual selection; perceptual load hypothesis and dilution hypothesis. The perceptual load hypothesis predicts that perceptual load of task-relevant processing determines the level of task-irrelevant processing whereas the dilution hypothesis predicts that competition for limited-capacity attentional resource, not perceptual load, determines the locus of selection. To compare the two hypotheses, we investigated the influence of perceptual load in visual search on response interference by a distractor. Experiment 1 and 2 manipulated perceptual load by the set size of a search array and the colors of a target and non-targets, respectively. As a result, distractor interference decreased with a set size regardless of perceptual load. In order to further test the set size effect, Experiment 3 manipulated the perceptual categories of non-targets and a distractor. The results showed that distractor interference decreased only when non-targets belonged to the same category as a distractor. Overall, the current findings support the dilution hypothesis, but not the perceptual load hypothesis, and provide the evidence that visual selection is constrained by capacity-limited, category-specific attentional resources.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
• /
• v.15 no.2
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2017

This study analyzes into the characteristic appearance in distintion with emotional changes toward visual forms of psychology along with character development in the 3D animation industry. In this regard, the study seeks to propose essential targets of the five emotional characters from the Pixar's animation Inside-Out to prove psychological effects to the character's visual appearance. As a previous research, the study analysis the visual representations oriented toward both emotional facial expression and emotional color expression using both Paul Ekman and Robert Plutchik's human basic emotion research. The purpose of this study is to present the visual guideline of emotional character's appearance through the various human expression for differentiated character development in animation production.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
• /
• v.9 no.11
• /
• pp.217-225
• /
• 2018

Different eye-heights due to individuals' body heights may cause different sensory experiences against the same visual scene, eventually leading to their longer-term psycho-social and developmental individual differences. Accordingly, the present study compared sensory properties of photographs for the same scene taken from two different camera-heights (i.e., eye-heights). Two sets of photographs were taken in parallel from two cameras attached to a different height on the same pedestrian's body. Analysis of the photographs revealed that both the levels of visual saliency and complexity were greater for the photographs taken from the high eye-height than those from the low eye-height. The results indicate a possible difference in sensory properties of visual scenes perceived from two different heights, potentially exposing taller individuals to richer and more diverse sensory experiences than shorter individuals.

• Archives of design research
• /
• v.20 no.2 s.70
• /
• pp.77-88
• /
• 2007

Visual trope is one of the important appealing methods of creativity to induce voluntary consumer participation. In many cases, it delivers a message using metaphors. To define the concepts of_metaphor, we investigated methods of expression and significance of metaphor itself and associated forms; in all: metaphor, analogy, catachresis, metonymy, and synecdoche. We also considered the structure of each form to propose a method of metricizing the metaphor Consequently, we found that the metaphor of a visual trope is a type of operation and development of codes. We suggested models for each form type and concept of metaphor through the evaluation of metaphor significance and case study. Metaphor significance forms mutually close relationships with codes of pragmatics, semantics, and syntax. We suggested a type of metrics or a guideline for an expression method and evaluation of a visual trope appropriate for a metaphor form type. Therefore and importantly, the following study presents unique, but manifold results that are also useful in the field of design.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Cognitive Science Conference
• /
• 2006.06a
• /
• pp.47-51
• /
• 2006

본 실험은 한국어 심성어휘집의 표상 정보가 음운정보로 이루어져 있는지, 철자정보로 이루어져 있는지 알아보기 위해 실시되었다. 실험자극은 한국어의 2음절 단어 중 음운변화(자음동화)를 겪는 단어(예: 국민)를 사용하였으며, 각 조건은 철자이웃이 크며 음운 이웃이 큰 단어 조건(O+P+), 철자이웃이 크고 음운이웃은 작은 단어 조건(O+P-), 철자이웃은 작고 음운이웃이 큰 단어 조건(O-P+), 철자이웃과 음운이웃 모두가 작은 조건(O-P-)이었다 실험 1에서 어휘판단 과제를 실시한 결과, 음운이웃 크기와 철자이웃 크기간의 상호작용이 나타났다. 실험2는 동일한 실험자극을 사용한 fMRI 연구를 수행하였다. 실험2 결과 음운처리에 관련된 뇌영역의 활성화가 나타났다. 본 연구결과는 한국어의 경우 심성어휘집이 음운정보로 이루어져 있음을 시사한다.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 2006.05a
• /
• pp.117-120
• /
• 2006

This paper examined two hypotheses. Firstly, if the first syllable of word play an important role in visual word recognition, it may be the unit of word neighbor. Secondly, if the first syllable is the unit of lexical access, the neighborhood size effect and the neighborhood frequency effect would appear in a lexical decision task and a form primed lexical decision task. We conducted two experiments. Experiment 1 showed that words had large neighbors made a inhibitory effect in the LDT(lexical decision task). Experiment 2 showed the interaction between the neighborhood frequency effectand the word form similarity in the form primed LDT. We concluded that the first syllable in Korean words might be the unit of word neighborhood and play a central role in a lexical access.

• Annual Conference on Human and Language Technology
• /
• 2004.10d
• /
• pp.315-318
• /
• 2004

The purpose of this study is to examine the neuroanatomical areas related with onomatopoeia (sound-imitated word). Using the block-designed fMRI, whole-brain images (N=11) were acquired during lexical decisions. We examined how the lexical information initiates brain activation during visual word recognition. The onomatopoeic word recognition activated the bilateral occipital lobes and superior mid-temporal gyrus.

• Proceedings of the KSPS conference
• /
• 2005.11a
• /
• pp.137-140
• /
• 2005

In this study we investigated the cognitive neuropsychological characteristics and the underlying mechanism in a letter-by-letter reading dyslexic patient after cerebral infarct of left posterior cerebral artery using fMRl, The results of cognitive neuropsychological assesment are visual perception was appropriate, and semantic categorization, picture naming and picture-word matching tasks were above83% correct, respectively. However, she was very poor in lexical decision task. The selective reading impairment is thought to result from the disruption of the left occipitotemporal region included fusiform gyrus. In fMRl results, the activation level increase din the right occipitotemporal region included fusiform gyrus compared with normal group in compensation for left impairment and more increased in pseudo word reading task than word reading on account of familiarity.

• Proceedings of KOSOMES biannual meeting
• /
• 2008.05a
• /
• pp.75-80
• /
• 2008

There are a lot of interest and research on practical area of marine leisure but few research on fundamental area. We need to suggest the theoretical basis on the merit of marine leisure. The author analyzed in visual and audio informations of seashore environment based on psychology of emotion aesthetically and musically. As a results, Peoples could get affirmative emotion through participating in seashore relaxation and changed their negative emotion into affirmative.