• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.69-81
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• 2010

The purpose of this study is to analyze the growth characteristics of native Kentucky bluegrass (Poa pratensis L.) collected in Korea. Out of Kentucky bluegrasses collected in 2000 and 2008, eight ecotypes ("Pyengchang," "Gongju," "Inje," "Donggang," "Hwasun," "Pureundle," "Cheongsong," and "Geumsan") were planted in experimental fields and pots on May 11, 2008 and May 3, 2009, respectively, for analyzing their growth characteristics. Data such as visual quality (1-9), visual density (1-9), visual color (1-9), plant height, leaf length and leaf width were analyzed. The visual quality of "Pyengchang," "Inje" and "Gongju" were enhanced compared to the rest native ecotypes of Kentucky bluegrass. "Pyengchang" showed the best visual density while "Gongju" and "Inje" showed almost evenly favorable density. However, "Pureundle," "Cheongsong," and "Geumsan" represented loose density due to the damage from the summer climate of high temperature and humidity in 2009. As for visual color, "Pyengchang" was also ranked first, maintaining high values of at least 7.6 even in the summer climate of high temperature and humidity. "Donggang" showed good color immediately after planting in the experimental field in 2008, however, undesirable color due to the damage from the summer climate of high temperature and humidity in 2009.

• Journal of Korean Society of Industrial and Systems Engineering
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• v.20 no.42
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• pp.39-47
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• 1997

There are four parameters (i.e. overall density, local density, grouping, layout complexity) to consider in designing screen of a visual display terminal. Among these, only the optimum level of overall density is known to be about 25~30% by some studies. Therefore, the present experiment is conducted to define the optimum levels of the other parameters to achieve the user's best performance in visual search task. The results are as follows; (1) The function related to the levels of local density and user's search times is shown to be U -shaped. When the level of local density is about 40%, the search time is shorter than those of any other levels. (2) In the experiment of grouping, user's performance is best when the number of group is 5, and the size of group does not exceed visual angle $5^{\circ}$ (0,088rad). (3) The user performance is improved as the layout becomes less complex.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.23 no.3
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• pp.533-544
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• 1997

Among numerous factors that have an effect on visual field, the effects of background condition on the size of the visual field were investigated to obtain more practical visual field that can be readily applicable to industrial settings. A visual experiment was conducted, in which the subject was instructed to search a target with distinct orientations. Size contrast, meridian, nontarget density, and subject's gender showed a significant effect on the size of the visual field at $\alpha=0.01$. The size of the visual field was linearly proportional to size contrast, and inversely proportional to density. Female's visual fields were found to be significantly larger than male subjects', The size of the visual field on horizontal axis was larger than that on vertical axis, and the size of the head & eye field on right meridian was also larger than that on left meridian. The shape was found to be horizontally oriented oval and statistically asymmetric with respect to horizontal and vertical axes. The regression equations to predict the visual fields on the given background condition were suggested. The visual fields suggested in this study would be valuable to the design of visual displays and the panel layout of various displays and controls.

• Proceedings of the KSRS Conference
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• 1999.11a
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• pp.433-438
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• 1999

The land use type of Korea is high-density. So, the image classification using coarse resolution satellite image may not provide land cover classification results as good as expected. The purpose of this paper is to compare the result of visual interpretation with that of digital image classification of 20 m resolution SPOT satellite image at Kwangju-eup, Kyunggi-do, Korea. Classes are forest, cultivated field, pasture, water and residential area, which are clearly discriminated in visual interpretation. Maximum likelihood classifier was used for digital image classification. Accuracy assessment was done by comparing each classification result with ground truth data obtained from field checking. The classification result from the visual interpretation presented an total accuracy 9.23 percent higher than that of the digital image classification. This proves the importance of visual interpretation for the area with high density land use like the study site in Korea.

• Journal of the Ergonomics Society of Korea
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• v.14 no.1
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• pp.59-67
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• 1995

Depending upon the eye and head movement, the visual field is often classified into three categories ; stationary field, eye field and head and eye field. To investigate the effect of background condition on the size of the visual field, an experiment was conducted, in which the subject was instructed to search a target with distinct orientations. In each trial, a single target was presented on the perimeter modified to cover the range of 330 .deg. around the fixation point, with the visual angle subtended 1.4 .deg. vertically and horizontally. Nontarget density, meridian, size contrast and subject showed a significant effect on the visual field at .alpha. =0.01, where density was inversely proportional to the size of the visual field, and size contrast linearly proportional to the size of the visual field. The size of the visual field on horizontal axis was larger than that on vertical axis, and that on right and upper meridian was also larger than on left and lower meridian. The shape was found to be horizontally oriented oval and statistically asymmetric with respect to horizontal and vertical axes. In addition, the regression equations to predict the visual field on the given background condition were suggested. These results were expected to be used as a design guideline when arranging displays and controls on panels such as automobile display panels, cockpits, etc.

• KSCE Journal of Civil and Environmental Engineering Research
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• v.37 no.6
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• pp.973-980
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• 2017

The purpose of this study is to develop VDFT (Visual Basic based Density-coupled Flow and Transport), a numerical modeling code used to simulate density coupled flow equations used to simulate seawater intrusion in a two dimensional finite difference method. The VDFT code has the advantage of being intuitive and simple to use and has the advantage of utilizing the EXCEL Visual Basic platform, which is widely used for general business purposes. Generally, code developed for numerical simulation can be verified through representative example models called benchmark problem. In this study, we verified the VDFT code using benchmark problem called Henry Problem and Modified Henry Problem as well as two laboratory test data. The results of this study are analyzed the importance of each benchmark problems, validated VDFT code compared to those problems. In conclusion, the possibility of using VDFT code is diagnosed and the direction of future research is suggested.

• Journal of The Korean Astronomical Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.191-215
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• 1991

We have compared the column densities of $H_2CO$, $^{13}CO$, $C^{18}O$, $^{12}CO$, CS, and $HCO^+$ to the visual extinctions derived from star counts in eight dark clouds, L1317, B1, L1551, L1535, L1544, L134, L134N, and B335. We examined the degree of correlation between molecules and extinctions. The contours of $^{13}CO$, $H_2CO$, and CS distributions show an excellent coincidence with those of the visual extinction. Even though the plots of molecule brightness temperature or column density as a function of the visual extinction show a considerable scatter, a good correlation is found between the two quantities. The turnover of the ratios of $^{13}CO$ and $H_2CO$ column densities to the visual extinction at high extinctions observed in several clouds is not apparent in this work. The ratios seem to maintain constant values within the range of $A_V$ we studied. The slopes of the relations between the molecule column density and extinction, and the threshold values of extinction for detection of molecules are comparable to the other works. The cause of the slope difference is discussed. We derived, for the first time, the relations of CS and $HCO^+$ column densities and the visual extinction. The ratio of CS column density to extinction is at least two orders of magnitude lower than the mean value for $^{13}CO$, but the threshold for detection of CS is comparable to that of $^{13}CO$. The ratio of the $HCO^+$ column density to extinction is one to two orders of magnitude lower than the mean ratio for $H_2CO$.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.620-627
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• 2022

This study analyzed the shot pattern through the tempo of segmented shot duration and studied the relationship with the unique emotion of the story. The structure of the story was classified into 3 chapters, 17 sequences, 83 scenes, 287 beats, and 1636 shots. Shot density is a method of visualizing tension in visual storytelling, and since it is a result obtained by mathematically calculating the density of divided shots, it can be helpful in designing tension delivered to the audience. Nine shot density patterns were extracted. The ascending(+) type was classified as A, B, C, D, 4, the descending(-) type, E, F, G, H, 4, and the maintenance(/) type, I, 1 type. Based on the spatiality of the 17 stages of Campbell's heroic narrative and McGee's story structure, the narrative level of the tree structure was proposed, and the symbolic meaning of the shot rhythm in the practical aspect of the story function was proposed to present a systematic methodology in the direction of production.

• Journal of Multimedia Information System
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.219-226
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• 2022

The advancement of realistic visual effects technology provides increasingly immersive experiences and consumer satisfaction with content. The explosion and destruction effects in live-action films and animations are some of the most frequently used visual effects, but they are relatively difficult to execute, so it is challenging to make them look realistic. This study tested a method of effectively realizing computer-generated explosions and destruction. Experiments for this study are as follows: first, the interlink according to density accumulation of the fluid; second, the interlink according to the temperature accumulation of the fluid; and third, the interlink according to the distance between the fluid and the involved objects. This study was conducted to identify an optimal solution for producing computer-generated explosions and destruction.

• MALSORI
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• no.60
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• pp.29-45
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• 2006

We investigated whether the first syllable plays an important role in lexical access in Korean visual word recognition. To do so, one lexical decision task (LDT) and two form primed LDT experiments examined the nature of the syllabic neighborhood effect. In Experiment 1, the syllabic neighborhood density and the syllabic neighborhood frequency was manipulated. The results showed that lexical decision latencies were only influenced by the syllabic neighborhood frequency. The purpose of experiment 2 was to confirm the results of experiment 1 with form-primed LDT task. The lexical decision latency was slower in form-related condition compared to form-unrelated condition. The effect of syllabic neighborhood density was significant only in form-related condition. This means that the first syllable plays an important role in the sub-lexical process. In Experiment 3, we conducted another form-primed LDT task manipulating the number of syllabic neighbors in words with higher frequency neighborhood. The interaction of syllabic neighborhood density and form relation was significant. This result confirmed that the words with higher frequency neighborhood are more inhibited by neighbors sharing the first syllable than words with no higher frequency neighborhood in the lexical level. These findings suggest that the first syllable is the unit of neighborhood and the unit of representation in sub-lexical representation is syllable in Korea.