• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.115-119
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• 2006

Electromagnetic shielding, transparent ITO coating layers have deposited on ocular lens substrate by magnetron sputtering. We investigated the effect induced by the substrate temperature on coating layer. The characteristics of the coating layers were analyzed using surface profiler, four-point probe, XRD, spectrophotometer and Auger Electron spectroscopy. As substrate temperature became higher, carrier concentration was increased and transmittance in the visible region was increased, too.

• Molecules and Cells
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• v.19 no.3
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• pp.408-417
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• 2005

Nitric oxide (NO) occurs in various types of cells in the central nervous system. We studied the distribution and morphology of neuronal nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-containing neurons in the visual cortex of mouse and rabbit with antibody immunocytochemistry. We also compared this labeling to that of calbindin D28K, calretinin, and parvalbumin. Staining for NOS was seen both in the specific layers and in selective cell types. The densest concentration of intense anti-NOS immunoreactive (IR) neurons was found in layer VI, while the weak anti-NOS-IR neurons were found in layer II/III in both animals. The NOS-IR neurons varied in morphology. The large majority of NOS-IR neurons were round or oval cells with many dendrites coursing in all directions. Two-color immunofluorescence revealed that only 16.7% of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with calbindin D28K in the mouse visual cortex, while more than half (51.7%) of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with calretinin and 25.0% of the NOS-IR cells were double-labeled with parvalbumin in mouse. By contrast, 92.4% of the NOS-IR neurons expressed calbindin D28K while only 2.5% of the NOS-IR neurons expressed calretinin in the rabbit visual cortex. In contrast with the mouse, none of the NOS-IR cells in the rabbit visual cortex were double-labeled with parvalbumin. The results indicate that neurons in the visual cortex of both animals express NOS in specific layers and cell types, which do not correlate with the expression of calbindin D28K, calretinin or parvalbumin between the two animals.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.22 no.9
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• pp.76-84
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• 2022

In this paper, in order to compose the visual perception cognitive function training content that can be linked with the IPUZZLE image block, an interactive content device that utilizes photos and videos of smartphones. Four areas of visual memory, visual continuity, spatial relationship, and visual discrimination were derived and the content operation, application method, and scenario were written. It was intended to continuously give and induce children's desire to participate in training by designing the content image and developing the existing learning terrain visual and perceptual cognitive function training materials in the form of mobile mini-games. Experiential activities were conducted for general children and their guardians using the developed contents, and the results were found to be significant in terms of concentration, effect, and effect compared to basic puzzle toys. It is expected that this thesis will be a meaningful data for the study of cognitive function improvement activities based on digital toys and contents.

• Journal of Korea Multimedia Society
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• v.24 no.2
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• pp.295-304
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• 2021

Learning assistance system that continuously measures user's concentration will be helpful to grasp the concentration pattern and adjust the learning method accordingly to improve the learning efficiency. Although a lot of various learning aids have been proposed, there have been few studies on the concentration monitoring system in real time. Therefore, in this study, we developed an Android-based mobile application that can measure concentration during study by using functional near-infrared spectroscopy, which is used to measure brain activity. First, the task accuracy was predicted at a maximum level of 93.75% from the prefrontal oxygenation characteristics measured while performing the visual Q&A task on 11 college students, and a concentration calculation formula based on a linear regression model was derived. Then, a survey on the usability of the mobile application was conducted, overall high satisfaction and positive opinions were obtained. From these findings, this application can be used as a customized learning aid application for users, and further, it can help educators improve the quality of classes based on the level of concentration of learners.

• Journal of Digital Convergence
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.369-373
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• 2012

Educational game is applied by learner's customized education based on its characteristics inducing user's interests and motives and drawing spontaneousness. And, the perception is gradually improved. At present, educational game customized by learners is provided by only the form of character customizing. Therefore, this study suggested visual customizing editor which can provide visual factors to learners in game for more efficient educational game. It will improve interests and motives of learners and increase concentration, so studying effects will be improved.

• Journal of Korean Ophthalmic Optics Society
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• v.14 no.4
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• pp.83-87
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• 2009

Purpose: This study was performed to detect various chemicals such as metal elements and volatile organic compounds which contained in mascara and we analyzed 5 sorts of mascaras frequently used by people. Methods: We purchased five sorts of mascaras commercially available and analyzed for detecting metal elements and volatile organic ingredients. Results: We found somewhat high concentration of aluminum and manganese and several organic compounds in some samples. Conclusions: The results suggest that mascara has metal elements and organic compounds which can influence to eye.

• International Journal of Internet, Broadcasting and Communication
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.230-242
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to verify the effectiveness of the computerized cognitive rehabilitation program in which areas and to suggest effective ways to utilize the program in the future, being conducted for 20 college students. We lasted this study from May 3 to 23, 2021. As a result of analyzing the groups using the Computer-based Cognitive Rehabilitation Program (CoTras), in terms of the difference in accuracy for the case of visual perception group B was statistically significantly improved than group C(p<0.05). In the case of attention, memory, and orientation, there was no significant difference between groups(p>0.05). In the case of reaction time difference, there was no significant difference between groups in visual perception, concentration, memory, and orientation(p>0.05). And in order to improve attention and visual perception, it is recommended to conduct the program three times with a duration of 20 minutes, and in order to improve orientation and memory, it can be said that it is helpful to conduct one experiment for at least 30 minutes rather than conducting short and frequent experiments. Through this study, we found that it is effective to apply different times according to each area to improve cognitive function. In other words, depending on the purpose of which cognitive function is to be improved, the duration of the program should be applied differently.

• Membrane Journal
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.365-371
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• 2016

A numerical analysis was performed for a separation of carbon dioxide and methane using 2-staged, membrane process where two polysulfone hollow fiber membrane modules were connected to provide both the methane concentration richer than 95% and the recovery higher than 90% using the recycled flows. The Compaq Visual Fortran 6.6 software was utilized for the numerical simulation. Both the methane concentration and the recovery % of methane could be successfully predicted as the function of the operating conditions. As the feed pressure, the methane concentration, and the flow rate increase, the methane concentration in a product is also found to increase and the recovery of methane is found to decrease.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
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• v.43 no.5
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• pp.391-398
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• 2011

Physiological responses to salinity stress were evaluated in six rice genotypes differing in their tolerance to salinity at the seedling stage. Susceptible genotypes ('Dongjingbyeo', 'Hwayeongbyeo', and 'IR29') showed salt injury symptoms (mean 8.8) and higher visual score under salt stress than that of tolerant ones ('Pokkali', 'IR74009', and 'IR73571'). As salinity affects growth and physiological parameters, the six genotypes thus showed significant reduction because of salt stress. Tolerant Japonica/Indica bred lines ('IR74009', 'IR73571') showed lower reduction, 33.9%, 34.5%, and 50%, respectively, in plant seedling height, dry shoot weight and dry root weight than those of the susceptible Japonica varieties ('Dongjingbyeo', 'Hwayeongbyeo'), and the highest reduction under salt stress was observed in dry root weight, followed by dry shoot weight and seedling height, respectively. Shoot $Na^+$ concentration of IR74099 and IR73571 was lower than that of the susceptible varieties, 'Dongjinbyeo' and 'Hwayeongbyeo'. There were no significant differences among genotypes in root $Na^+$ concentration. Shoot $K^+$ concentration showed a reverse tendency compared to shoot $Na^+$ concentration. IR74009 and IR73571 had considerably lower ratio compared to 'Dongjinbyeo' and 'Hwayeongbyeo' in $Na^+/K^+$ ratio of their shoot and was not different the tolerant check, 'Pokkali'.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.11 no.4
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• pp.121-131
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• 2011

Visual tactility implies feelings of touch through sight. To be exact, the eyes are doing the touch rather than the body and the subject concerned will experience the sensation of touch by looking at an object similar to that of physical touch. This is quasi tactility to put it simply and it can be defined as to touch with the eyes. This can not only provide opportunities to experience something close to reality but also another completely different form of modern experience. Experiencing visual tactility through the use of the web permits lavish communication between the user and the designer. This paper has reorganize the concept of visual tactility, characteristic and way to use in digital contents. Visual tactility stimulates the users' emotion as such. If it was to be utilized to develop edutainment contents or web sites will foster children's capability to develope problem solving skills and raise efficiency in creative learning, and prolong the period of concentration in order to encourage revisits to the place and extend the time of stay.