• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.95-101
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• 2013

The paper investigates the geometric effect of landmarks to the navigation error in the landmark based 3D vision navigation and introduces the INS/Vision integrated navigation system considering its effect. The integrated system uses the vision navigation results taking into account the dilution of precision for landmark geometry. Also, the integrated system helps the vision navigation to consider it. An indirect filter with feedback structure is designed, in which the position and the attitude errors are measurements of the filter. Performance of the integrated system is evaluated through the computer simulations. Simulation results show that the proposed algorithm works well and that better performance can be expected when the error characteristics of vision navigation are considered.

• Journal of Positioning, Navigation, and Timing
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• 제6권2호
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• pp.59-70
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• 2017

Since GPS signals are vulnerable to interference and obstruction, many alternate aiding systems have been proposed to integrate with an inertial navigation system. Among these alternate systems, the vision-aided method has become more attractive due to its benefits in weight, cost and power consumption. This paper proposes a loosely-coupled vision/INS integrated navigation method which can work in GPS-denied environments. The proposed method improves the navigation accuracy by correcting INS navigation and sensor errors using position and attitude outputs of a landmark based vision navigation system. Furthermore, it has advantage to provide redundant navigation output regardless of INS output. Computer simulations and the van tests have been carried out in order to show validity of the proposed method. The results show that the proposed method works well and gives reliable navigation outputs with better performance.

• 전자통신동향분석
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2024

As Advanced Air Mobility (AAM) technologies evolve, ensuring accurate navigation and localization in complex urban airspaces has become crucial. Because the Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) is prone to vulnerabilities in urban flight environment, an alternative localization technique is required. This paper examines vision-based localization technologies to enhance GNSS-free navigation. In addition, we explore various geo-referencing studies that utilize pre-existing spatial databases to improve the accuracy of vision-based localization under GNSS-denied conditions. This paper discusses the various types of onboard vision camera sensors, vision-based localization, spatial information databases, feature extraction methods, and matching techniques that contribute to the development of a vision-based localization and geo-referencing system for AAM, ensuring safety and reliability in urban operations.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제61권3호
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• pp.479-484
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• 2012

Geometric effect of landmarks to the navigation error is investigated in the two-dimensional line-of-sight measurement based vision navigation system. DOP is derived between line-of-sight measurement error and navigation solution error. For cases of three landmarks in an area, variations of the DOP were observed through computer simulations. Vision navigation system experiments were performed for the cases. Simulation and experimental results show that navigation solution errors have similar trend to DOP values of the simulation.

• 제어로봇시스템학회논문지
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• 제14권8호
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• pp.745-751
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• 2008

This paper presents a framework for GPS/INS/Vision based navigation system of helicopters. GPS/INS coupled algorithm has weak points such as GPS blockage and jamming, while the helicopter is a speedy and high dynamical vehicle amenable to lose the GPS signal. In case of the vision sensor, it is not affected by signal jamming and also navigation error is not accumulated. So, we have implemented an GPS/INS/Vision aided navigation system providing the robust localization suitable for helicopters operating in various environments. The core algorithm is the vision based simultaneous localization and mapping (SLAM) technique. For the verification of the SLAM algorithm, we performed flight tests. From the tests, we confirm the developed system is robust enough under the GPS blockage. The system design, software algorithm, and flight test results are described.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제19권3호
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• pp.539-547
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• 2016

Automated guided vehicles (AGVs) are widely used in industry. Several types of vision-based AGVs have been studied in order to reduce cost of infrastructure building at floor of workspace and to increase flexibility of changing the navigation path layout. A practical vision-based guideline tracing method is proposed in this paper. A virtual tracing wheel is introduced and adopted in this method, which enables a vision-based AGV to trace a guideline in diverse ways. This method is also useful for preventing damage of the guideline by enforcing the real steering wheel of the AGV not to move on the guideline. Usefulness of the virtual tracing wheel is analyzed through computer simulations. Several navigation tests with a commercial AGV were also performed on a usual guideline layout and we confirmed that the virtual tracing wheel based tracing method could work practically well.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제45권8호
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• pp.671-677
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• 2017

본 논문은 관성항법시스템(Inertial Navigation System)과 비전 센서(Vision Sensor)를 활용한 통합 항법시스템의 성능 향상을 위한 INS/멀티비전 통합항법 시스템을 제시하였다. 기존의 단일 센서나 스테레오 비전(Stereo vision)을 활용한 경우 측정되는 랜드마크의 수가 적을 경우 필터가 발산하는 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위해 본 논문에서는 3개의 비전 센서를 동체를 기준으로 $0^{\circ}$, $120^{\circ}$, $-120^{\circ}$으로 설치하여 단일 센서로 사용되는 경우보다 성능이 향상됨을 수치 시뮬레이션을 통하여 검증하였다.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제63권8호
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• pp.1104-1110
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• 2014

This paper investigates geometric effect of landmarks on three-dimensional navigation error in landmark-based vision navigation systems. Dilution of precision is derived for landmark measurement error on the focal plane of the camera and separately expressed in position DOP and attitude DOP. Values of DOP are observed for various configurations of landmarks.

• 센서학회지
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• 제20권3호
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• pp.178-186
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• 2011

Line tracking is a well defined method of mobile robot navigation. It is simple in concept, technically easy to implement, and already employed in many industrial sites. Among several different line tracking methods, magnetic sensing is widely used in practice. In comparison, vision-based tracking is less popular due mainly to its sensitivity to surrounding conditions such as brightness and floor characteristics although vision is the most powerful robotic sensing capability. In this paper, a vision-based robust path line detection technique is proposed for the navigation of a mobile robot assuming uncontrollable surrounding conditions. The technique proposed has four processing steps; color space transformation, pixel-level line sensing, block-level line sensing, and robot navigation control. This technique effectively uses hue and saturation color values in the line sensing so to be insensitive to the brightness variation. Line finding in block-level makes not only the technique immune from the error of line pixel detection but also the robot control easy. The proposed technique was tested with a real mobile robot and proved its effectiveness.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.274-282
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• 2019

무인항공기의 영상 기반 항법은 널리 사용되는 GPS/INS 통합 항법 시스템의 취약점을 보강할 수 있는 중요한 기술로 이에 대한 연구가 활발히 이루어지고 있다. 하지만 일반적인 영상 대조 기법은 실제 항공기 비행 상황들을 적절하게 고려하기 힘들다는 단점이 있다. 따라서 본 논문에서는 영상기반 항법을 위한 가우시안 혼합 모델 기반의 파티클 필터를 제안한다. 제안한 파티클 필터는 영상과 데이터베이스를 가우시안 혼합 모델로 가정하여 둘 간의 유사도를 이용하여 항체의 위치를 추정한다. 또한 몬테카를로 시뮬레이션을 통해 위치 추정 성능을 확인한다.