• 전기화학회지
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• 제13권3호
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• pp.198-202
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• 2010

Lithium co-polyelectrolyte-ionic liquid systems, using poly (lithium 2-acrylamido-2-methyl propanesulfonate; PAMPSLi) and polyvinyl formamid (PVF) were prepared and their electrochemical and physical properties were measured. The conductivity of co-polymer systems, PAMPSLi/PVF/N, N-dimethyl-N-propyl-N-butylammonium tricyanomethanide (PAMPSLi/PVF/$N_{1134}$TCM) and PAMPSLi/PVF/N, N-dimethyl-N-propyl-N-butylammonium dicyanamide (PAMPSLi/PVF/$N_{1134}$DCA) exhibited low viscosity ($N_{1134}$TCM:$N_{1134}$DCA 28.6cP, 28.7cP) and higher conductivity ($2.48{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$, $2.2{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$) than homopolymer system. The ionic conductivity PAMPSLi/PVF/1-ethyl-3-methyl imidazolium dicyanamide (PAMPSLi/PVF/emImDCA) exhibited $1.54{\times}10^{-3}Scm^{-1}$ and low viscosity (emImDCA: 28.09cP). High flexibility of imidazolium cation and dissociation of lithium cation from the co-polymer chains were affected by high conductivity and low viscosity.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제16권3호
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• pp.140-145
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• 2011

Gelled propellants are non-Newtonian fluids in which the viscosity is a function of the shear rate, and they have a high dynamic shear viscosity which depends on the amount of gelling agent contents. The present study has focused on the breakup process, wave development of ligament and liquid sheets formed by impinging jets with various gelling agent contents. The breakup process of like-on-like doublet impinging jets are experimentally characterized using non-Newtonian liquids. The spray shape with elliptical pattern is distributed in a perpendicular direction to the momentum vectors of the jets. Gelled propellant simulants with high viscosity jets are more stable and produce less pronounced surface waves than low viscosity jets. Gelled propellant simulants from like-on-like doublet impinging jets have the spray shape of closed rim patterns at low pressure. As the injection pressure increased, rimless patterns which were composed of ligament sheets and small droplets emerged due to the effect of the aerodynamic action.

• 한국섬유공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국섬유공학회 1990년도 제2차 학술발표초록집
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• pp.36-37
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• 1990

In the past, facile dissolution of cellulose has been hampered by the lack of suitable nondegrading solvents. Recently, this problem has been solved in our laboratory by the discovery of an inexpensive, convenient solvent system, that is the mixture of $NH_3\;and\;NH_4SCN$, for cellulose. Also, the $cellulose/NH_3/NH_4SCN$ solution system has been found to form the anisotropic, i.e., liquid crystalline phase. It is believed that both the cholesterio and the nematic phase occur. This finding has prompted extensive on-going researoh on the formation of the liquid crystalline phase from an inexpensive natural source such as cellulose since the nematic phase is envisioned as an excellent precursor sources for products with desirable properties, for example, high modulus and high strength. This interest naturally leads to a desire to understand the theological properties of the nematic phase so that the transformation of the nematic phase to the solid state with desirable properties can be efficiently accomplished, ;From this point of view, the theological behavior of the $cellulose/NH3_/NH_4SCN$ system has been studied as a function of shear rate and shear stress over a wide range of solvent compositions, cellulose concentration, centrifugation and urea contents, Results indicate that the viscosity decreases with increasing shear rate. A marked shear thinning behavior and a quasi-Newtonian behavior were observed in the low shear rate region and in the high shear rate region, respectively for all solvent compositions. The $cellulose/NH_3/NH_4SCN$ solution system only exhibited the viscosity increase with increasing cellulose concentration and failed to show the viscosity drop generally observed at the point of incipience of liquid crystal formation, This may be due to the gel-like nature of the solution by the association of the rodlike molecules into bundles which may serve as crosslinking points giving the cellulose solution a network structure. Also, simply hydrogen bonding may be so restrictive of molecular mobility that a viscosity drop is blocked. In addition to the above results, yield stress and thixotropy were also observed in the $cellulose/NH_3/NB_4SCN$ solution system which are characteristics of liquid crystal and gel, The results of the effect of centrifugation on viscosity show that viscosity decreases by the application of centrifugation. This may be explained by the change of the piled polydomain structure to the dispersed polydomain structure due to the pressure gradient generated during centrifugation.ation.

• Bulletin of the Korean Chemical Society
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1211-1214
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• 2003

The anomalies that appear at every multiple of 15 ℃ in the viscosity of a thin liquid film of water and of water near solid interfaces are explained in this paper by comparing the thermal wavelength and molecular free volume of water, and quantum numbers are found. The possibility that these anomalies are related to the preferred and/or lethal temperatures of organisms is considered. The toxicity of heavy water (D₂O) can also be explained with this approach.

• Journal of Ship and Ocean Technology
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• 제7권4호
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• pp.32-40
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• 2003

Numerical simulation code is developed to study the formation of liquid drops from a nozzle into another quiescent liquid. The Navier-Stokes equations for two immiscible, incompressible, Newtonian fluids are solved on a fixed, staggered grid of cylindrical axisymmetric coordinates. Interfacial motion is captured using a Front-Tracking Method. The time variation of interfacial shape simulated by the code is in excellent agreement with experiments. Simulation results show that the viscosity ratio affects the size of the satellite drops.

• Korean Chemical Engineering Research
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• 제54권5호
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• pp.706-711
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• 2016

점성유체 액체-고체 순환유동층에서 고체순환속도의 특성에 대해 고찰하였다. 주액체유속, 2차액체의 유속, 유동입자의 크기, 액체의 점도 그리고 입자의 재순환을 위한 장치에서 입자 저장층의 높이가 입자의 순환속도에 미치는 영향을 검토하였다. 입자의 순환속도는 주액체의 유속, 2차액체의 유속, 액체의 점도 그리고 입자저장층의 높이가 증가함에 따라 증가하였으나, 유동입자의 크기가 증가함에 따라서는 감소하였다. 순환유동층의 상승관에서 유동입자의 상승속도는 주액체유속과 2차액체의 유속비($U_{L1}/U_{L2}$)와 유동입자의 크기가 증가함에 따라 감소하였다. 상승관에서 입자의 미끄러짐속도 즉, 연속액상의 유속과 유동입자의 상승속도비($U_L/U_S$)는 연속 액상의 점도가 증가함에 따라 감소하였으나, 유동입자의 크기가 증가함에 따라 증가하였다. 본 연구에서 구한 고체 순환속도는 실험변수 및 무차원군의 함수들로 상관식을 얻을 수 있었다.

• 한국분무공학회지
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• 제14권3호
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• pp.122-130
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• 2009

Vegetable oil and its derivatives as an alternative diesel fuel have become more attractive recently because of its environmental benefits and the fact that they are made from renewable resources. Viscosity is the most significant property to affect the utilization of vegetable oil and its derivatives in the compression ignition engines. This paper presents the existing correlations for predicting the viscosity of vegetable oil and its derivatives for compression ignition engines. According to the parameter considered in the correlations, the empirical correlations can be divided into six groups: correlations as a function of temperature, of proportion, of composition, of temperature and composition, of temperature and proportion, and of fuel properties. Out of physical properties of fuel, there exist in the literature several parameters for giving the influence on kinematic viscosity such as density, specific gravity, the ratio of iodine value over the saponification value, higher heating value, flash point and pressure. The study for the verification of applicability of existing correlations to non-edible vegetable oil and its derivatives is required.

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제4권4호
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• pp.303-308
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• 1975

• 대한설비공학회지:설비저널
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.25-28
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• 1976

• 한국광학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국광학회 2007년도 하계학술발표회 논문집
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• pp.133-134
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• 2007