• 한국컴퓨터산업학회논문지
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• 제10권1호
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• pp.13-20
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• 2009

최근 인터넷의 비약적인 발전으로 인하여, 해킹과 바이러스가 빠르게 퍼지고 있다. 이러한 역기능에 대응하기 위하여, 방화벽과 침입탐지시스템 같은 보안시스템이 개발되어 활용되고 있지만, 이러한 기법은 공격에 대한 한계점을 가지고 있어, 해킹 사고는 계속적으로 증가하고 있다. 이에 따라, 악의적 의도를 가진 침입자를 추적할 수 있는 자동화된 실시간 역추적 기법을 적용하여, 해킹 자체의 발생건수를 줄일 수 있는 방법에 대한 연구가 필요하게 되었다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 문제를 해결하기 위하여 IP 역추적 시스템을 제안하고자 한다. 역추적을 위하여 ICMP 형태의 역추적 메시지를 구현하고, 로컬 네트워크에 배치되는 에이전트와 관리 네트워크에 배치되는 서버 프레임워크를 설계하고, 능동형 보안시스템을 기반으로 침입자를 추적하고 고립화 하기위한 보안메커니즘을 구현한다.

• 한국컴퓨터정보학회논문지
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• 제18권11호
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• pp.125-136
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• 2013

본 논문에서는 SSL VPN을 기반으로 사용자 인증과 사용자 단말의 무결성을 검증할 수 있는 네트워크 접근제어 기술을 제안한다. 사용자 단말이 VPN을 이용해 내부 네트워크에 접속할 때 사용자 인증과 사용자 단말의 보안패치, 바이러스 백신 등의 보안 서비스를 확인하는 안전성 검사를 수행한다. 그리고 변종의 악성코드를 탐지하기 위해 사용자 단말의 윈도우 API 정보를 통한 행위패턴을 바탕으로 악성코드를 탐지하고, 탐지의 신뢰도를 높이기 위해 순서패턴의 유사도를 비교하여 변종의 악성코드를 탐지하여 외부의 보안 위협으로부터 시스템을 보호한다.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• 제52권2호
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• pp.109-114
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• 2019

Objectives: The purpose of this study was to characterize Indonesian women's knowledge of HIV/AIDS and to investigate the effects of socio-demographic characteristics thereupon with the goal of supporting the prevention and early detection of HIV/AIDS. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted using secondary data from the standard Indonesian Demographic and Health Survey (IDHS) in 2012. A total of 34 984 subjects ranged in age from 15 years to 49 years. Data were analyzed using the chi-square test and logistic regression to identify the effects of socio-demographic characteristics on Indonesian women's knowledge of HIV/AIDS. Results: All socio-demographic characteristics except marital status were related to knowledge of HIV/AIDS among Indonesian women in the univariate analysis (p<0.05). Multivariate analysis revealed that only age group, education level, location of residence, and wealth index were related to Indonesian women's knowledge of HIV/AIDS (p<0.05). Conclusions: Indonesian women's insufficient knowledge related to HIV/AIDS shows that the provision of accurate and comprehensive information related to HIV/AIDS are components of prevention and control interventions that should be improved. With greater knowledge, women are expected to be more likely to determine their own and their partners' human immunodeficiency virus status and to take appropriate preventive steps.

• 한국기계가공학회지
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• 제20권4호
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• pp.106-112
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• 2021

Thermoplastic microfluidic devices are used in BioMEMS for medical and biotechnology applications, such as gene extraction, DNA analysis, and virus detection. In this research, a simple fabrication protocol with a commercially available pneumatic hot press is proposed and demonstrated for polycarbonate microfluidic devices. Microfluidic channels with a width of 200 ㎛ and a height of 10 ㎛ were designed and machined onto a brass plate as a mold insert using a CNC milling machine. The resulting microfluidic channels on the mold insert were assessed and found to have an actual width of 198 ㎛ and a height of 10 ± 0.25 ㎛. The microfluidic channels were replicated on a polycarbonate sheet using the proposed replication technique at 146℃ for 20 minutes under a constant load of 2400 kgf. The devices were then naturally cooled to 100℃ while maintaining the same pressure. It was found that the microchannels were successfully replicated in the polycarbonate, with a width of 198 ㎛ and a height of 10.07 ㎛. The proposed replication technique thus offers the rapid mass production of high-quality microfluidic devices at a low cost with a process that, unlike conventional photolithography systems, does not require expensive equipment.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• 제9권4호
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• pp.132-138
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• 2020

Worldwide, the number of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID-19) confirmed cases is rapidly increasing. Although vaccines and treatments for COVID-19 are being developed, the disease is unlikely to disappear completely. By attaching a smart sensor to the respirator worn by medical staff, Internet of Things (IoT) technology and artificial intelligence (AI) technology can be used to automatically detect the medical staff's infection symptoms. In the case of medical staff showing symptoms of the disease, appropriate medical treatment can be provided to protect the staff from the greater risk. In this study, we design and develop a system that detects cough, a typical symptom of respiratory infectious diseases, by applying IoT technology and artificial technology to respiratory protection. Because the cough sound is distorted within the respirator, it is difficult to guarantee accuracy in the AI model learned from the general cough sound. Therefore, coughing and non-coughing sounds were recorded using a sensor attached to a respirator, and AI models were trained and performance evaluated with this data. Mel-spectrogram conversion method was used to efficiently classify sound data, and the developed cough recognition system had a sensitivity of 95.12% and a specificity of 100%, and an overall accuracy of 97.94%.

• 대한의생명과학회지
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• 제26권4호
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• pp.302-309
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• 2020

Human Coxsackievirus B5 (HuCoxV-B5) infection has been associated with various diseases such as myocarditis, aseptic meningitis, hand-foot-and mouth-disease, and insulin-dependent diabetes. HuCoxV-B5 is a virus transmitted through the fecal-oral route and is detected in clinics, aquatic environments, food, shellfish, etc. and is one of the more important viruses in public health because of its incidence rate reported worldwide. In this study, a combination of SYBR Green-based real-time PCR primers for molecular diagnosis including monitoring of HuCoxV-B5 was selected and the optimal reaction conditions were established. Compared with the previously reported TaqMan probe-based real-time PCR method, assessments including a sample applicability test were performed. Results showed that the real-time PCR method developed in this study was suitable for a molecular diagnostic technique for detecting HuCoxV-B5. This study is expected to contribute to efforts in responding to safety accidents in public health because the proposed method facilitates rapid diagnosis of clinical patients. It can also be used as a specific monitoring tool of HuCoxV-B5 in non-clinical areas such as aquatic environments among others.

• Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• 제45권1호
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• pp.10-16
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• 2021

Background: Ranavirus is an emerging infectious disease which has been linked to mass mortality events in various amphibian species. In this study, we document the first mass mortality event of an adult population of Dybowski's brown frogs (Rana dybowskii), in 2017, within a mountain valley in South Korea. Results: We confirmed the presence of ranavirus from all collected frogs (n = 22) via PCR and obtained the 500 bp major capsid protein (MCP) sequence from 13 individuals. The identified MCP sequence highly resembled Frog virus 3 (FV3) and was the same haplotype of a previously identified viral sequence collected from Huanren brown frog (R. huanrenensis) tadpoles in South Korea. Human habitat alteration, by recent erosion control works, may be partially responsible for this mass mortality event. Conclusion: We document the first mass mortality event in a wild Korean population of R. dybowskii. We also suggest, to determine if ranavirus infection is a threat to amphibians, government officials and researchers should develop continuous, country-wide, ranavirus monitoring programs of Korean amphibian populations.

• Clinical and Experimental Reproductive Medicine
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• 제47권4호
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• pp.245-262
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• 2020

In recent years, nanotechnology has revolutionized global healthcare and has been predicted to exert a remarkable effect on clinical medicine. In this context, the clinical use of nanomaterials for cancer diagnosis, fertility preservation, and the management of infertility and other pathologies linked to pubertal development, menopause, sexually transmitted infections, and HIV (human immunodeficiency virus) has substantial promise to fill the existing lacunae in reproductive healthcare. Of late, a number of clinical trials involving the use of nanoparticles for the early detection of reproductive tract infections and cancers, targeted drug delivery, and cellular therapeutics have been conducted. However, most of these trials of nanoengineering are still at a nascent stage, and better synergy between pharmaceutics, chemistry, and cutting-edge molecular sciences is needed for effective translation of these interventions from bench to bedside. To bridge the gap between translational outcome and product development, strategic partnerships with the insight and ability to anticipate challenges, as well as an indepth understanding of the molecular pathways involved, are highly essential. Such amalgamations would overcome the regulatory gauntlet and technical hurdles, thereby facilitating the effective clinical translation of these nano-based tools and technologies. The present review comprehensively focuses on emerging applications of nanotechnology, which holds enormous promise for improved therapeutics and early diagnosis of various human reproductive tract diseases and conditions.

• 대한한의학회지
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• 제41권4호
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• pp.106-111
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• 2020

Objectives: Hepatitis A is a typical acute hepatitis caused by hepatovirus, and then most patients recover easily without progression to chronic condition. However, certain cases have the risk of severe symptoms or even death. This case report presented a hepatitis A accompanied with pancreatitis, which had been completely recovered in a Korean medicine hospital. Case presentation: A 38-year woman had felt the malaise, mild chilling, muscle pain and abdominal discomfort for 10 days, which led her visit doctors and took anti-pyretic analgesics and digestants. The symptoms, especially epigastric pain and fatigue, became worse, and then she hospitalized in a Korean medicine hospital. Based on the drastic elevations of hepatic enzymes (aspartate transaminase 1,604 IU/L and alanine transaminase 2,825IU/L) with an anti-HAV IgM positive, she was diagnosed with hepatitis A. After bed rest and herbal drug treatment (CGX and Innae-Tang) for 5 days, the laboratory abnormalities and subjective symptoms had been improved gradually, except the upper gastric discomfort and pain. Those symptoms had anticipated the comorbidity with HAV-induced pancreatitis, supported by the high level of serum lipase release. Another 5-day hospitalized treatment improved all subjective symptoms and then the laboratory results were completely normalized including detection of anti-HAV IgG within 15 days after discharge. Conclusion: This study presented a typical hepatitis A accompanied with pancreatitis, which should be considered in diagnosis and management of hepatitis A.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.309-314
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• 2012

연구는 방글라데시에서 조류인플루엔자와 뉴캐슬 질병 바이러스가 국내의 현장 샘플에서 혼합항원키트의 민감도와 특이성을 평가하기 위하여 육계 및 산란계와 토종 닭 그리고 사육 야생오리, 거위, 비둘기와 메추라기로부터 야외 샘플을 수집하였다. 샘플은 방글라데시의 5 지역에서 발생한 조류인플루엔자 자연감염된 것으로 의심되는 닭과 야생사육조수로부터 수집되었다. 각 지역으로부터 2마리씩 선택적으로 샘플을 수집하였으며, 각 조류에서는 면봉을 이용하여 기도, 총배설강, 구-비강으로부터 3가지 유형의 샘플을 채취하였다. 70 마리의 조류에서 총210개의 야외 샘플이 수집되었으며, 조류인플레인자와 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 혼합항원신속진단키트를 검사하였다. 210개 샘플 중에서 15개(5 마리)가 조류인플루엔자 바이러스, 63개(21 마리)가 뉴캣슬병 바이러스, 27개(9 마리)에서 두 가지의 혼합감염이 나 타났으며, 그 외에서는 모두 음성으로 나타났다. 5 곳의 조류인플루엔자 양성 중에서 Mymensingh, Netrokona, Gibandha와 Kurigram의 마켓으로부터 산란계에서, Kurigram의 마켓에서 토종닭에서 양성이 나타났다. 야생사육조수는 뉴캣슬병에 양성이거나 또는 조류인플루엔자와 뉴캣슬병 바이러스에는 감염되지 않았다. 조류인플루엔자 및 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 신속진단키트로 기도, 총배설강, 구-비강으로부터 채집한 샘플에서 동시에 검출할 수 있는 것으로서 효과적으로 사용될 것으로 평가되었다. 조류인플레인자와 뉴캣슬병 바이러스 혼합 항원 검사 결과는 명확히 두 개의 바이러스 검출을 위한 테스트 키트로서 적은 노력과 대규모의 필드 샘플로부터 이들 바이러스의 검출에 효과적으로 사용될 수 있는 최신의 과학적 방법이며, 신속하게 질병을 진단할 수 있었다.