• 한국정밀공학회지
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• 제16권5호통권98호
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• pp.112-123
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• 1999

Virtual reality is becoming a powerful tool for various applications such as training, entertainment, surgery, tele-robotics etc. One potential use for virtual reality is to allow several users to interact in a single virtual environment, for example several students sitting in front of different computers connected over a network. In this paper, we present a loosely coupled architecture of haptic display in the multi-user virtual world. The method of controlling haptic devices as well as the way of configuring individual haptic display system are addressed. We will develop an experimental virtual reality system for two remote users and conclude with an experimental work for the task of a multi-player ping-pong and grasping of a common object.

• Journal of Mechanical Science and Technology
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• 제14권9호
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• pp.956-967
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• 2000

In this paper, we explore the issues of force display in the cooperative virtual environment shared by multiple users distributed over the network with heterogeneous hardware platforms. The proposed method is to cope with the problem of small time delay and the difference of sampling rate in the distributed configuration. In the proposed approach the interaction forces of the participants are just treated as the independent sources of acceleration. Thus the action of a participant simply changes the acceleration of the virtual object and consequently the states of the virtual object will be updated. When the updated states are reported to all the participants, the information on the time of state changes is delivered, too. Employing the discrete state information updated by the other users, each user modifies his own virtual environment and pseudo-realtime simulation can be realized. Excluding the software interface and the communication technique, it is proposed the simulation method for the operation of respective users and the way of calculating the driving input to the display device. For experimental verification we construct a cooperative virtual environment shared by two remote users and outline the results of experiments.

• 한국멀티미디어학회논문지
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• 제24권8호
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• pp.1090-1100
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• 2021

Recently, as indoor activities increase due to the spread of infectious diseases, the metaverse is attracting attention. Metaverse refers to content in which the virtual world and the real world are closely related, and its representative platform technology is VR(Virtual Reality). However, since VR hardware is difficult to access in terms of cost, the concept of streaming-based cloud VR has emerged. This study proposes a server configuration and deployment method in an edge network when metaverse content involving multiple users operates based on cloud VR. The proposed algorithm deploys the edge server in consideration of the network and computing resources and client location for cloud VR, which requires a high level of computing resources while at the same time is very sensitive to latency. Based on simulation, it is confirmed that the proposed algorithm can effectively reduce the total network traffic load regardless of the number of applications or the number of users through comparison with the existing deployment method.

• 디지털산업정보학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.131-139
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• 2010

Virtual reality(VR) technology allows users to experience the same sensation as if they look and feel real objects, and furthermore it enables users to experience phenomena in virtual environment which are difficult to illustrate in real world. A multichannel display is one of the virtual reality systems for generating high-quality images and guaranteeing a wide view angle using multiple projectors. In this work, we present the multichannel display system whose resolution is $4096{\times}1536$. We implement an automatic calibration (geometric and color) method for compensating the distorted image and color. The results clearly show the proposed system provides continuous and smooth images.

• Journal of Information Processing Systems
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.489-498
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• 2013

In this paper, we propose a common simulation model that can be reused for different performance evaluations of networked virtual environments. To this end, we analyzed the common features of NVEs, in which multiple regions compose a shared space, and where a user has his/her own interest area. Communication architecture can be client-server or peer-server models. In usual simulations, users move around the world while the number of users varies with the system. Our model provides various simulation parameters to customize the region configuration and user movement pattern. Furthermore, our model introduces a way to mimic a lot of users in a minimal experiment environment. The proposed model is integrated with our network framework, which supports various scalability approaches. We specifically applied our model to the interest management and load distribution schemes to evaluate communication overhead. With the proposed simulation model, a new simulation can be easily designed in a large-scale environment.

• 한국방송∙미디어공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국방송공학회 1998년도 Proceedings of International Workshop on Advanced Image Technology
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• pp.1-3
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• 1998

The 21st century will see the formation of a“Cyber society”that, while separate form the real world, will cooperate with it, leading to the further expansion and development of world society. Cyber society allows the formation of virtual space through the connection of multiple computers in a network. In this virtual space, multiple users can communicate with each other and can collect and exchange information while moving about freely and engaging in activities. Three main technologies are vital to the construction of the Cyber society: platform technology for converting multimedia information to optical signals and performing digital processing and communication processing on such signals; communications network technology for transferring these signals from one point to another; and application technology for configuring the Cyber society that will be formed on this network. This paper describes platform technology and network technology with an emphasis on their relationship to application technology for configuring the Cyber society, and will also discuss InterSpace, one of the cyber society platform system of the Cyber society.

• 정보처리학회논문지:컴퓨터 및 통신 시스템
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.9-22
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• 2022

VR(Virtual Reality) 기술은 사용자에게 컴퓨터 그래픽으로 구성된 가상 세계를 보여줌으로써 다양한 시청각 기반 응용에 적극적으로 활용되는 인터페이스 기술이다. VR 기반 응용은 그래픽 처리 기반 응용이기 때문에 그래픽 처리를 위해 GPU(Graphics Processing Unit)가 장착된 고가의 컴퓨팅 장치가 필수적으로 요구된다. 이는 VR 응용 사용자에게 컴퓨팅 장치의 유지, 관리에 대한 비용 부담을 발생시키며, 이를 해결하는 방법의 하나로써 서비스를 클라우드 환경에서 운용하는 방법이 사용되고 있다. 본 논문에서는 다수의 컨테이너가 VR 응용을 실행하기 위해 GPU를 공유하는 컨테이너 기반 고성능 클라우드 환경에서 GPU 자원 경쟁으로 인해 발생하는 컨테이너 사이의 성능 간섭 문제를 해결하기 위한 성능 관리 기법을 제안한다. 제안하는 기법은 성능 간섭으로 인한 성능 편차를 감소시켜 사용자에게 균일한 성능의 클라우드 기반 원격 VR 서비스를 제공할 수 있도록 지원한다. 또한, 본 논문에서는 실험을 통해 제안하는 기법의 효율성을 검증한다.

• 한국CDE학회논문집
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• 제4권2호
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• pp.87-99
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• 1999

We developed a Part Information Brokering System, namely PIBS, that can inter-link part suppliers and buyers using WWW(World Wide Web). The major contribution of this paper is that the system provides a 3D collaboration environment that enables multiple users to share the same workspace where they cooperatively manipulate part features in real time. PIBS carries out two major functions: one to maintain part data in a part library, and the other to provide the means for the clients to cooperate. An object-oriented database is used for the part library which stores apart information registered by part suppliers. VRML(Virtual Reality Modeling Language) the ISO standard for 3D visualization on WWW, is used to represent 3D part models. Several Java programs have been implemented to support synchronous and a synchronous communication of the 3D models. Once the users are interconnected through the system, a user's manipulation of part objects is transparently and instantaneously transmitted to the others. This means that all the participants can are the same view and movement of the 3D part models. Since the system is developed using a Java applet-server architecture, it requires no additional software other than standard web browser. The prototype system has been successfully implemented, and demonstrated its applicability to virtual 3D part information sharing.

• ETRI Journal
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• 제38권1호
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• pp.149-158
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• 2016

In the field of augmented reality technologies, commercial optical see-through-type wearable displays have difficulty providing immersive visual experiences, because users perceive different depths between virtual views on display surfaces and see-through views to the real world. Many cases of augmented reality applications have adopted eyeglasses-type displays (EGDs) for visualizing simple 2D information, or video see-through-type displays for minimizing virtual- and real-scene mismatch errors. In this paper, we introduce an innovative optical see-through-type wearable display hardware, called an EGD. In contrast to common head-mounted displays, which are intended for a wide field of view, our EGD provides more comfortable visual feedback at close range. Users of an EGD device can accurately manipulate close-range virtual objects and expand their view to distant real environments. To verify the feasibility of the EGD technology, subject-based experiments and analysis are performed. The analysis results and EGD-related application examples show that EGD is useful for visually expanding immersive 3D augmented environments consisting of multiple displays.

• 한국산업정보학회논문지
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• 제25권5호
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• pp.41-48
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• 2020

최근 가상/증강/혼합현실 분야의 이동 플랫폼 시장 수요 커지면서 가상환경을 이용한 다중 체험이 가능한 콘텐츠를 통해 사용자에게 실제 현장과 같은 느낌을 부여하는 체험형 콘텐츠가 주목받고 있다. 본 논문에서는 교육훈련생의 모션 캡쳐를 위한 가상공간 이동플랫폼에서 사용자 위치 추정을 위한 트래커의 추적하는 방법으로, 2차원 영상 평면에 투영된 마커의 좌표를 통한 3차원 교차 공분산의 3D 좌표 추정 방법을 제시한다. 또한, 강체 추적실험을 통해 제안한 알고리즘의 유효성을 검증하여 낮은 해상도의 카메라를 통해서도 3D 좌표 추정이 가능함을 보인다.