• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제1권4호
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• pp.49-56
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• 2013

Purpose : This study aimed to understand the influence of the virtual reality program combined with cognitive activity on elderly people's balance ability. Method : We randomly divided 14 elderly people receiving daytime protection service from D daytime protection center for senior citizens located in Busan-si into a group(seven) with cognitive activity combined with virtual reality program, and the other group(seven) with only virtual reality program. In order to compare the balance ability before/after the therapeutic intervention, the Berg Balance Scale was carried out. The Mini-Mental State Examination-Korea(MMSE-K) was also conducted to compare their cognitive functions. Result : Both groups showed statistically significant differences in balance ability before/after the therapeutic intervention(p<.05) while there were no statistically significant differences in balance ability after the therapeutic intervention(p>.05). The cognitive functions before/after the therapeutic intervention were not statistically significantly different in both groups(p>.05). Conclusion : The findings showed that the application of virtual reality program combined with cognitive activity could improve elderly people's balance ability. It is considered that the application of virtual reality program can have positive influence on the improvement of elderly people's balance ability, as an intervention method for improving balance ability in the future.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.69-76
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• 2019

Purpose : This study examined the effects of a virtual reality rehabilitation program on stroke patients' upper extremity functions and activities of daily living (ADL). Methods : The subjects were equally and randomly divided into an experimental group (n=16) to whom a virtual reality rehabilitation program was applied and a control group (n=16) who received traditional occupational therapy. The intervention was applied five times per week, 30 minutes per each time, for six weeks. Jebsen-Taylor hand function test was conducted and the subjects' Manual Function Test was measured to examine their upper extremity functions before and after the treatment intervention, and a Korean version of modified Barthel index was calculated to look at their activities of daily living. Results : After the intervention, the upper extremity functions and activities of daily living of the participants in both groups significantly improved (p<.05). However, the improvements in these parameters among the participants in the virtual reality rehabilitation program were significantly greater than those in the control group (p>.05). Conclusion : The virtual reality rehabilitation program is a stable and reliable intervention method for enhancing the upper limb functions and activities of daily living of stroke patients.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제5권3호
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• pp.1-9
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• 2017

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program on range of motion and dexterity in the upper extremities of stroke patients. Methods: Fifteen patients with hemiparesis after stroke participated in this study. The participants participated in Rapael Semart GloveTM, an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program, performed for 30 minutes-, 3 times per week for 4 weeks. The Rapael Smart GloveTM program and a Box and Block Test (BBT) were used to measure range of motion and to assess dexterity, respectively, pre-and post-intervention. Results: Range of motion in pronation and supination of the forearm and flexion, extension, and ulnar deviation of the wrist improved after the intervention. Dexterity measured by BBT also improved. However, range of motion in flexion and extension of the fingers and radial deviation of the wrist did not improve. Conclusion: This study presents the effects of an immersive, virtual reality-based exercise program on hand function. In the future, a study comparing an immersive, virtual reality- based exercise program to other upper-extremity interventions for stroke patients should be conducted. A study about the effects of an immersive virtual reality program on activities of daily living is also needed.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권3호
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• pp.155-164
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality program application on cognition and depression of patients with mild cognitive impairment, and to find an intervention method that can enhance active participation of patients with mild cognitive impairment. Methods : In this study, 50 mild cognitive impairment patients were divided into a treatment group (25 patients) and a control group (25 patients). The treatment group was applied with a transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program, while the control group received a placebo transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program. Both groups received five 50-minute sessions per week (one session per day) for six weeks (total of 30 sessions). NCSE was used to evaluate the cognitive functions of the patients before and after treatment intervention. Moreover, K-BDI was conducted to examine the depression of the patients. Results : As a result of the transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program intervention, the cognitive function of both treatment and control group significantly (p<.05) improved, and the depression of both treatment and control group significantly (p<.05) decreased. Moreover, the changes in cognitive functions and depression were significant between the two groups¸ treatment and control group (p<.05). Conclusion : The results of the study showed that the application of the transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality program significantly improved the cognitive function of mild cognitive impairment patients and decreased the depression of them. Therefore, it could be concluded that the transcranial direct current stimulation and virtual reality program was an intervention method which positively affects the cognitive function and depression of mild cognitive impairment patients.

• 한국응급구조학회지
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• 제22권2호
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• pp.93-102
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• 2018

Purpose: The study aims to establish an effective training strategy and methods by comparing the effects of educational interest, satisfaction, and achievements of virtual reality and videos education before simulation training. Methods: The randomized control study was implemented on May 31, 2018, by randomly selecting 36 participants to compare educational virtual reality and videos. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS 20.0. Results: The participants were divided into an intervention group of 17(47.2%) and a control group of 19(52.8%). Regarding the levels of satisfaction, a significant difference (p= .010) was noted between the control (3.88 points) and the intervention groups (4.45 points). A significant difference (p= .001) was also noted between the intervention (80.3 points) and control (63.3 points) in terms of total simulation practical skills. Conclusion: Educational virtual reality can be an alternative training method to achieve the standard educational objectives by raising levels of educational interest and of achievement with practical skills.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제9권1호
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• pp.13-22
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• 2021

Purpose : The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of a virtual reality-based occupational therapy program on the physical function and learning ability of intellectually disabled school-aged children. Methods : In this study, 20 intellectually disabled children of school age were randomly and evenly divided into experimental and control groups with children in the experimental group receiving a virtual reality-based occupational therapy intervention. The study adopted a pretest-posttest design. The intervention was conducted for a total of 12 sessions for six weeks, twice a week, and 50 minutes per session. As measurement tools, BOT-2 and grooved pegboard tests were used to compare physical function before and after the intervention program, and K-ABC was used to check changes in learning ability. Results : The occupational therapy program produced a significant improvement in both physical function and learning ability of the experimental group. A significant difference was observed between the experimental and control groups. Conclusion : This study confirmed the value and usefulness of virtual reality-based occupational therapy as a tool for enhancing the physical function and learning ability of intellectually disabled school-aged children. Based on the results, a variety of future studies are encouraged that would further test the effects of the occupational therapy program used here.

• Physical Therapy Rehabilitation Science
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• 제8권4호
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• pp.187-193
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• 2019

Objective: The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the effects of virtual reality combined with balance training on upper limb function, balance, and activities of daily living (ADL) in persons with acute stroke. Design: Randomized controlled trial. Methods: Fourteen acute stroke survivors were recruited and randomly assigned into two groups: the experimental group (n=7) and the control group (n=7). Both groups performed the conventional rehabilitation therapy for 30 minutes a day, 5 times a week, for 4 weeks. Additionally, the experimental group conducted the virtual reality training for 30 minutes on an unstable surface during each session, whereas the control group performed balance training for 30 minutes on a stable surface. All measurements were performed before and one day after intervention. Upper limb function, balance, and ADL were assessed using the Manual Function Test (MFT), the Berg Balance Scale (BBS), and the Korean version of the Modified Barthel Index (K-MBI), respectively. Results: Both groups showed significant improvements in MFT, BBS, K-MBI after intervention (p<0.05). There were no significant differences between the experimental and control groups with respect to MFT, BBS, and K-MBI after intervention. The experimental group showed a greater decrease in fall risk (BBS<45) after intervention than the control group (p<0.05). Conclusions: These findings suggest that virtual reality combined with balance training has a better effect on balance improvement than virtual reality training alone in persons with acute stroke.

• 대한통합의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.53-62
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• 2023

Purpose : This study evaluated the effects of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program on the depression, hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living of patients with mild cognitive impairment by dividing 20 patients with mild cognitive impairment and depression. The 20 patients were divided into a treatment group (transcranial direct current stimulation + a virtual reality program) and a control group (placebo transcranial direct current stimulation + a placebo virtual reality program). Methods : This study allocated ten subjects to the treatment group and ten subjects to the control group. The treatment was given five times per week for six weeks (30 sessions), and each session was 30 minutes. This study screened depression by using SGDS-K, a short geriatric depression scale, to examine depression before and after treatment intervention. This study also used the box and block test, NCSE, and FIM to evaluate hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living, respectively. Results : The results showed that depression significantly decreased, hand functions significantly increased, cognitive function significantly improved, and activities of daily living significantly increased after intervention in the treatment and control groups. The magnitude of changes in depression, hand functions, cognitive function, and activities of daily living was significantly different between the two groups after intervention (p>.05). Conclusion : The results showed that the application of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program could improve cognitive function, hand functions, and activities of daily living by decreasing depression. Therefore, it can be concluded that the simultaneous application of transcranial direct current stimulation and a virtual reality program is an intervention method, which can be applied for decreasing depression, enhancing hand functions, improving cognitive function, and increasing activities of daily living in patients with mild cognitive impairment.

• 한국정보통신학회논문지
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• 제21권2호
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• pp.361-366
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• 2017

최근 가상현실의 기술이 발달함에 따라 게임중독, 알코올 중독 등에 대한 가상현실 치료 프로그램이 개발되고 있다. 본 연구는 다문화 청소년의 트라우마 중재를 하기 위하여 가상현실에 기반한 인지행동치료 프로그램을 구현하는 개발과정의 모형을 제시하고자 한다. 인지행동치료의 가상현실 프로그램개발은 크게 3단계로 나누어진다. 제1단계에서는 다문화청소년이 트라우마로 인하여 경험한 주요 감정과 표출된 문제를 포함한 트라우마의 특성들을 파악하고 제2단계에서는 트라우마에 대한 인지행동치료를 목표로 한 시나리오를 구성의 전개과정과 범위의 내용을 제시되어야 한다. 최종 제3단계서는 시나리오 콘텐츠의 가상현실프로그램 구현에 대한 타당성 검토를 통해 다문화청소년의 긍정적 변화를 이끌 수 있는 중재 프로그램 개발의 가능성을 제안하였다.

• 재활치료과학
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• 제7권2호
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• pp.17-27
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• 2018

목적 : 본 연구는 만성 뇌졸중 환자를 대상으로 완전 몰입형 가상현실 기기를 이용한 작업치료 중재가 환자의 상지기능 향상에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. 연구방법 : 본 연구의 연구 대상은 좌측 편마비를 가지고 있는 만성 뇌졸중 환자 1명이며, 개별사례 실험연구 중 ABA 설계를 사용하였다. 기초선 기간 4회, 중재 기간 12회, 기초선 회귀기간 4회로 총 20회의 실험을 휴지기간을 포함하여 총 10주간 진행하였다. 독립변수인 완전 몰입형 가상현실 기기를 이용한 작업치료 중재는 매 회기 30분씩 시행되었으며 종속변수 중 Fugl-Meyer Assessment(FMA) 평가는 각 기간 마다 1회씩 측정하였다. Box and Block Test(BBT) 평가와 Wolf Motor Function Test(WMFT) 평가는 매 회기 마다 시행하여 그 측정 결과를 꺾은선 그래프를 통해 제시하였다. 결과 : 완전 몰입형 가상현실 기기를 이용한 작업치료 중재 후 대상자의 환측 상지기능이 향상되었다. 기초선 회귀 기간에는 중재를 제거한 뒤 치료유지 효과를 확인하였지만 큰 변화는 나타나지 않았다. 결론 : 본 연구의 결과, 완전 몰입형 가상현실 기기를 이용한 작업치료 중재가 만성 뇌졸중 환자의 상지기능에 효과적인 중재라는 것을 알 수 있었다. 다만 치료유지 효과는 크지 않았기 때문에 보다 사용이 간편한 가정용 중재 프로그램 등의 개발이 필요하다.