• International journal of steel structures
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• v.18 no.4
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• pp.1297-1305
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• 2018

The corrugated steel plate shear walls have recently been proposed to address the seismic issues associated with simple steel plate shear walls; however, stiffness, strength, and ductility of the corrugated shear walls are significantly affected by varying the corrugation geometry under seismic loading. The present study investigates steel shear walls' models with corrugated or simple infill plates subjected to monotonic and cyclic loads. The performance of the corrugated steel plate is evaluated and then compared to that of the simple steel plates by evaluating the damping ratios and energy dissipation capability. The effect of corrugation profile angle, the existence of an opening, and the corrugation subpanel length are numerically investigated after validation of the finite element modeling methodology. The results demonstrate that incorporating corrugated plates would lead to better seismic damping ratios, specifically in the case of opening existence inside of the infill plate. Specifically, the corrugation angle of $30^{\circ}$ decreases the ultimate strength, while increasing the initial stiffness and ductility. In addition, the subpanel length of 100 mm is found to be able to improve the overall performance of shear wall by providing each subpanel appropriate support for the adjacent subpanel, leading to a sufficient buckling resistance performance.

• Educational Technology International
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• v.22 no.2
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• pp.285-309
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• 2021

It is commonly understood that students' autonomous motivation and individualistic orientations and instructors' autonomy support are important for student-centered learning (SCL). However, few studies have examined this assumption. To help researchers and practitioners design more engaging SCL experiences across diverse cultural contexts, this study examines the associations of these factors with SCL engagement and how these associations compare in different cultures. University students in South Korea and the United States participated in a bold SCL assignment, called Pink Time, in which students decide what and how they learn. Linear, multivariate models were estimated in each context to identify and compare relationships between SCL engagement and student characteristics and perceptions. We found that engagement was high in both contexts. Autonomous motivation, individualism, and perceived instructor support each had significant associations with SCL engagement in South Korea. In the US, which had a smaller sample size, only perceived instructor support was significantly associated. These findings suggest that SCL strategies can be effective across cultures. Also, the narrower classroom context, specifically instructors' support, may be a stronger driver of engagement than the broader societal context. This study contributes to the scholarly discussion regarding SCL in diverse settings and offers several implications for instructors.

• The Research Journal of the Costume Culture
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• v.30 no.3
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• pp.477-493
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• 2022

The purpose of this study is to explore relationships between company's characteristics, the status of business ethics education, employee perceptions of corporate business ethics, and organizational performance. A total of 161 small- and medium-sized apparel companies participated in a survey and data was analyzed using cross-tabulation, ANOVA, and SPSS PROCESS. The results show that, larger companies involved with export are more likely to implement business ethics education, whereas no company characteristic is associated with perceptions of corporate business ethics. Furthermore, apparel companies that implemented or planned to implement business ethics education, have employees with more positive perceptions of corporate business ethics and better organizational performance than fashion companies that have no plan to implement such education. In addition, companies in the apparel sector with higher employee perceptions of corporate business ethics had greater organizational performance than apparel companies with lower employee perceptions of corporate business ethics. This study emphasizes the need to implement business ethics education to enhance employee perceptions of company business ethics, which in turn promotes organizational performance. It is expected that the results of this study will positively affect the development and expansion of business ethics education programs and contribute to the foundation of knowledge for business ethics education for fashion companies.

• Nutrition Research and Practice
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• v.14 no.3
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• pp.286-297
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• 2020

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: This study compared the perception of customers from Korea and the U.S. on the attributes of different formats of menu labeling The specific objectives were 1) to compare the customers' perceived usefulness, ease-of-understanding, clarity, and attractiveness of different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S.; and 2) to compare the customers' use intention to different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. SUBJECTS/METHODS: A survey was conducted in Korea and the U.S. The participants were allocated randomly to view 1 of the 7 restaurant menus that varied according to the following types of menu labeling formats: (type 1) kcal format, (type 2) traffic-light format, (type 3) percent daily intake (%DI) format, (type 4) kcal + traffic-light format, (type 5) kcal + %DI format, (type 6) traffic-light + %DI format, and (type 7) kcal + traffic-light + %DI format. A total of 279 Koreans and 347 Americans were entered in the analysis. An independent t-test and 1-way analysis of variance were performed. RESULTS: Koreans rated type 4 format (kcal + traffic light) the highest for usefulness and attractiveness. In contrast, Americans rated type 7 (kcal + traffic light + %DI) the highest for usefulness, ease-of-understanding, attractiveness, and clarity. Significant differences were found in the customers' perceived attributes to menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. Americans perceived higher for all the 4 attributes of menu labeling than Koreans. CONCLUSIONS: The study is unique in identifying the differences in the attributes of different formats of menu labeling between Korea and the U.S. Americans rated the most complicated type of menu labeling as the highest perception for the attributes, and showed a higher use intention of menu labeling than Koreans. This study contributes to academia and industry for practicing menu labeling in different countries using different formats.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.10 no.4
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• pp.132-140
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• 2008

Two different sensitivity classes of black cherry (Prunus serotina) under the natural growing environmental conditions were assessed adjacent to Air Monitoring Station located at Horton research center in Giles County, Virginia, USA. Ambient ozone concentrations, leaf gas exchange, and visible foliar injury were measured on-site during the growing seasons of 2000, 2001, and 2002. Ambient ozone exposures were sufficient to induce typical foliar visible injury corresponding with the reduction in photosynthetic activities only in sensitive black cherry. There were positive correlations between increasing cumulative ozone concentration and percent reduction in maximum net photosynthetic rates ($Pn_{MAX}$) under saturating light conditions and in quantum yield for carbon reduction (${\Phi}CO_2$) of sensitive black cherry compared to tolerant black cherry. There was a negative correlation between chlorophyll content and percent leaf injury in sensitive black cherry. Furthermore, $Pn_{MAX}$ was inversely related to percent leaf injury.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.22 no.4
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• pp.819-827
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• 2009

Kim et al. (2006) analyzed the donation data surveyed by Voluneteer 21 in year 2002 at South Korea using a Poisson regression based on the mixture of two Poissons and detected significant variables for affecting the number of donations. However, noting the large deviation between the predicted and the actual frequencies of zero, we developed in this note a Poisson regression model based on a distribution in which zero inflated Poisson was added to the mixture of two Poissons. Thus the population distribution is now a mixture of three Poissons in which one component is concentrated on zero mass. We used the EM algorithm for estimating the regression parameters and detected the same variables with Kim et al's for significantly affecting the response. However, we could estimate the proportion of the fixed zero group to be 0.201, which was the characteristic of this model. We also noted that among two significant variables, the income and the volunteer experience(yes, no), the second variable could be utilized as a strategric variable for promoting the donation.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Clothing and Textiles
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• v.30 no.12 s.159
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• pp.1661-1671
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• 2006

Many researchers have studied the process of retail evolution in the United States and in Europe. Although extensively studied(e.g., Agergaard, Olsen & Allpass, 1970; Oren, 1989), used in conceptual work(e.g., Cist, 1968), and applied as foundation in empirical work(e.g., HcNair, 1958), some limitations exist as follows: inability to cover multiple types of retail institutions and limited quantification. The purpose of this study is to build a conceptual framework combining existing retail evolution theories to overcome existing limitations. Data collection and analysis followed a qualitative research design, specifically a grounded theory type of design with a constant comparative analysis method. As a result of the study, a conceptual framework was built by synthesizing aspects of retail evolution theories and showed retail institution types in a change process.

• The Korean Journal of Applied Statistics
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• v.27 no.5
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• pp.743-753
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• 2014

Kim et al. (2006) and Kim et al. (2009) reported a set of explanatory variables affecting donation frequency when they analyzed nationwide survey data on donations collected in 2002 by Volunteer 21, a nonprofit organization in Korea. The primary purpose of this paper is to correct computational errors found in Kim et al. (2006) and Kim et al. (2009), to rectify major results in the Tables and Figures and to supplement Kim et al. (2009) by providing new results. We add two logistic regressions to the ZIP and a mixture of two Poisson regressions of Kim et al. (2009). Through these two logistic regressions we could detect a set of explanatory variables affecting donation activity (0 or 1) and another set of explanatory variables, in which the volunteer (0, 1) variable is common, discriminating the infrequent donor group from the frequent donor group.

• Steel and Composite Structures
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• v.37 no.1
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• pp.91-98
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• 2020

Steel plate shear walls are recently used as efficient seismic lateral resisting systems. These lateral resistant structures are implemented to provide more strength, stiffness and ductility in limited space areas. In this study, the seismic behavior of the multi-story steel frames with steel plate shear walls are investigated for buildings with 4, 8, 12 and 16 stories using verified computational modeling platforms. Different number of steel moment bays with distinctive lengths are investigated to effectively determine the deflection amplification factor for low-rise and high-rise structures. Results showed that the dissipated energy in moment frames with steel plates are significantly related to the inside panel. It is shown that more than 50% of the dissipated energy under various ground motions is dissipated by the panel itself, and increasing the steel plate length leads to higher energy dissipation capability. The deflection amplification factor is studied in details for various verified parametric cases, and it is concluded that for a typical multi-story moment frame with steel plate shear walls, the amplification factor is 4.93 which is less than the recommended conservative values in the design codes. It is shown that the deflection amplification factor decreases if the height of the building increases, for which the frames with more than six stories would have less recommended deflection amplification factor. In addition, increasing the number of bays or decreasing the steel plate shear wall length leads to a reduction of the deflection amplification factor.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• v.18 no.5
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• pp.643-648
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• 2005

Near infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) has become increasingly used as a rapid, accurate method of evaluating some chemical constituents in cereal grains and forages. If samples could be analyzed without drying and grinding, then sample preparation time and costs may be reduced. This study was conducted to develop robust NIRS equations to predict fermentation quality of corn (Zea mays) silage and to select acceptable sample preparation methods for prediction of fermentation products in corn silage by NIRS. Prior to analysis, samples (n = 112) were either oven-dried and ground (OD), frozen in liquid nitrogen and ground (LN) and intact fresh (IF). Samples were scanned from 400 to 2,500 nm with an NIRS 6,500 monochromator. The samples were divided into calibration and validation sets. The spectral data were regressed on a range of dry matter (DM), pH and short chain organic acids using modified multivariate partial least squares (MPLS) analysis that used first and second order derivatives. All chemical analyses were conducted with fresh samples. From these treatments, calibration equations were developed successfully for concentrations of all constituents except butyric acid. Prediction accuracy, represented by standard error of prediction (SEP) and $R^2_{v}$ (variance accounted for in validation set), was slightly better with the LN treatment ($R^2$ 0.75-0.90) than for OD ($R^2$ 0.43-0.81) or IF ($R^2$ 0.62-0.79) treatments. Fermentation characteristics could be successfully predicted by NIRS analysis either with dry or fresh silage. Although statistical results for the OD and IF treatments were the lower than those of LN treatment, intact fresh (IF) treatment may be acceptable when processing is costly or when possible component alterations are expected.