• 대한산업공학회지
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• 제14권1호
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• pp.119-131
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• 1988

Vehicle Scheduling Problem (VSP) is a generic name given to a whole class of problems involving the visiting of "stations" by "vehicles," where a time is associated with each activity. The studies performed to date have the common feature of a single objective while satisfying a set of restrictions and known customer supplies or demands. However, VSPs may involve relevant multiple objectives and probabilistic supplies or demands at stations, creating multicriteria stochastic VSPs. This paper proposes a heuristic algorithm based on goal programming approach to schedule the most satisfactory vehicle routes of a bicriteria VSP with probabilistic supplies at stations. The two relevant objectives are the minimization of the expected travel distance of vehicles and the minimization of the due time violation for collection service at stations by vehicles. The algorithm developed consists of three major stages. In the first stage, an artificial capacity of vehicle is determined, on the basis of decision maker's subjective estimates. The second one clusters a set of stations into subsets by applying an efficient cluster method developed. In the third one, the stations in each subset are scheduled by applying an iterative goal programming heuristic procedure to each cluster.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 추계학술대회 논문집 학회본부
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• pp.71-74
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• 1991

This paper is described an expert system which performs the network reconfiguration in order to operate distribution systems optimally using heuristic rules. The proposed network reconfiguration is able to not only eliminate abnormal states such as overload of transformers/lines and low voltage violation, but also achieve minimum power loss and optimum load balancing under normal states. In order to apply the network reconfiguration efficiently, an expert system is adopted a best-first tree searching strategy on the basis of heuristics, and is implemented in AI language Turbo PROLOG. Several examples are used to illustrate concepts described above.

• 아동학회지
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.145-159
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• 2009

In this study, mothers of 205 4- to 5-year-old preschoolers responded to aggression episodes of Werner et al. (2006); preschoolers' teachers responded to the Preschool Social Behavior Scale (Crick et al., 1997). Results showed, (1) boys exhibited more overt and relational aggression. (2) In overt aggression episodes, mothers used encouragement to boys and rule violation responses to girls; in relational aggression episodes, mothers used encouragement and power assertion responses to girls. (3) Mothers' power assertion about overt aggression related negatively with preschoolers' overt aggressive behaviors; mothers' discussion about relational aggression related positively with preschoolers' overt aggressive behaviors. Implications of these findings for the mothers' responses by aggression types were discussed in order in better understand preschooler's aggressive behaviors.

• Journal of Acupuncture Research
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• 제29권4호
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• pp.71-79
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• 2012

Objectives : The purpose of this study is to set the explanatory duty on traditional Korean medical(TKM) treatment by analyzing the judicial precedents. Methods : The study was performed by analyzing nine cases of lawsuits related to Korean medicine doctor and explanatory duty among the medical dispute cases in Korea from 1968 through 2012. Results : Nine closed claims occurred regarding the violation of explanatory duties in the field of TKM practice. Two claims were decided by supreme court, three were decided by high court, and four were decided by district court. The causes of lawsuits were categorized as follows : bee venom pharmacopuncture, herb treatment, and an explanation for safety. Conclusions : To perform an explanatory duty has important legal implications for the protection of patients' rights and Korean Medicine doctors' autonomy on TKM treatment.

• 물과 미래
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• 제17권1호
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• pp.37-43
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• 1984

선형 추적 문제는 2차 목적함수에서는 해석적으로 풀 수 있다. 그러나 이 이론은 제어 및 상태 변수를 무제약으로 가정하기 때문에 저수지운영에 대한 적응에 취약점을 갖고 있다. 이 추적은 이산형 시스템에 대하여 수행하였으며 제약조건에 위배될 경우에 추적을 중단하였다. 이러한 다단계추적은 벨만의 최적성의 원리에 근거를 두고 시도되었다. 적용 실례로서 한강유역의 6개 기존 저수지에 36개월간의 자료로서 최적운영값을 계산하였다.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 1991년도 하계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.350-353
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• 1991

This study develops an expert system which solves the problems of the MTr/feeder overloads and the feeder constraints in automated radial distribution systems. Then, the objective is to perform the network reconfiguration by switching the tie and sectionalizing switches which eliminates the system violation, while achieving the load balance of the MTrs/feeders. To reduce the search space, an expert system based on heuristic rules is presented, and implemented in AI language Prolog. This system adopts the best-first tree search technique. The computational results are also prepared to show the performance of the heuristic algorithm developed.

• 인터넷정보학회논문지
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• 제6권3호
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• pp.147-158
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• 2005

나날이 심각해지는 교통문제에서 차량에 대한 정보를 이용하여 교통흐름을 개선해 줄 뿐만 아니라, 교통위반 차량을 효율적으로 적발할 수 있다. 차량 번호판은 차량정보를 인식하는데 중요하게 사용될 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 이동식 형태인 차량에 탑재한 카메라를 이용하여 촬영한 영상에서 차량의 번호판을 인식하는 새로운 기법을 제안한다. 여러 단계의 영상처리 과정과 인식 과정을 거쳐서 실시간에 처리할 수 있는 시스템으로 일반 차량뿐 아니라 특장차에 대한 인식도 가능하게 한다. 제안한 기법을 이용한 실제적 환경에서의 영상과 인식에 대한 결과가 실험결과에서 보여진다.

• International Journal of Concrete Structures and Materials
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• 제5권2호
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• pp.97-111
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• 2011

Modeling creep of concrete has been one of the most challenging problems in concrete. Over the years, research has proven the significance of creep and its ability to influence structural behavior through loss of prestress, violation of serviceability limit states or stress redistribution. Because of this, interest in modeling and simulation of creep has grown significantly. A research program was planned to investigate the significance of different factors affecting creep of concrete. This research investigation is divided into two folds: first, an in-depth study of the RILEM creep database and development of a homogenous database that can be used for blind computational analysis. Second: developing a probabilistic Bayesian screening method that enables identifying the significance of the different factors affecting creep of concrete. The probabilistic analysis revealed a group of interacting parameters that seem to significantly influence creep of concrete.

• 전기학회논문지P
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• 제64권4호
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• pp.321-326
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• 2015

Smart metering is one of the most implementable internet-of-thing service. In order to implement the smart metering, a wireless communication network should be newly designed and evaluated so as to satisfy quality-of-service of smart metering. In this paper, we consider a wireless network for the smart metering implemented with multi-purpose wireless chips and channel coding-functioned micro controllers. Especially, channel coding is newly adopted to improve successful frame transmission probability. Based on the successful frame transmission probability, average transmission delay and delay violation probability are analyzed. Using the analytical results, service coverage expansion is evaluated. Through the delay analysis, service feasibility can be verified. According to our results, channel coding needs not to be utilized to improve the delay performance if the smart metering service coverage is several tens of meters. However, if more coverage is required, chanel coding adoption definitely reduces the delay time and improve the service feasibility.

• 전기학회논문지
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• 제58권7호
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• pp.1263-1269
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• 2009

Stable and sustainable power supply means maintaining a certain level of power quality and service while securing energy resource and resolving environmental issues. Distributed generation (DG) has become an essential and indispensable element from environmental and energy security perspectives. It is known that voltage violation is the most important constraint for load variation and the maximum allowable DG. In distribution system, sending voltage from distribution substation is regulated by ULTC (Under Load Tap Changer) designed to maintain a predetermined voltage level. ULTC is controlled by LDC (Line Drop Compensation) method compensating line voltage drop for a varying load, and the sending voltage of ULTC calls for LDC parameters. The consequence is that the feasible LDC parameters considering variation of load and DG output are necessary. In this paper, we design each LDC parameters determining the sending voltage that can satisfy voltage level, decrease ULTC tap movement numbers, or increase DG introduction. Moreover, the maximum installable DG capacity based on each LDC parameters is estimated.