• 한국동물위생학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.401-405
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• 1998

A male badger which showed depression and bloody diarrhea was submitted to Iksan Branch of Chonbuk Veterinary Service Laboratory for necropsy on May 1998. Grossly, paleness of the mucous membranes was observed and the small intestinal contents were hamorrhagic. The numerous tiny hookworms, sized in 5-10 mm and greyish-white in color, attached to the intestinal mucosa. Male bursa was well developed. Histologically, intestinal lumen was filled with hemorrhagic contents, which contained worms. The epithelial cells of the villi were underwent degeneration and lamina propria was infiltrated by lymphocytes and plasma cells, and goblet cells were hyperplastic. There were rounded cutting plates in the funnel-shaped buccal capsule and transverse striation on sheath in hookworm, ultrastructurally, which were consistent with Uncinaria sp. The shape of eggs were ellipsoidal and morula, and some eggs contained a mobile larva. It was concluded that this badger was infected with Uncinaria.

• 대한유전성대사질환학회지
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• 제5권1호
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• pp.94-107
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• 2005

Prenatal diagnosis (PND) such as amniocentesis or chorionic villi sampling has been widely used in order to prevent the birth of babies with defects especially in families with single gene disorderor chromosomal abnormalities. Preimplantation genetic diagnosis (PGD) has already become an alternative to traditional PND. Indications for PGD have expanded beyond those practices in PND (chromosomal abnormalities, single gene defects), such as late-onset diseases with genetic predisposition, and HLA typing for stem cell transplantation to affected sibling. After in vitro fertilization, the biopsied blastomere from the embryo is analyzed for single gene defect or chromosomal abnormality. The unaffected embryos are selected for transfer to the uterine cavity. Therefore, PGD has an advantage over PND as it can avoid the risk of pregnancy termination. In this review, PGD will be introduced and application of PGD in inborn error metabolic disorder will be discussed.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2002년도 제43차 추계학술대회
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• pp.15-21
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• 2002

In order to keep the normal pregnancy, a number of gene products are required at the feto-matemal interface. We have isolated approximately 30 genes, involved in keeping the normal pregnancy, via subtractive hybridization and RT-PCR analyses of cDNAs from the chorionic villi of normal and RPL patients. Characterizing their functions will help us to understand the process of establishing and maintaining pregnancy. In addition, more detailed studies of their expression in normal and RPL patients are required to evaluate their clinical relevance. Further identification of genes aberrantly expressed in RPL patients will help the prognosis of the pregnancy, identifying pregnancies with a high risk of miscarriage and enabling management of those pregnancies.

• 대한생식의학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한불임학회 2002년도 제42차 춘계학술대회
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• pp.68.1-68.1
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• 2002

• 한국동물학회지
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• 제37권1호
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• pp.1-11
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• 1994

임신 26주, 27주의 생명력이 없는 한국인 태아 2예를 대상으로 십이지장 점막에서의 장내분비세포군집(일부 일본인 학자들이 명명한 "Segi's cap")의 출현, 형태 및 구조를 관찰하고. 이들 세포군집에서 내분비세포들의 존재 및 면역조직 화학적 특징들을 관찰하고자, 파라핀조직절편과 냉동박절 후 hematoxvlin과 eosin염색. Azan염색, Comori법, 그리고 면역조직화학염색 표본을 제작, 관찰하여 다음과 같은 결과들을 얻었다 세포들의 군집 형태는 장 내강을 향해서는 오목한 형태였고, 기저막을 향해서는 볼록한 형태였다. 군집을 이룬 세포들은 중층을 이루었고. 술잔세포도 장 내캉목에서 관찰되었다 또한. 내강쪽에 위치한 세포들의 경우 미세융모들의 줄무의가장자리는 관찰되지 않았다 Leuenkephalin, somatostatin, substance p, vasoactive intestinal polypeptide 및 5-HT 항혈청을 이용하여 면역조직염색한 결과 somatostatin 양성반응세포와 5-HT 양성반응세포만이 관찰되었다. 이들 somatostatin 양성반응 세포와 5-HT 양성반응세포들은 대개가 원추형의 세포들로서 개구형을 이루고 있음을 관찰한 수 있었다.관찰한 수 있었다.

• 한국가금학회지
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• 제40권4호
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• pp.305-313
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• 2013

본 연구는 육계(broiler)의 사육 일령에 따른 C. perfringens의 발생 양상을 확인하기 위해 실시하였는데, 사육일령별 소장 점막의 육안적(gross lesion) 변화, 현미경 검사를 통한 조직학적(histological) 소견을 분석하고, 배양한 분변의 C. perfringens CFU를 확인하며, PCR 검사를 통하여 C. perfringens type을 검색하였다. 소장 점막(mucose of small intestine)의 육안적 검사 결과, 10일령에서는 항생제를 첨가하지 않은 그룹에서 육안적 소견 0.6으로서 항생제 첨가군의 0.0에 비해 높은 수치를 나타내었으며, 20일령에서는 항생제 첨가군이 1.0으로서 항생제를 첨가하지 않았을 경우의 1.3보다 약간 낮은 경향을 나타내었다. 소장 융모(villi)의 조직학적 검사결과, 1일령에서 두 처리구에서 모두 소장 융모에 어떠한 손상도 나타내지 않다가 10일령에서는 항생제를 무첨가구에서 0.4를 나타낸 반면 항생제 첨가구에서는 0.0을 나타내어 항생제 첨가구의 소장이 손상을 받지 않은 것으로 나타났다. 소장 분변에서 C. perfringens의 CFU는 항생제를 사료에 첨가하지 않고 사육하였을 경우 10일령부터 증가하다가, 20일령 및 30일령에서는 그 수가 급격히 증가하는 것으로 나타났다. C. perfringens의 PCR 검사 결과, 1일령에는 두 처리구에서 모두 C. perfringens의 그 어떤 type도 검색되지 않았으나, 10일령, 20일령, 30일령에서 모두 type A의 ${\alpha}$-toxin이 검색되었다. 본 연구 결과, 육계의 사육 시 항생제 급여로 C. perfringens를 제어할 수 있지만, 배합사료 내 항생제 첨가가 금지된 만큼 수의사의 정확한 처방에 의한 선택적으로 항생제를 사용하면서 사양관리에 만전을 기해야 할 것으로 사료된다.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제30권2호
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• pp.236-245
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• 2017

Objective: The study was to investigate the effects of alanyl-glutamine (Ala-Gln) and glutamine (Gln) supplementation on the intestinal mucosa barrier in piglets. Methods: A total of 180 barrows with initial weight $10.01{\pm}0.03kg$ were randomly allocated to three treatments, and each treatment consisted of three pens and twenty pigs per pen. The piglets of three groups were fed with control diet [0.62% alanine (Ala)], Ala-Gln diet (0.5% Ala-Gln), Gln diet (0.34% Gln and 0.21% Ala), respectively. Results: The results showed that in comparison with control diet, dietary Ala-Gln supplementation increased the height of villi in duodenum and jejunum (p<0.05), Gln supplementation increased the villi height of jejunum (p<0.05), Ala-Gln supplementation up-regulated the mRNA expressions of epidermal growth factor receptor and insulin-like growth factor 1 receptor in jejunal mucosa (p<0.05), raised the mRNA expressions of Claudin-1, Occludin, zonula occludens protein-1 (ZO-1) and the protein levels of Occludin, ZO-1 in jejunal mucosa (p<0.05), Ala-Gln supplementation enlarged the number of goblet cells in duodenal and ileal epithelium (p<0.05), Gln increased the number of goblet cells in duodenal epithelium (p<0.05) and Ala-Gln supplementation improved the concentrations of secretory immunoglobulin A and immunoglobulin G in the jejunal mucosa (p<0.05). Conclusion: These results demonstrated that dietary Ala-Gln supplementation could maintain the integrity of small intestine and promote the functions of intestinal mucosa barriers in piglets.

• 대한수의학회지
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• 제33권1호
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• pp.37-42
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• 1993

The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of growth hormone(GH) on the division and migration of the small intestinal epithelium in mice. Twenty mice(ICR), weighing initially about 10 g, aged 18 days were randomly subdivided in two groups of control and GH-treated group. Control group was sacrificied at 2 hr, 2, 3, 4 and 5 day after intraperitoneal injection of $^3H$-thymidine($^3H$-TdR, $4{\mu}$ Ci/gm of BW/day for 2 days). GH-treated group was injected subcutaneously with somatotropin(10 IU/mouse/day for 4 days) from 2 day ago of first $^3H$-TdR injection and then was sacrificied at 2 hr, 2, 3, 4 and 5 day after intraperitoneal injection of $^3H$-TdR($4{\mu}$ Ci/g of BW/day for 2 days). The small intestines were collected for autoradiogrophy and Hematoxylin counterstain. The location of the labeled epithelial cells(LEC) in villi of the small intestine was invested with light microscope. 1. In the control group, the LEC regions in the small intestine were located at crypts on 1 dsy, at $0%{\sim}15.9{\pm}3.6%$ of villus high value(VHV) on 2 day, at $0%{\sim}49.8{\pm}16.5%$ of VHV on 3 day, at $0%{\sim}95.3{\pm}6.9%$ of VHV on 4 day and $62.9{\pm}16.7{\sim}100%$ of VHV on 5 day, respectively. 2. In the GH-treated group, the LEC regions in the small intestine were located at crypts on 1 day, at $0%{\sim}39.2{\pm}9.5%$ of VHV on 2 day, at $0%{\sim}81.5{\pm}18.2%$ of VHV on 3 day, at $45.2{\pm}11.5%{\sim}100%$ of VHV on 4 day, at 85%~100% of VHV on 5 day, respectively. 3. VHV of tops in the LEC regions appeared to be 23.3% and 31.7% higher on 2 and 3 day, and VHV of the LEC region bases appeared to be 45.2%, 22.1% higher on 4 and 5 day, respectively in the GH-treated group than those observed in the control group. These difference was very highly significant(p<0.01).

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제15권4호
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• pp.555-564
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• 2002

Twenty Landrace and twenty Min piglets, with an average initial body weight of 22.4 kg, were randomly divided into 5 groups with 4 animals per group, within each of the breeds. The piglets were housed in individual concrete pens. Each group of the piglets was fed one of 5 diets. The diets contained either 20% raw Argentine soybeans, 20% processed Argentine soybeans ($118^{\circ}C$ for 7.5 min.), 20% raw Chinese soybeans, 20% processed Chinese soybeans ($118^{\circ}C$ for 7.5 min.) or no soybean products (control diet). Faecal samples were collected on days 6, 7 and 8 of the treatment period. Digestibilities of dietary nutrients were determined with AIA (acid insoluble ash) as a marker. After a 17 day treatment, three piglets were killed from each of the groups. Tissue samples of small and large intestine for light and electron microscopy examination were taken immediately after the opening of abdomen. Then, the weight or size of relevant organs was measured. The results show that the digestibilities of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP) and fat were higher in Min piglets than in Landrace piglets (p<0.05). The diets containing processed soybeans had a significant higher CP digestibility than the control diet and the diets containing raw soybeans (p<0.05). Landrace piglets had heavier and longer small intestines, heavier kidneys and a lighter spleen than Min piglets (p<0.05). The pancreas of the animals fed the diets containing processed soybeans was heavier than that of the animals fed control diet (p<0.05) and the diets containing raw soybeans. But, the differences between raw and processed soybean diets were not significant. A significant interaction (p<0.05) between diet and pig breed was observed in weight of the small intestine. The Landrace piglets increased the weight in their small intestine when they were fed the diets containing soybeans. In the light micrographs and electron scanning micrographs, it was found that the villi of small intestinal epithelium of animals (especially Landrace piglets) fed the diets containing raw Chinese soybeans were seriously damaged. The transmission electron micrograph showed that a lot of vesicles were located between the small intestinal microvilli of these piglets. The histological examination also indicated that the proportion of goblet cells in villi and crypts in the piglets consuming the control diet was significantly lower (p<0.01 and p<0.02, respectively) than those of the animals consuming the diets containing raw or processed soybeans.

• Asian-Australasian Journal of Animal Sciences
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• 제29권9호
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• pp.1287-1293
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• 2016

The objectives of this experiment was to evaluate the subsequent growth and organ weights, blood profiles and cecal microbiota of broiler chicks fed pre-starter diets containing fermented soybean meal products during early phase. A total of nine hundred 1-d-old chicks were randomly assigned into six groups with six replicates of 25 chicks each. The chicks were fed control pre-starter diet with dehulled soybean meal (SBM) or one of five experimental diets containing fermented SBM products (Bacillus fermented SBM [BF-SBM], yeast by product and Bacillus fermented SBM [YBF-SBM]; Lactobacillus fermented SBM 1 [LF-SBM 1]; Lactobacillus fermented SBM 2 [LF-SBM 2]) or soy protein concentrate (SPC) for 7 d after hatching, followed by 4 wk feeding of commercial diets without fermented SBMs or SPC. The fermented SBMs and SPC were substituted at the expense of dehulled SBM at 3% level on fresh weight basis. The body weight (BW) during the starter period was not affected by dietary treatments, but BW at 14 d onwards was significantly higher (p<0.05) in chicks that had been fed BF-SBM and YBF-SBM during the early phase compared with the control group. The feed intake during grower and finisher phases was not affected (p>0.05) by dietary treatments. During total rearing period, the daily weight gains in six groups were 52.0 (control), 57.7 (BF-SBM), 58.5 (YBF-SBM), 52.0 (LF-SBM 1), 56.7 (LF-SBM 2), and 53.3 g/d (SPC), respectively. The daily weight gain in chicks fed diet containing BF-SBM, YBF-SBM, and LF-SBM 2 were significantly higher values (p<0.001) than that of the control group. Chicks fed BF-SBM, YBF-SBM, and LF-SBM 2 had significantly lower (p<0.01) feed conversion ratio compared with the control group. There were no significant differences in the relative weight of various organs and blood profiles among groups. Cecal microbiota was altered by dietary treatments. At 35 d, chicks fed on the pre-starter diets containing BF-SBM and YBF-SBM had significantly increased (p<0.001) lactic acid bacteria, but lowered Coli-form bacteria in cecal contents compared with those fed the control diet. The number of Bacillus spp. was higher (p<0.001) in all groups except for LF-SBM 1 compared with control diet-fed chicks. At 7 d, jejunal villi were significantly lengthened (p<0.001) in chicks fed the fermented SBMs vs control diet. Collectively, the results indicate that feeding of fermented SBMs during early phase are beneficial to the subsequent growth performance in broiler chicks. BF-SBM and YBF-SBM showed superior overall growth performance as compared with unfermented SBM and SPC.