• Maxillofacial Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery
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• v.40
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• pp.18.1-18.6
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• 2018

Background: Clefts in newborns are associated with severe morphological and functional impairment. Especially the lip is of importance as if the treatment result is unsatisfactory, it can lead to psychological changes in the patient. Different operative procedures have been developed over the last decades. The aim of the presented study was the comparison of the surgical techniques according to Millard and Pfeifer regarding the temporal development of the postoperative symmetry of the lip height and mouth width. Methods: Digitized photographs of patients from the department of oral and maxillofacial surgery at the University of Göttingen were evaluated from 1979 to 1996. With a video analysis program, the lip height and mouth width were analyzed regarding the symmetry. We demonstrated the symmetry values over a period of 8 years in order to show the influence of growth on postoperative results. Results: The development of the vertical symmetry of the Philtrum and the lip vermillion on the cleft side in comparison to the healthy side behaves differently depending on Pfeifer and Millard. The lip height of the cleft lip was shorter in both techniques than on the healthy side, but Pfeifer's difference was significantly more pronounced. The lip vermillion height on the cleft side was slightly shorter in the Millard group and markedly larger in the Pfeifer group. Both techniques can achieve good symmetry results for the vertical dimension of the lip. According to Pfeifer, the development of the horizontal dimension on the cleft side is bigger within the first 4 years than on the healthy side; according to the Millard technique, the horizontal development is smaller. These differences are greater within the first 6 years and approach between the 6th and 8th year. Conclusions: The Millard technique demonstrates better results concerning the philtrum and vermillion symmetry during growth within the first 6 years. Over the whole study period, growth corrects the philtrum and vermillion symmetry within the Pfeifer group.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.17 no.1
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• pp.152-164
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• 2012

DMB provides various kinds of data services such as BWS and TPEG service in addition to audio and video services. But recently the necessity of new business models creating profit has been on the rise due to the saturation of DMB receiver market and break-down of market barrier between mobile IPTV and DMB services. This paper introduces DMB filecasting service technology, which can be expected a new profit-creative business model. The purpose of DMB filecasting service is to transmit non-real time multimedia contents based on DMB AF format to the users through DMB channels. It makes possible to consume DMB contents with any DMB-installed device anytime, anywhere and share them with others. Also DMB filecasting service makes consumption and request of DMB contents possible to be extented to a variety of networks as well as DMB channels. The paper explains the standardization status of DMB filecasting service and various DMB filecasting service scenarios. And also it proposes a signalling methode, a transmission and reception protocol and a receiver structure using DMB broadcasting program guide information.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
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• v.13 no.1
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• pp.73-94
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• 2003

The purpose of this investigation was to analyze A kinematic analysis of the Kuzushi-arm motion when performing Morote-Seoinage in judo who was 5 females university representative judokas of light weight category in judo, and filmed on video cameras(60field/s). The data of this study digitizied by KWON3D 2.1 program computed the average and standard deviation calculated individual 5 trials with Programing Lab view 6i. From the data analysis & discussion, the following conclusions were drawn : 1) distance variable of attacking hand arm in kuzushi motion Left right(X direction) displacement variable was all of A, B, C pattern with moving left to right and leaning. Strip of displacement variable was ordo. to C(55.6cm), A(53.3cm), B(43.9cm) pattern, C pattern largely leaned to left Front Rear(Y direction) displacement variable was different A($131.3cm{\pm}3.1cm$), B($128.7{\pm}4.0cm$) and C(111.0cm) on ready position, 3 pattern leaned to rear direction. Strip of displacement was order to B(43.4cm), A(41.1cm) and C pattern(28.3cm). Up down(Z direction) displacement variable was all of A, B, C pattern leaned to up in the Kuzushi-phase and leaned to down in the Kake-phase. Strip of displacement was order to A(83.9cm), B(80.4cm), C pattern(71.9cm). 2) Shoulder joint angle variable Flexion and extension Ready position' angle was A($138.3{\pm}4.9^{\circ}$), B($142.9{\pm}3.7^{\circ}$) and C($164.5^{\circ}$) pattern, strip of flexion extension was order to C($80.9^{\circ}$), A($79.9^{\circ}$) and B($39.0^{\circ}$) pattern, greatly C pattern had largely angle change. Adduction and abduction : B and C pattern's angle change were adduction and abduction in the Kuzushi-phase after adduction in the Kake phase, A pattern's angle change was abduction in the Kuzushi-phase after adduction in the Kake phase. internal and external rotation : 3 pattern were internal rotation in the Tsukuri phase and external rotation in the Kake phase. After B and C pattern were external rotation and A pattern was internal rotation. 3) Elbow joint angle variable Flexion and extension 3 pattern's ready position angle were A($142.0{\pm}4.4^{\circ}$), B($123.5{\pm}5.5^{\circ}$) and C($105.5^{\circ}$) and flexion. Strip of flexion extension were order to A($57.9^{\circ}$), C($34.6^{\circ}$) and B($25.2^{\circ}$) pattern.

• The Korean Journal of Emergency Medical Services
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• v.13 no.3
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• pp.29-40
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• 2009

Objective : This study is an experimental study which is designed to examine the differences between knowledge and self-confidence before and after theory education(CPR PPT material) based on guidelines of CPR and emergency cardiac treatment of American Heart Association(AHA, 2005) and video self-instruction program for the general public by Korean Association of Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation(KACPR), trace CPR performance ability after CPR and AED education and investigate the accuracy of artificial respiration and chest compression, and know the difference in CPR performance abilities including AED. Methods : Subjects of this study include ground crews and staffs at M airport in G province equipped with emergency equipments for CPR according to Art. 47, Sec. 2 of Emergency Medical Law, airport police, rent-a-cops, security guard, quarantine officer, custom officer, and communication, electricity, civil engineering, facility management staff, airport fire fighting staff, air mechanic, traffic controller, and airport management team among airport facility management staffs. They were given explanation of necessity of research and 147 of 220 subjects who gave consent to this research but 73 who were absent from survey were excluded were used as subjects of this study. of 147 subjects, there were 102 men and 45 women. Results : 1) Knowledge score of CPR was $6.18{\pm}0.87$ before instruction and it was increased to $15.12{\pm}1.78$ after instruction, and there was statistically significant difference. 2) Self-confidence score in CPR was $3.16{\pm}0.96$ before instruction and it was increased to $7.05{\pm}0.75$ after instruction, and there was statistically significant difference. 3) Total average score in CPR performance ability after instruction was 7.46 out of 9, performance ability was highest in confirmation of response as 144(97.95%), follwed by request of help as 140(95.25%) and confirmation of respiration as 135(91.83%), and lowest in performing artificial respiration twice(gross elevation of chest) as 97(65.98%). Accuracy of artificial respiration(%) was $28.60{\pm}16.88$ and that of chest compression(%) was $73.10{\pm}22.16$. 4) Performance ability of AED after instruction showed proper performance in power on by 141(95.91%) and attaching pad by 135(91.83%), hand-off for analyzing rhythm showed 'accuracy' in 115(78.23%) and 'non-performance' in 32(21.77%), delivery of shock and hand-off confirmation showed 'accuracy' in 109(74.14%) and 'inaccuracy' in 38(25.86%), and beginning chest compression immediately after AED was done by 105(71.42%).

• Journal of Radiation Industry
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• v.9 no.2
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• pp.69-75
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• 2015

Purpose: The gonad shielding is used to minimize the impact of the exposure to gonads when Abdomen, Pevis and Hip X-ray inspections are conducted on radiation impressionable pediatric patients. By the way, the gonad is palpable difficult and impossible to check visually because it's a sensitive area, so tests are conducted with the approximate location of shielding, thereby appearing problems of not shielding gonads accurately. Accordingly, this study produced shields by age and gender of pediatric patients and studied the method of positioning shields with ASIS as a reference point without palpable sensitive areas, and tried to evaluate its usability. Materials and methods: The study surveyed 30 pediatric patients by gender and age, who came and got inspected in Department of Radiology, our hospital from February 2012 to January 2014 and obtained the value of tolerance by measuring the average size of the pelvis using the distance measurement function of Infinitt Piview with the images stored in the PACS and producing shields by age and gender of pediatric patients and specifying the areas at random for the comparative analysis of pre- and post-using. It calculated the technology statistics($mean{\pm}SD$) with the value of tolerance measured the length using SPSS 12.0 statistical program. Results: As for boys, differences in the tolerance range of pre- and post-using shields were 2.69 mm in case of 1 year old, 2.58 mm in 2 years, 2.37 mm in 3 years, 2.815 mm in 4~5 years, 2.043 mm in 7~10 years, and as for girls, 1.92 mm in 1~2 years, 1.75 mm in 3~4 years, 2.52 mm in 5~6 years and 1.93 mm in 7~10. After analyzing the pre- and post-using shields for all of boys and girls, there were statistically significant differences(P<0.050). Conclusions: It is considered that we can minimize the exposure to gonads and get a better video for diagnosis in testing high biological impressionable pediatric, if we use shields correctly with ASIS as a reference point considering its shape and size by age and gender in Abdomen, Pevis and Hip X-ray inspections.

• Journal of Convergence for Information Technology
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• v.8 no.4
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• pp.73-80
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• 2018

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of motion-based dance game on static and dynamic balance in elderly women. The participants were randomly divided into 2 group, Motion Based dance game group(n=10), control group(n=10). After they were divided into an Motion Based dance game group and a control group the Motion Based dance game group participated in six-week period of time, three times a week, 60 minutes each, and the control group didn't exercise outside of their daily lives. To evaluated the balance ability of exercise, it was evaluated by using Berg Balance Scale(BBS), Functional Reach Test(FRT), Timed Up and Go test(TUG). The data was analysis using a paired t-test and independent t-test to determine the statistical significance. The results of this study between BBS, FRT, TUG and Motion Based dance game group had statistically significant difference rather than control group(p<.05). In conclusion, the Motion based Dance Game showed improvement on the balance ability in the elderly. Regular maintenance of the Dance Game "Dance Central" program for the elderly will assistance improve the balance. Consequently, studies on the development of dance games suitable for the elderly are believed to be necessary.

• Journal of the Korean School Mathematics Society
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• v.21 no.4
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• pp.343-376
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• 2018

The purpose of this study is to compare and analyze the perceptions of TPACK for mathematics teachers who practice the technology-using lessons. In addition, by looking at the part where the perception is expressed in the actual class and the part where the difference of recognition can be revealed, it is possible to provide the direction to teachers who want to practice the technology-using lessons in the future. To do this, two mathematics teachers were selected using purposeful sampling. And we conducted research study and interview in order to analyze the characteristics of the teacher's general background and TPACK recognition, and we analyzed the video, the class materials, and the interview contents for teaching practices from the perspective of TPACK. As a result, the two mathematics teachers practicing the technology-using lessons were connected with the actual class situation focusing on the sub-knowledges of TPACK recognizes as having a lot of them. In addition, technology-based lessons were able to confirm that the functional capabilities of technology alone were not sufficient conditions to lead effective instruction. Finally, teaching method using technology has been confirmed that experience-based field practice can be more important than simply knowing mathematics content, technology, teaching method. Based on the results of this study, it is possible not only to provide methodological guidance to teachers who practice the technology-based instruction, but also to suggest the direction of TPACK research or the development of teacher training program in the future.

• Journal of the Korea Convergence Society
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.233-239
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• 2021

Recently, the COVID-19 virus has caused people to stay indoors longer without going out. As a result of this, people's activity decreased sharply, and their weight gained. So people became more interested in health. Home training can be an alternative method to solve this problem. Accordingly, To find out the trends of home training, we collected articles from December 1, 2019, to November 30, 2020, using the news provided by BIG KINDS, a news analysis system. We analyzed frequency analysis, relational analysis according to weighting, and related word analysis with the program using the algorithm developed by BIG KINDS. In conclusion, first, it was found that home training is led by technology and the emergence of artificial intelligence. Second, it can be assumed that people mainly do home training using content and video services related to mobile carriers. Third, people had a high preference for Pilates in the sports category. It can be seen that the number of patent applications increased as the demand for exercise products related to Pilates increased. In the next study, we expect that this study will be used as primary data for various big data studies by supplementing the research methodology and conducting various analyses.

• Journal of the Korean earth science society
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• v.43 no.3
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• pp.430-445
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• 2022

The purpose of this study was to explore the learning effects in elementary school students who participated in a geological field trip conducted under the theme 'minerals and rocks', focusing on novelty space. A total of 10 sixth-grade students participated in this program held at a public elementary school in Seoul as part of after-school club activities. Students observed mineral and rock samples in a classroom and outdoor learning environment. The authors collected activity papers (texts, drawing), researchers' participation notes, video and audio recordings containing the study participants' activities, and post-interview data To analyze the learning effects in the cognitive domain of students, the observation analysis framework for rock classification of Remmen and Frøyland (2020) and the rock description analysis framework of Oh (2020) were used. Additionally, to explore the learning effects of psychological and geographic areas, students' drawings, texts, discourses, and interview data were inductively analyzed. The results showed that the students demonstrated 'everyday' and 'transitional' observations in the classroom learning environment, while in the outdoor learning environment (school playground, community-based activities), they demonstrated 'transitional' and 'scientific' observations. Moreover, as the scientific observation stage progressed, more types of descriptive words for rocks were used. In terms of psychological and geographic aspects, students showed their selection of places to explore familiar outdoor learning environments, positive perceptions of outdoor learning, and aesthetic appreciation. Finally, this study not only discussed novelty space as a tool for analyzing students' learning effects but also suggested the need for an academic approach considering new learning environments, such as learning through virtual field trips.

• Journal of Korean Home Economics Education Association
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• v.33 no.4
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• pp.65-84
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• 2021

The purpose of this study was to develop and evaluate the Home Economics(HE) Flipped Problem-Based Learning(FPBL) education plans focusing on 'food selection and storage' unit for middle school students. The results of this study are as follows. First, middle school students who participated in the class had mainly experienced lecture-style classes previously, but they preferred group activity classes to lecture-style classes. Their 'preferred on-line class tools' was 'Miricanvas', and the 'helpful on-line class tools for learning' was 'Tinkerbell'. Second, the HE FPBL education plan was designed and developed to conduct block time classes, twice a week for 3 weeks by applying the '13 stages of FPBL'. The main topic of the class is "food selection and storage that protects health and the environment". The practical and unstructured problems in the FPBL was to participate in the 'Food Selection and Storage to Protect Health and Environment' mission development contest of a TV entertainment program. Learning materials(stepping video, reading materials, activity sheets, and evaluation tools for process-based evaluation) were developed. The 206 senior students at a middle school in Haeundae-gu, Busan, took the class for three weeks and evaluated it as a good class that helps them learn, is satisfactory, interesting, and suitable, leads to class participation, and is differentiated from other teaching methods.