• Proceedings of the Korean Institute of Information and Commucation Sciences Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.175-178
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• 2009

H.264/AVC is a video coding standard of ITU-T and ISO/IEC, and widely spreads its application due to its high compression ratio more than twice that of MPEG-2 and high image quality. In this paper, we explained Intra Prediction in H.264/AVC, which is able to achieve higher compressing efficiency from correlation removal of adjacent samples in spatial domain, and proposed efficient Intra Predictor architecture design for H.264/AVC decoder. The proposed system reduced computation cycle using processing element and precomputation processing element and also reduced the number of access to external memory using efficient register. We designed the proposed system with Verilog-HDL and verified with suitable test vector. The proposed Intra Predictor achieved about 60% cycle reduction comparing with existing Intra Predictors.

• Journal of Broadcast Engineering
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• v.27 no.2
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• pp.207-215
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• 2022

The latest volumetric technology's high geometrical accuracy and realism ensure a high degree of correspondence between the real object and the captured 3D model. Nevertheless, since the 3D model obtained in this way constitutes a sequence as a completely independent 3D model between frames, the consistency of the model surface structure (geometry) is not guaranteed for every frame, and the density of vertices is very high. It can be seen that the interconnection node (Edge) becomes very complicated. 3D models created using this technology are inherently different from models created in movie or video game production pipelines and are not suitable for direct use in applications such as real-time rendering, animation and simulation, and compression. In contrast, our method achieves consistency in the quality of the volumetric 3D model sequence by linking re-meshing, which ensures high consistency of the 3D model surface structure between frames and the gradual deformation and texture transfer through correspondence and matching of non-rigid surfaces. And It maintains the consistency of volumetric 3D model sequence quality and provides post-processing automation.

• Journal of the Korea Society of Computer and Information
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.1-10
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• 2009

Flash memory has the advantages of nonvolatile, low power consumption, light weight, and high endurance. This enables the flash memory to be utilized as a storage of mobile computing device such as PMP(Portable Multimedia Player). Potable device with a mass flash memory can store various multimedia data such as video, audio, or image. Typical index systems for mobile computer are inefficient to search a form of text like lyric or title. In this paper, we propose a new text index system, named EMTEX(Embedded Text Index). EMTEX has the following salient features. First, it uses a compression algorithm for embedded system. Second, if a new insert or delete operation is executed on the base table. EMTEX updates the text index immediately. Third, EMTEX considers the characteristics of flash memory to design insert, delete, and rebuild operations on the text index. Finally, EMTEX is executed as an upper layer of DBMS. Therefore, it is independent of the underlying DBMS. We evaluate the performance of EMTEX. The Experiment results show that EMTEX can outperform th conventional index systems such as Oracle Text and FT3.

• Journal of Chest Surgery
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• v.36 no.6
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• pp.391-396
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• 2003

Background: Recently transilluminated powered phlebectomy was introduced and used as a method of surgical treatment for varicose vein in lower extremities. The advantage of transilluminated powered phlebectomy are minimal scar and good cosmetic effect. However, the disadvantages of transilluminated powered phlebectomy is that a high priced Trivex system must be used which increases the patient's expenses. Therefore, we performed a transilluminated powered phlebectomy using an existing arthroscopic equipment instead of Trivex system and observed the effect of treatment and efficiency of the treatment. Material and Method: From March, 2000 to February, 2003, 78 patients (113 limbs) underwent transilluminated powered phlebectomy with an arthroscopic equipment. Patient's disease history, the number of operative scars and complications were reviewed. Result: The operation was performed in 133 limbs of the 78 patients (34 men, 44 women) and the age of patients were ranged from 16 to 72 years with mean age of 41.8 years. Operative time ranged from 20 to 65 minutes (average 48.7 minutes) per limb. The number of operative scar per limb from 2 to 7 (average 4.9). Postoperative complications are transient ecchymosis (78 cases) that desappeared spontaneously, edema persisting longer than 3 weeks (6 cases), remnant varicose vein (4 cases), skin perforation during operative procedure (2 cases), and contact dermatitis due to compression stocking (4 cases) The mean hospitalization day was 3.09 days. Subjective mean satisfaction degree of operation by the patients using a visual analogue scale was 92.6%. Conclusion: Our findings demonstrated that transilluminated powered phleectomy using arthroscopic equipment was possible and had good cosmetic results with acceptable complications.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics and Information Engineers
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• v.52 no.5
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• pp.155-164
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• 2015

This paper describes a design and implementation of CABAC decoder, which would handle HEVC syntax elements in adaptively pipelined-parallel computation manner. Even though CABAC offers the high compression rate, it is limited in decoding performance due to context-based sequential computation, and strong data dependency between context models, as well as decoding procedure bin by bin. In order to enhance the decoding computation of HEVC CABAC, the flag-type syntax elements are adaptively pipelined by precomputing consecutive flag-type ones; and multi-bin syntax elements are decoded by processing bins in parallel up to three. Further, in order to accelerate Binary Arithmetic Decoder by reducing the critical path delay, the update and renormalization of context modeling are precomputed parallel for the cases of LPS as well as MPS, and then the context modeling renewal is selected by the precedent decoding result. It is simulated that the new HEVC CABAC architecture could achieve the max. performance of 1.01 bins/cycle, which is two times faster with respect to the conventional approach. In ASIC design with 65nm library, the CABAC architecture would handle 224 Mbins/sec, which could decode QFHD HEVC video data in real time.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers B
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• v.34 no.11
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• pp.1005-1013
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• 2010

This study was conducted to assess the spray control of flash boiling with mixed fuel in consideration of HCCI (Homogeneous Charge Compression Ignition) engine condition. Mixed fuel existing in two phase regions can control the process of mixture formation under low temperature and density by using the spray resulting from flash boiling which is able to induce rapid evaporation of fuel spray as well as the evaporation of high boiling point component. Because HCCI engine injects the fuel early under ambient conditions, it can facilitate the chemical control of ignition combustion and physical control such as breakup and atomization of liquid fuel by flash boiling of mixed fuel which consists of highly ignitable light oil and highly volatile gasoline. This study was conducted by performing video processing after selected composition and molar fraction of the mixed fuel as major parameters and photographed Schlieren image and Mie scattered light corresponding to the flash boiling phenomenon of the fuel spray that was injected inside a constant volume vessel. It was found that flash boiling causes significant changes in the spray structure under relatively low temperature and density. Thus, we analyzed that the flash boiling spray can be used for HCCI combustion by controlling the mixture formation at the early fuel injection timing.

• Cartoon and Animation Studies
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• s.44
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• pp.235-261
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• 2016

Media consumers in the context of the Internet and digital media are using the same content to a variety of platforms. As such, the content of various genres is converted to the form of a new content through the process of fusion, combination, transformation, differentiation, reproduction, etc on the basis of digital media. That is referred to as trans-media. In order to create the successful content in trans-media era, it requires the work of Edi-curation. Edi-curation work is the act of editing and adding meaning to the curation work of curators. In that sense, this paper analyzed the definition and meaning for Edi-curation of publishing and comic(webtoon) content in trans-media era. Edi-curation process induces the changing role of consumers and producers of content in the digital media experience. In process of Edi-curation, consumers(producers) will soon lead to a media producer(consumer), namely proconsumer / produser. Diversification of digital platforms and devices, digital 1 person (or SNS) appeared in the media, etc. are also required to Edi-curation of content and comic(webtoon) published in a variety of ways. Depending on the intention of media producers (or consumers), content through the process of replication, montage, disassembly, dismantling, hypertext, compression, and reconstruction births to new content. The work of Edi-curation has the significance that it affects the way the media producers work in creative process, as well as the reading content of the media consumers. In the publishing content, Edi-curation work is the logicality destruction of a chapter or a paragraph, a sentence of colloquialisms, card news, the deformation of the utilization of video and media content. Meanwhile in the comic(webtoon) content, we mention the destruction of cut(frame), the various modifications of speech bubbles, onomatopoeia, and mimetic word.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SD
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• v.46 no.12
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• pp.50-57
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• 2009

This paper proposes a VLSI architecture of CAVLC hardware decoder which is a tool eliminating statistical redundancy in H.264/AVC video compression. The previous CAVLC hardware decoder used four stages to decode five code symbols. The previous CAVLC hardware architectures decreased decoding performance because there was an unnecessary idle cycle in between state transitions. Likewise, the computation of valid bit length includes an unnecessary idle cycle. This paper proposes hardware architecture to eliminate the idle cycle efficiently. Two methods are applied to the architecture. One is a method which eliminates an unnecessary things of buffers storing decoded codes and then makes efficient pipeline architecture. The other one is a shifter control to simplify operations and controls in the process of calculating valid bit length. The experimental result shows that the proposed architecture needs only 89 cycle in average for one macroblock decoding. This architecture improves the performance by about 29% than previous designs. The synthesis result shows that the design achieves the maximum operating frequency at 140Mhz and the hardware cost is about 11.5K under a 0.18um CMOS process. Comparing with the previous design, it can achieve low-power operation because this design is implemented with high throughputs and low gate count.

• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.47 no.1
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• pp.9-16
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• 2010

Moving object detection is to detect foreground object different from background scene in a new incoming image frame and is an essential ingredient process in some image processing applications such as intelligent visual surveillance, HCI, object-based video compression and etc. Most of previous object detection algorithms are still computationally heavy so that it is difficult to develop real-time multi-channel moving object detection in a workstation or even one-channel real-time moving object detection in an embedded system using them. Foreground mask correction necessary for a more precise object detection is usually accomplished using morphological operations like opening and closing. Morphological operations are not computationally cheap and moreover, they are difficult to be rendered to run simultaneously with the subsequent connected component labeling routine since they need quite different type of processing from what the connected component labeling does. In this paper, we first devise a fast and precise foreground mask correction algorithm, "Neighbor Foreground Pixel Propagation (NFPP)" which utilizes neighbor pixel checking employed in the connected component labeling. Next, we propose a novel moving object detection method based on the devised foreground mask correction algorithm, NFPP where the connected component labeling routine can be executed simultaneously with the foreground mask correction. Through experiments, it is verified that the proposed moving object detection method shows more precise object detection and more than 4 times faster processing speed for a image frame and videos in the given the experiments than the previous moving object detection method using morphological operations.

• The Journal of the Korea Contents Association
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• v.12 no.6
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• pp.78-91
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• 2012

The Terrestrial DTV service compliant with ATSC has been advancing for years. In KBA(Korean Broadcasters Association), a multi-channel service was broadcasted on air during the period of the 2006 FIFA World Cup Germany with the various type of MMS(Multi Mode Service) using MPEG-2 encoding method. MMS Service can provides not only one HD channel but also serveral additional services within 6MHz bandwidth. Using digital video compression technology(MPEG-2), many various programs such as HDTV, SDTV, Audio and Data are able to be transmitted within the same bandwidth. From November 2009, KBS has been preparing an advanced MMS service, 'Korea-View' which has both methods of encoding, MPEG-2 and H.264 that is compliant ATSC mobile standard, A/153. Korea-View is a kind of multi-channel broadcast service to provide one HD and 3 SD programs with the bandwidth of 6MHz. Terrestrial multi-channel service is required to focuse on expanding viewer service. Such Terrestrial multi-channel services will contribute to transferring to digital broadcasting and to extending the viewers' welfare. Due to advances in digital technology, Pay-TV channels has increased to hundreds. Even though digital switchover is being proceeded, terrestrial broadcasters have been unable to deliver multi-channel services. In this paper, technical features and differences of MMS and Koreaview will be analyzed regarding terrestrial multi-channel broadcasting services, and the politic direction will be proposed in accordance with introduction of future service.