• 대한의용생체공학회:의공학회지
• /
• 제17권4호
• /
• pp.535-544
• /
• 1996

In this paper, we analyzed the coil-magnet type vibrating transducer for the implantable middle ear hearing aid which is appropriate for patient's hearing level, and an experimental transducer system is designed For the objective and quantitative analysis of the transducer, a theoretical equivalent model containing coil, magneto and inner ear is developed To perform effective evaluation of the transducer, a transforming ratio Tr is introduced and its range that is suitable for practical implantable middle ear hearing device is foun4 The result of applying physical parameters of ear system to the proposed analytical model shows that frequency response of the coil magrlet type vibrator is predominantly governed by resistive impedance of the coil rather than inertia effect of the magnet and the inner parameters. In addition, we realized an experimental middle ear hearing aid system to show the theoretical validity of designed system and this will provide the basis of the development for actually implantable system.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제19권5호
• /
• pp.361-368
• /
• 2010

ACROSS device, which is composed of an implantable microphone, a signal processor, and a vibrating transducer, is a fullyimplantable middle ear hearing device(F-IMEHD) for the recovery of patients with hearing loss. And since a microphone is implanted under skin and tissue at the temporal bones, the amplitude of the sound wave is attenuated by absorption and scattering. And the vibrating transducer attached to the ossicular chain caused also the different displacement from characteristic of the stapes. For the gain control of auditory signals, most of implantable hearing devices with the digital audio signal processor still apply to fitting rules of conventional hearing aid without regard to the effect of the implanted microphone and the vibrating transducer. So it should be taken into account the effect of the implantable microphone and the vibrating transducer to use the conventional audio fitting rule. The aim of this study was to measure gain characteristics caused by the implanted microphone and the vibrating transducer attached to the ossicle chains for the gain compensation of ACROSS device. Differential floating mass transducers (DFMT) of ACROSS device were clipped on four cadaver temporal bones. And after placing the DFMT on them, displacements of the ossicle chain with the DFMT operated by 1 $mA_{peak}$ current was measured using laser Doppler vibrometer. And the sensitivity of microphones under the sampled pig skin and the skin of 3 rat back were measured by stimulus of pure tones in frequency from 0.1 to 8.9 kHz. And we confirmed that the microphone implanted under skin showed poorer frequency response in the acoustic high-frequency band than it in the low- to mid- frequency band, and the resonant frequency of the stapes vibration was changed by attaching the DFMT on the incus, the displacement of the DFMT driven with 1 $mA_{rms}$ was higher by the amount of about 20 dB than that of cadaver's stapes driven by the sound presssure of 94 dB SPL in resonance frequency range.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제22권3호
• /
• pp.202-207
• /
• 2003

초음파트랜스듀서는 초점거리의 제어를 위해서 각 진동요소에 전기회로를 이용한 위상가중치를 부가하는 방식을 사용하고 있다. 그러나 이러한 방법은 진동요소가 증가함에 따라 전기회로가 더욱 복잡해진다. 본 연구에서는 바이몰프형 액츄에이터를 신호의 송수신을 하는PVDF의 뒷부분에 삽입하여 선집속형 트랜스듀서를 제작하였다. 이 트랜스듀서를 사용하여 액츄에이터에 인가되는 전압 변화에 의해 기계적으로 초점거리를 제어할 수 있었다. 이 방법을 사용한 결과 수중에서 선집속형 초음파 트랜스듀서의 초점거리를 곡률 반경의 10%범위까지 제어 가능함을 확인하였다.

• The Journal of the Acoustical Society of Korea
• /
• 제18권1E호
• /
• pp.20-26
• /
• 1999

Although the radiation impedance of a transducer with a regular square surface has been studied by many researchers, the formulas are still very complicated, which results in long computation time and low accuracy. In this paper, we propose a new algorithm for the calculation of acoustic radiation impedance in which the regular square vibrating surface of a transducer is divided into small elements and duplicate calculations are eliminated in the process of calculating mutual effects of the elements. Using this algorithm, shorter computation time and higher accuracy of results can be obtained. As a demonstration, the self and the mutual radiation impedance of transducers with a regular square surface are calculated and the accuracy of the results is evaluated.

• Journal of electromagnetic engineering and science
• /
• 제8권1호
• /
• pp.6-11
• /
• 2008

Advances in low power design open the possibility to harvest energy from the environment to power electronic circuits. Electrical energy can be harvested from piezoelectric transducer. Piezoelectric materials can be used as mechanisms to transfer mechanical energy usually vibrating system into electrical energy that can be stored and used to power other devices. Micro- to milli-watts power can be generated from vibrating system. We developed definitive and analytical models to predict the power generated from a cantilever beam attached with piezoelectric transducer. Analytical models are pin-force method, enhanced pin-force method and Euler-Bernoulli method. Harmonic oscillations and random noise will be the two different forcing functions used to drive each system. It has been selected the best model for generating electric power based upon the analytical results obtained.

• 한국전기전자재료학회논문지
• /
• 제14권9호
• /
• pp.744-750
• /
• 2001

Higher directivity acoustic transducer using the self-demodulation effect was fabricated. The structure of transducer was designed such as dimension and support type of the piezoelectric element, the vibrating metal plate, and the housing case. Based on the design, the transducer was fabricated and measured its acoustic characteristics. Also, AM modulated driving circuit was designed for using the self-demodulation effect. The piezoelectric sounder with 200kHz resonant frequency and 20kHz bandwidth was designed by considering the sharp directivity and the sound pressure. The design and fabrication method worked in this study can be utilized in development of various speakers with higher directivity and broader bandwidth.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제27권6호
• /
• pp.374-379
• /
• 2018

The piezocomposite transducer is widely used because it is highly efficient in transforming electric energy into mechanical energy, and its frequency range is broader than that of other types of ultrasound transducers. A general piezocomposite transducer is composed of an acoustic lens, impedance matching layers, piezoelectric materials, and backing layers. When an input voltage is applied to a piezoelectric material as an active material, it generates sound waves while vibrating. At that time, an impedance matching layer helps the sound waves to propagate forward while reducing the impedance mismatch that may occur at the interface between the active material and its front material. The impedance mismatch has a negative effect on the signal of an ultrasound transducer; thus, it is important to design a matching layer to overcome the issue. In this study, an optimized feature of a matching layer with gradient properties is studied. An objective function is defined to minimize both the average and the deviation of the reflection coefficients that are functions of the frequencies. As a result, an improvement in the signal characteristics with respect to the sensitivity and bandwidth is reported.

• 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
• /
• 제어로봇시스템학회 1987년도 한국자동제어학술회의논문집; 한국과학기술대학, 충남; 16-17 Oct. 1987
• /
• pp.631-636
• /
• 1987

The design of ultrasonic transducer energy processing systems requires highly reliable command featuring mechanical frequency tracking and constant velocity control of the ultrasonic transducer with an acoustic load. This paper presents a new conceptional instantaneous current resultant control base high-frequency inverter using self turn-off devices driving an electrostrictive ultrasonic transducer system and its optimum control technique, which is implemented by feed-back of the ultrasonic transducer applied voltage and instantaneous velocity of the transducer vibrating system through a Phase-Locked-Loop control scheme. The feedback voltage corresponding to instantaneous velocity is averaged over a half-period with respect to constant amplitude/constant velocity control strategy. Described are the theory of this signal detection technique and the experimental set-up.

• 센서학회지
• /
• 제18권4호
• /
• pp.286-293
• /
• 2009

The implantable middle ear hearing devices(IMEHDs) have been developed to overcome the conventional hearing aid's problem(ringing effect caused by the acoustic feedback, cosmetic problem, etc.). In the IMEHDs, the vibrating transducer is a key component because its vibration enables to hear for hearing impaired people. The vibrating transducer is implanted on ossicular chain by surgical operation. The coupling status between implanted transducer and ossicular chain has an effect on delivering vibrating force from transducer to stapes. Noninvasive method is required to investigate the output characteristics of IMEHDs after implementation. Recently, emitted sound pressure measuring method of tympanic membrane is proposed to investigate the output characteristics of IMEHDs. However, the relationship between displacement of stapes and sound pressure by tympanic membrane was not cleared. In this paper, displacement of stapes and sound pressure by tympanic membrane were measured using the differential floating mass transducer(DFMT) that implanted on the ossicular chain of the human temporal bone and physical ear model. Through the experiments results, the relationship between displacement of stapes and sound pressure by tympanic membrane was investigated.

• 한국음향학회지
• /
• 제19권7호
• /
• pp.3-6
• /
• 2000

일반적으로 보고되어있는 방사임피던스는 무한강체 배플에 진동면을 두고있는 경우에 대하여 계산되어져 있어, 실제 유한한 크기의 배플을 갖는 트랜스듀서의 설계에는 적용하기 어려운 경우가 많다. 본 연구에서는 피스톤의 진동면을 작은 점음원의 모임으로 가정하고, 각 점음원의 음원강도와 배플의 크기를 관련지어 유한배플을 갖는 진동면에 대한 방사임피던스의 새로운 계산법을 제안하였다. 그에 대한 예로서 정방형의 피스톤 진동면에 대하여 배플의 크기에 따른 자기방사임피던스의 변화를 계산함으로써 제안한 방법의 유효성을 확인하였다.