• 대한수의학회지
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• 제39권4호
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• pp.715-723
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• 1999

Bee venom (BV) has been traditionally applied to relieve pain and to cure inflammatory diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and neuritis. While several investigators have evaluated the anti-inflammatory effect of BV treatment, the anti-nociceptive effect of BV treatment on inflammatory pain is not reported. Therefore, we decided to evaluate the analgesic effect of BV treatment using Freund's adjuvant induced chronic arthritis model. Freund's adjuvant-induced arthritis has been used as an experimental animal model for RA in humans to assess the efficacy of the anti-inflammatory/analgesic drugs. In this study, subcutaneous BV treatment (1mg/kg/day) produced significantly reductions of symptoms related to arthritic pain (i.e. mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia). The anti-nociceptive effect of BV was observed from at least 12 days after BV treatment. Furthermore, BV treatment significantly suppressed adjuvant induced Fos expression in lumbar spinal cord. We also found that local injection of BV into near the inflammatory site (especially Zusanli-acupoint) showed more potent analgesic effect on arthritic pain rather than distant injection of BV from inflammatory site (arbitrary side of back). The present study demonstrates that BV treatment has anti-nociceptive effect on arthritis induced inflammatory pain. The analgesic effect of BV on RA is probably mediated by the effect of BV itself or possible other mechanism such as counter-irritation. Furthermore, it is possible that BV acupuncture is one of the promising candidates for long-term therapy of RA.

• 대한약침학회지
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• 제4권1호
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• pp.65-84
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• 2001

We recently demonstrated that bee venom (BV) injection into acupoint (i.e. Zusanli) produced more potent anti-inflammatory and antinociciptive effect in Freunds adjuvant induced rheumatoid arthritis (RA) model as compared with that of non-acupoint injection(i.e back). However, the precise components underlying BV-induced antinociceptive and/or anti-inflammatory effects have not been fully understood. Therefore, we further investigated the anti-arthritic effect of BV after extracting the whole BV according to solubility (water soluble: BVA, ethylacetate soluble: BVE). Subcutaneous BVA treatment (0.9 mg/kg/day) into Zusanli acupoint was found to dramatically inhibit paw edema and radiological change (i.e. new bone proliferation and soft tissue swelling) caused by Freunds adjuvant injection. In addition, the increase of serum interleukin-6 by RA induction was normalized by the BVA treatment as similar with that of non-arthritic animals. On the other hand, BVA therapy significantly reduced arthritis induced nociceptive behaviors (i.e., nociceptive score for mechanical hyperalgesia and thermal hyperalgesia). Furthermore, BVA treatment significantly suppressed adjuvant induced Fos expression in the lumbar spinal cord at 3 weeks post-adjuvant injection. However, BVE treatment (0.05 mg/kg/day) has not any anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effect on RA. Based on the present results, we demonstrated that BVA might be a effective fraction in whole BV for long-term treatment of RA-induced pain and inflammation. However, it is clear necessary that further fraction study about BVA was required for elucidating an effective component of BVA.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제23권1호
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• pp.69-71
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• 2006

아일랜드 갈웨이주 고르트 근교에서 사육중인 11세, 쇼트혼 종 소가 분만에 도움을 필요로 하였다. 환축은 분만 당일에 기립불능으로 되었다. Lumbo-sacral space, GB3O, GB31, ST40 및 ST41에 덱사메타손 수침을 실시하였다. 또한 간이 뜸처치를 1차 치료 시 실시하였다. 2차 치료 시 환축은 기립이 불가능하였다. 3차 치료 시에는 환축은 자력으로 기립을 시도하였으나 매번 쓰러졌다. 그러나 환축은 분만 후 10일에 약간의 조력으로 기립이 가능하였다. 따라서 본 환축은 덱사메타손 수침 및 간이 뜸 처치의 병용으로 증상이 호전된 기립 불능 우 증례이었다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제24권2호
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• pp.255-259
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• 2007

A 6-year-old, intact male, mongrel dog with yellowish urine, anorexia, depression was referred to the Veterinary Medical Teaching Hospital of the Chungnam National university. Immune mediated hemolytic anemia (IMHA) was diagnosed by clinical signs, physical examination, laboratory tests (CBC, serum chemistry, Coombs' test, autoagglutination test and urinalysis) and diagnostic imaging (X-ray and ultrasonography). Clinical signs were improved after combined immune-suppressive therapy (prednisolone and cyclosporine) and prophylactic heparin therapy. A thrombus ($4cm{\times}1cm$) was observed in the right ventricle by autopsy. Combined therapy and supportive care (antithrombolytic agent and acupuncture) were effective in a dog with IMHA.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제11권1호
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• pp.393-399
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• 1994

This study was carried out to investigate the analgesic and antipyretic effects of acupuncture in goat suffered from pain and fever induced experimentally : electroacupuncture and laser acupuncture for the relief of pain and traditional needing for the of fever. Pain was induced by intraperitoneal injection of 0.7% acetic acid solution and it's extent was estimated with the number of writhing syndrom as indicator of pain. When lipopolysaccharide was given into the vein in goat, fever with biphasic type was produced. In the goats with pain the superior analgesic effects of electroacupuncture to aminopyrine and sulpyrine were found, but the effects of laser acupuncture were not satisfactory. The high body temperature of goats was gradually decreased with the lapse of time following traditional needling(venesection by needle) and showed a tendency to return to normal body temperature. Serum GOT, GPT:, BUN, creatinine values and acetylcholinesterase activity following electroacupuncture were not altered. It is considered that electroacupuncture combined with medicament can sucure exellent analgesic and antipyretic effects in animal practice.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제13권2호
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• pp.108-113
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• 1996

The effect of aqua-acupuncture of total saponin on the recovery of liver function in -intoxicated rats was exemined. Rats were divided into normal, control and three experimental groups (As-I group : aqua-acupuncture of saline to Gansu locus and Aa-III group : aqua-a-cupuncture of total saponin to blank locus at the thigh). Changes of some serum biochemical parameters (ALT, AST and ALP, total protein and albumin, and albumin/globulin (A/G) ratio) were determined. Serum ALT activities were increased by $CCI_{4}$T and decreased in all aqua-acupuncture groups compared with the control group. Aa-I group showed significant decrease of ALT activities on the 2nd (P<0.05) and 3rd (P<0.05) day, respectively. Aa-II group showed significant decrease on the 3rd day (P<0.05) day. Serum AST activities were increased by $CCI_{4}$T and decreased in all apua-acupuncture groups compared with the control group. Aa-I group showed significant decrease on the 1st (P<0.05), 2nd (P<0.001) and 3rd (P<0.001) day, respectively. Aa-II group showed significant decrease on the 3rd (P<0.001) day. Aa-III group showed significant decrese on the 1st (P<0.05) and 3rd (P<0.001) day, respectrvely. Serum ALP activities were increased by $CCI_{4}$T and decreased in all aqua-a-cupuncture groups compared with the control group. Aa-I group showed significant decrease on the 3rd (P<0.01) day. Total protein, albumin and A/G ratio were decreased by $CCI_{4}$T and increased in all aqua-acupuncture groups compared with control group. Aa-I group showed significant increase only on the 3rd day in albumin (P<0.01). It was thought that the aqua-acupuncture of total saponin to Gansu locus was effective on the recovery of liver function in $CCI_{4}$T-intoxicated rats.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제20권1호
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• pp.22-25
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• 2003

본 연구는 정상 및 결장염을 유발한 rat에서 침술이 결장운동성에 미치는 영향을 알아보고, 이에 내인성 opioid가 관여하는지의 여부를 알아보기 위하여 수행하였다. 22마리의 Sprague-Dawley rat을 정상군 (n=8), 결장염군 (n=6) 및 maloxone군(n=8)의 세군으로 나누어 실험을 실시하였다. Rat의 근위 결장의 장막하에 스테인레스 전극을 장착하고, 전극장착 7일 후에 trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid(TNBS)과 ethanol을 이용하여 결장염을 유발하였다. 결장의 근전도는 전극장착 11일 후에 trinitrobenzene sulphonic acid(TNBS)과 ethanol을 이용하여 결장염을 유발하였다. 결장의 근전도는 전극장착 11일 후에 polygraph를 이용하여 측정하였다. 정상군에서는 정상 결장의 기초 근전도를 60분간 기록한 후에 GV-1에 20분간 전통 침술을 실시하고, 다시 60분간 근전도를 가록하였으며, 결장염군에서는 TNBS/ethanol이 미리 투여된 rat에 정상군에서와 같은 방법으로 근전도 기록 및 침술을 실시하였다. Naloxone 군에서는 결장염군과 같은 방법으로 TNBS/ethanol이 미리 투여된 rat에 침술을 실시하기전 naloxone(3 mg/kg, SC)을 투여하고 다른 군에서와 마찬가지로 근전도와 침술을 실시하였다. 정상군에서는 침술이 결장의 운동성에 영향을 미치지 않았다. 그러나 TNBS/ethanol을 투여하여 결장염이 유발된 결장염군에서는 침술에 의해서 결장의 운동성이 유의적으로 저하되었다(p＜0.01). Naloxone군에서는 침술에 의한 결장운동성의 저하는 관찰할 수 없었다. 이상의 결과로 보아 rat에서 GV-1 혈위의 침술에 의해 유발된 내인성 opioid는 염증상태의 결장 운동성을 감소시킨 것으로 사료된다.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제19권2호
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• pp.204-206
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• 2002

The effects of electroacupuncture on small intestinal motility in dogs were investigated. The acupoints used in the experiment were Shao Ze (SI-1), Hou Xi. (SI-3), Yang Lao (SI-6), Zhi Zheng (SI-7) and Xiao Hai (SI-8) which belong to small intestine meridian, Xiao Chang Shu (BL-27) which belongs to urinary bladder meridian, and Guan Yuan (CV-4) which belongs to conception vessel meridian. The anupoints were stimulated with 2-4 volt and 5 Hz for 20 minutes Electroacupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints increased the intestinal motility, but at Guan Yuan decreased the motility. The acupuncture at Hou Xi, Zhi Zheng and Xiao Chang Shu acupoints showed an increase or decrease of the intestinal movement. The results indicate that the electroacupuncture at Guan Yuan acupoint may depress intestinal motility in cases such as vomiting or diarrhea, and the acupuncture at Shao Ze, Yang Lao, and Xiao Hai acupoints to promote the motility in cases of digestive disturbance may be effective in veterinary practice.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.380-383
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• 2004

Two dogs with hindlimb paralysis were referred to the Teaching Animal Hospital of Chonbuk National University. We performed an acupuncture in two cases. Case No.1 was a 5-year-old, 3kg intact mixed breed female dog presented with hindlimb paralysis during last 3 days. Physical examinations, CBC, serum chemistry, urinalysis and radiography carried out. The diagnosis was the thoracolumbar disk disease of Tl2-Tl3 on the basis of above these tests. Acupoints selected were Lumbosacral point, GV-5(Xuan Shu), GV-20(Bai Hui), GB-30(Huan Tiao), GB-31(Feng Shi), ST-36(Zu San Li) and GB-34(Yang Ling Quan). we performed an acupuncture therapy five times at 2 days intervals for 15 minutes each time. Case No.2 was 7-year-old, 6.0kg, mixed breed male dog which was presented with the history of hindlimb paralysis since 2 months. The medical history of the patient revealed that the condition did not respond to medicinal therapy. The diagnosis was the thoracolumbar disk disease of Tl3-Ll and left patellar luxation (one or two grade). We decided to perform acupuncture in this case also and the Lumbosacral point, GV-5(Xuan Shu), GV­6(Ji Zhong), GV-7(Zhong She), GB-30(Huan Tiao), GB-31(Feng Shi), ST-36(Zu San Li), GB-34(Yang Ling Quan) were used. We performed acupuncture therapy at day 3, 6, 8 and 10 for 15 minutes each time. The response to an acupuncture therapy in two patients was good and the patients were almost recovered from hindlimb paralysis.

• 한국임상수의학회지
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• 제6권1호
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• pp.217-225
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• 1989

In order to develop the effective methods of electroacupuncture anesthesia to bovine species. eight animals of Korean native cow, which are healthy and have ordinary perception response. were examined to study on the acupuncture prescription. In the present study, six kinds of acupuncture prescription methods were applied with four kinds of meridian points which consist of Sam Yang Rack, Keuk Moon, Boo Yang and Sam Eum Kyo. The results are summarized as follows. 1. All kinds of methods applied here were simple in needling technique but considerably effective on analgesia. It was also confirmed that the methods could be applied to the all clinical signs, because these were not depended to vary on the position of operation area and the body restrain. 2. The results, which were obtained by applying to all meridian points at both legs selected by diagonal lines(e. g., right foreleg and left hind leg, and vice versa) and to all meridian points at the all legs, were revealed the same analgesia effect. However, the result applied to meridian points at one side of body did not show the good effect for analgesia. 3. When the acupuncture prescription was applied to Sam Yang Rack and Keuk Moon at both forelegs, and Boo Yang and Sam Eum Kyo at both hind-legs, the good effects of regional analgesia appeared at the anterior body and both forelegs, and the posterior body and both hind-legs, respectivery. 4. There was no sognificant difference in changing biochemical pictures of blood and serum during the experiment.