• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.22 no.3
• /
• pp.305-314
• /
• 2012

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of joint kinetics and coordination on within-individual differences in maximum vertical jump. 10 male subjects aged 20 to 30 performed six trials in maximum vertical jump and with based on jump height the good(GP) and bad(BP) performances for each subject were compared on joint kinetics of lower extremity and coordination parameters such as joint reverse and relative phase. The results showed that maximum moment, power, and work done of hip joint and maximum moment of ankle joint in GP were significantly higher than that in the BP but no significant differences for the knee joint. We could observe a significant difference in joint reverse timing between both conditions. And also the relative phase on ankle-knee and ankle-hip in GP were significantly lower than that in the BP, which means that in GP joint movements were more in-phase synchronized mode. In conclusion, mechanical outputs of hip and ankle joints had an effect on within-individual differences in vertical jump and the inter-joint coordination and coordination including sequence and timing of joint motion also might be high influential factors on the performances within individual.

• Journal of Science and Technology Studies
• /
• v.3 no.1 s.5
• /
• pp.105-156
• /
• 2003

This paper aims to explore the cause and aspect of inter-ministerial policy conflict and its coordination in science and technology policy-making with the case of science and technology basic law-making process in Korea. This law-making processes are analysed through the three periods for the last 10 years starting 1992, such as law-formulation(1st) period, interim law-making (2nd) period, and final law-making(3rd) period. Based on these steps, it tries to concretely describe the phenomenon of policy conflict and the coordination mechanism among government departments and analyses the characteristics of dynamic interaction and mutual adjustment among the related agencies. The analysis is mainly focussed on the underlying causes and determinants of policy conflict, the development and coordination process of the conflict, the strategies and logics of the conflict participants, and eliciting some policy implications for effective policy coordination among government departments. Research results are summarized as follows. First, in science and technology policy-making the main causes of policy conflict among government departments are attributed to the difference of policy-orientation and jurisdiction-orientation of each agency. During the first period, the main aspect of policy conflict was policy-oriented, during the second, the main aspects of policy conflict were both policy-oriented and jurisdiction-oriented, and during the third, policy-oriented conflict was dominant. Second, the dominant typology and strategies of policy coordination which the participants used were vertical-political and horizontal-analytic approach. During the first period, horizontal and analytical approach were used, during the second, horizontal and political approach are mixedly used, and during the third, vertical and political approach were dominantly used. Third, The Korean National Assembly and the ruling party played a pivotal role in science and technology policy-making process(the basic law-making process) in particular during the final period.

• Journal of the Economic Geographical Society of Korea
• /
• v.19 no.4
• /
• pp.712-728
• /
• 2016

This study examines the foundations of contract farming, the extent of corporate vertical coordination, and farmer's land use in regards to the contract farming between discount store and watermelon farmers in Buyeo-gun, Chungcheongnam-do. In the above case, contract farming is led by the group of producers. As the corporate's role is limited due to the specification of watermelon breed, contract farming takes the form of procurement contract with restrained levels of corporate vertical coordination. Thus, it has become common for contract farmers to freely enter and leave contracts and sign contracts with multiple clients. Furthermore, farmers participate in contract farming by using contract breeds in existing crop rotation systems. Through this process, watermelon farming is undergoing a process of diversification via the spread of contract varieties in this region.

• Korean System Dynamics Review
• /
• v.13 no.1
• /
• pp.81-112
• /
• 2012

This study investigate the impact of supply chain contracts on supply chain performance. This study employed Price adjustment contract(PAC) and Quantity adjustment contract(QAC) as two main types of a vertical coordination mechanism. We simulate different types of coordination mechanisms with various degrees of demand uncertainties and several capacity tightness scenarios. This study shows that PAC and QAC significantly enhance the supply chain profits and fill rates suggesting that supply chain performance can be improved by implementing a proper coordination mechanism depends on the level of a capacity tightness and demand uncertainty.

• Journal of Navigation and Port Research
• /
• v.48 no.2
• /
• pp.78-87
• /
• 2024

To quantitatively assess the correlation between subsystems within a port cluster and the overall coordinated development of the port group, the current paper evaluates the coordinated development of port clusters. First, we construct an evaluation index system for the coupling and coordination of port clusters. Next, we introduce the contribution index of port subsystems, coupling degree, and coupling coordination degree functions to formulate a coupling coordination evaluation model for the port cluster. Finally, we use the Yangtze River Delta port cluster as a case study for validation, specifically using empirical data from 2012 to 2021. The findings reveal distinct phased characteristics in the coupling and coordination of port clusters in the Yangtze River Delta, marked by a notable transition from "maladjustment" to "coordination." Further, sustained high coupling values over a decade indicate a significant level of competition and cooperation among ports within the Yangtze River Delta port cluster. Over time, this competitive and collaborative dynamic has progressively evolved toward a more positive and structured direction. Lastly, it is expected that the evaluation model proposed in this paper can be extrapolated to other port clusters to gauge the extent of coordinated development, thereby facilitating horizontal comparisons and vertical analyses.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.28 no.2
• /
• pp.109-117
• /
• 2018

Objective: To compare head and hand movement patterns during squash forehand motions between experts and less-skilled squash players. Method: Four experts and four less-skilled squash players participated in this study. They performed squash forehand swings and a VICON motion analysis system was used to obtain displacement and velocity data of the head and right hand during the movement. Mann-Whitney U-tests were performed to compare head and hand range of motion and peak velocity, and cross-correlation was performed to analyze the head-hand coordination pattern between groups in three movement directions. Results: In terms of head and hand kinematic data, experts had greater head range of motion during down swings than less-skilled squash players. Experts seemed to reach peak hand velocity at impact by reaching peak head velocity followed by hand peak velocity within a given temporal sequence. In terms of head-hand coordination patterns, both groups revealed high positive correlations in the medial-lateral direction, indicating a dominant allocentric coordination pattern. However, experts had uncoupled coordination patterns in the vertical direction and less-skilled squash players had high positive correlations. These results indicate that the head-hand movement pattern likely an important factor squash forehand movement. Conclusion: Analysis of head and hand movement patterns could be a key variable in squash training to reach expert-level performance.

• Proceedings of the KSR Conference
• /
• 2008.06a
• /
• pp.1676-1682
• /
• 2008

The vertical curve of railway is installed in changing point where the gradient is more than a certain degree to ensure safe operation of train and comfort of passengers. As a result of CAD work with 3D coordination by using the existing equation, it was found that the simple equation about vertical curve installation suggested in the surveying engineering or railway regulations did not reflect theoretical curvature of circular curve in a case of steep grade and large vertical radius. In this study, for derive precision equation and transition curve about vertical curve, gradient parameters, equation of circles and transition curve equation were used, and it was verified by CAD that the derived equation is exactly satisfied with parameters of geometrical circular and transition curve. This equation could be used to provide more smoothing operation of train and comfort of passengers on vertical curves, especially in case that railway requires precision vertical alignment of track such as super high-speed railway, LRT or Maglev system.

• Journal of Information Technology Applications and Management
• /
• v.19 no.1
• /
• pp.37-46
• /
• 2012

The scheduling problem of large products like ships, airplanes, space shuttles, assembled constructions, and automobiles is very complex in nature. To reduce inherent computational complexity, we often design scheduling systems that the original problem is decomposed into small sub-problems, which are scheduled independently and integrated into the original one. Moreover, the steep growth of communication technology and logistics makes it possible to produce a lot of multi-nation corporation by which products are produced across more than one plant. Therefore vertical and lateral coordination among decomposed scheduling systems is necessary. In this research, we suggest an agent-based coordinating mechanism for multi-level scheduling systems in supply chain. For design of a general coordination mechanism, at first, we propose a grammar to define individual scheduling agents which are responsible to their own plants, and a meta-level coordination agent which is engaged to supervise individual scheduling agents. Second, we suggest scheduling agent communication protocols for each scheduling agent topology which is classified according to the system architecture, existence of coordinator, and direction of coordination. We also suggest a scheduling agent communication language which consists of three layers : Agent Communication Layer, Scheduling Coordination Layer, Industry-specific Layer. Finally, in order to improve the efficiency of communication among scheduling agents we suggest a rough capacity coordination model which supports to monitor participating agents and analyze the status of them. With this coordination mechanism, we can easily model coordination processes of multiple scheduling systems. In the future, we will apply this mechanism to shipbuilding domain and develop a prototype system which consists of a dock-scheduling agent, four assembly-plant-scheduling agents, and a meta-level coordination agent. A series of experiment using the real-world data will be performed to examine this mechanism.

• Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship
• /
• v.9 no.6
• /
• pp.171-181
• /
• 2014

CSV(Creating Shared Value) model was proposed by Porter and Kramer (2011) to address relationship between businesses and society. Namely, it means that CSV deals with business value and social problem solving simultaneously. In this paper, the notion of CSV was applied to the food enterprise, and the cases of CSV with farming area were discovered. Especially, this paper proposed the framework for analyzing CSV activity based on the three-level of CSV suggested by Porter and Kramer (2011) and strategic options for vertical coordination proposed by Peterson et al. (2001). As a result of case analysis applying the proposed framework in this study, three types of CSV activity were discovered: Local food type, downstream support type, and joint corporate establish type. Local food type creates CSV based on momentary purchase or specification contract as strategic options for vertical coordination. Downstream support type creates CSV mainly based on relation-based alliance as a strategic option for vertical coordination. Lastly, joint corporate establish type creates CSV based on equity-based alliance as a strategic option for vertical coordination. This paper contributed to the CSV literatures for discovering cases of CSV with farming area and categorizing discovered cases applying proposed framework.

• Korean Journal of Applied Biomechanics
• /
• v.26 no.2
• /
• pp.191-195
• /
• 2016

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to analyze the immediate effects of ankle restriction with an elastic band on ground reaction force during a golf swing. Method: There were five subjects who were teaching pros with an average golf score of 75. A force platform (9281B, Switzerland) was used. The independent variable was the presence of an elastic band. The dependent variables were three-dimensional ground reaction forces to analyze the transfer of momentum with the timing, control and coordination of the three forces. A paired t-test within subject repeated measure design was used via an SPSS 20.0. Results: Wearing an elastic band around one's ankles significantly makes shorter time differences between the moment of cross anterior / posterior forces and vertical force and median value of anterior / posterior forces during the backswing, between medial and lateral maximum and anterior / posterior force from the top of the back swing to the mid down swing, and creates an anterior / posterior maximum force. Conclusion: Wearing an elastic band around one's ankles affects control and coordination between three dimensional forces, and anterior force power according to each phase of the golf swing.