• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.90 no.5
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• pp.447-458
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• 2024

This study investigated the influence of scale ratio and vertical load on the seismic performance of Puzuo joints in traditional Chinese timber structures. Three low-cyclic reversed loading tests were conducted on three scaled specimens of Bujian Puzuo in Yingxian Wooden Pagoda. This study focused on the deformation patterns and analyzed seismic performance under varying scale ratios and vertical loads. The results indicated that the slip and rotational deformations of Bujian Puzuo were the primary deformations. The scale of the specimen did not affect the layer where the maximum interlayer slip occurred, but it did decrease the proportion of slip deformation. Conversely, the reducing vertical load caused the layer with the maximum slippage and the position of the damaged Dou components to shift upward, and the proportion of slip deformation increased. When the vertical load was decreased by 3.7 times, the maximum horizontal bearing capacity under positive and negative loadings, initial stiffness, and energy dissipation of the specimen decreased by approximately 60%, 58.79%, 69.62%, and 57.93%, respectively. The horizontal bearing capacity under positive loading and energy dissipation of the specimen increased by 35.63% and 131.54%, when the specimen scale was doubled and the vertical load was increased by 15 times.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.9 no.4
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• pp.325-334
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• 2020

This paper aims to evaluate the interfacial stress concentrations on connection between vertical through-plate and H-beam in CFT column. Full-scale experiments were performed on three specimens with varying thickness of the vertical through-plate to investigate the interfacial stress concentration factor in the connections. The specimens underwent brittle failure at the location where the steel beam is connected to the vertical through-plate before the steel beam reached its plastic moment. The strain data of the part were analyzed, and the sectional analyses were conducted to determine appropriate residual stress models. In addition, the stress concentration factor was quantified by comparing the analytical local behavior in which the stress concentration is not reflected and the experimental data reflecting the stress concentration. The results showed that the maximum reduction of the stress concentration factor due to an increase in the thickness of the vertical through-plate is 50.3%.

• Proceedings of the Korea Information Processing Society Conference
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• 2014.11a
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• pp.171-172
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• 2014

This paper proposes a SDN based Proxy Mobile IPv6 (PMIPv6) architecture for heterogeneous vehicular networks (SDN-VANET), to provide the continuity of service during the horizontal handovers and to reduce the delay during vertical and horizontal handovers. SDN-VANET mainly relies on DSRC road side units (RSUs) for V2I communication and to overcome the coverage problem SDN-VANET performs the vertical handover between DSRC and LTE/UMTS. To date there is no standard to perform network layer vertical handovers. Therefore the proposed SDN-VANET architecture also doesn't provide any mechanism for vertical network layer handovers, but solves the horizontal network layer handovers in DSRC or LTE/UMTS through introducing PMIPv6 in the architecture.

• International Journal of High-Rise Buildings
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• v.4 no.2
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• pp.153-160
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• 2015

As the predominant mode of vertical urban development in China, mixed-use complexes provide the optimal case for the research of sustainable and vertical urbanism. This paper reviews three typical mixed-use complexes with various vertical space systems in Shanghai via the combination of field observation, questionnaires and software analysis. It then proceeds to determine which vertical space system is most effective for encouraging sustainable vertical urban development from the perspective of spatial efficiency. Finally, it concludes with an evaluation of the relative capabilities of the design features of a mixed-use complex: to create external dimensional-connections, to create multiple internal connections, and to organize overall composite functions.

• Journal of the Korean Solar Energy Society
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• v.34 no.1
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• pp.19-27
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• 2014

Exterior vertical illuminance is an important factor for lighting control. But, there are not many researches about the exterior illuminance on a vertical surface. In this study, we predicted the exterior illuminance on a vertical surface using vertical luminous efficacy. First, we calculated the vertical luminous efficacy according to the sky clearness category. And we performed the statistical analysis of the measured and the calculated illuminance with luminous efficacy. The MBE and RMSE of the predicted exterior illuminance were-1.2% and 15.5%, respectively. Second, the annual illuminance on a vertical surface calculated with the luminous efficacy and the short-term measured solar irradiance was suggested in this study.

• Journal of the Korea Furniture Society
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.122-128
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• 2014

Recently, many studies have conducted to satisfy a physical need of human between environment of light on space, so an atrium structure has been applied to cultural complex. However, this structure brings about many problems such as overheating in summer, excessive vertical temperature differences, condensation, diffusion of noise, effect of echo, and withering landscapes. Especially, in this research, thermal comfort by difference of vertical temperature in the space of atrium and the optical characteristics of glass skins of the atrium could be remarkably effected by solar flux entering indoors.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.1 no.2
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• pp.64-69
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• 2009

The two-dimensional unsteady flow around a vertical axis turbine for tidal stream energy conversion was investigated using a computational fluid dynamics tool solving the Reynolds-Averaged Navier-Stokes equations. The geometry of the turbine blade section was NACA653-018 aiifoil. The computational analysis was done at several different angles of attack and the results were compared with the corresponding experimental data for validation and calibration. Simulations were then carried out for the two-dimensional cross section of a vertical axis turbine. The simulation results demonstrated the usefulness of the method for the typical unsteady flows around vertical axis turbines. The optimum turbine efficiency was achieved for carefully selected combinations of the number of blades and tip speed ratios.

• International Journal of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering
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• v.3 no.3
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• pp.174-180
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• 2011

This paper shows added mass and inertia can be acquired from the pure heaving motion and pure pitching motion respectively. A Vertical Planar Motion Mechanism (VPMM) test for the spheroid-type Unmanned Underwater Vehicle (UUV) was compared with a theoretical calculation and Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) analysis in this paper. The VPMM test has been carried out at a towing tank with specially manufactured equipment. The linear equations of motion on the vertical plane were considered for theoretical calculation, and CFD results were obtained by commercial CFD package. The VPMM test results show good agreement with theoretical calculations and the CFD results, so that the applicability of the VPMM equipment for an underwater vehicle can be verified with a sufficient accuracy.

• Journal of The Korea Institute of Healthcare Architecture
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.31-40
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• 2013

Purpose: It seems obvious that the hospital structures become more large-sized and tall-risen in Korea today. Nothing is more influential than the vertical core plan on the movements of various people in such large-tall hospitals. The present paper, therefore, aims to study on the efficient hospital core space paying first attention to patients by analysing the data on relations between/among department layouts of vertical and horizontal movements. Methods: This study sampled representative 14 hospitals and drew their degrees of data importance on the basis of precedented relative studies. This study also analysed their placements on the blueprint and made confirmations of their arrangements through their homepage on line. Actual visits were made to make sure of the spacial connections between/among departments in the hospitals as well. Results: Even in emergency case in need for vertical movements, the central main core spaces are usually used, which is because special vertical transportation systems are not provided. In these cases, the main core spaces are very important for those who have to move vertically and/or horizontally according to the locations and types of main cores. While special lifts or dumbwaiters are prepared to install for the important articles, such as samples of pathology department, most patients should share with regular visitors the elevators not separated visually and spatially from them. Implications: Vertical core plans are greatly dependent on the ward types and hospital styles. This study is hopefully expected to contribute itself to the standard setting-up of comfortable and quick vertical core system operations for patients.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.10 no.6
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• pp.603-619
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• 2000

Analysis of a framed structure for vertical vibration requires a lot of computational efforts because large number of degrees of freedom are generally involved in the dynamic responses. This paper presents an efficient modeling technique for vertical vibration utilizing substructuring technique and super elements. To simplify the modeling procedure each floor in a structure is modeled as a substructure. Only the vertical translational degrees of freedom are selected as master degrees of freedom in the inside of each substructure. At the substructure-column interface, horizontal and rotational degrees of freedom are also included considering the compatibility condition of slabs and columns. For further simplification, the repeated parts in a substructure are modeled as super elements, which reduces computation time required for the construction of system matrices in a substructure. Finally, the Guyan reduction technique is applied to enhance the efficiency of dynamic analysis. In numerical examples, the efficiency and accuracy of the proposed method are demonstrated by comparing the response time histories and the analysis time.