• Journal of the Korea Institute of Building Construction
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• v.11 no.2
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• pp.127-135
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• 2011

In this study, the engineering characteristics of outer wall insulation panels according to type of insulation materials, their combination, and the contents of insulation materials were tested. Vermiculate, ceramic bead, perlite and expanded polystyrene were used as insulation materials. Flexural strength and thermal conductivity depending on the insulation materials used were measured. It was found that the flow of fresh mortar significantly decreased with an increase in the contents of insulation materials. In terms of the effect of insulation materials on thermal conductivity, an increase in insulation materials resulted in a decrease of thermal conductivity. In particular, PL and EPS, when used together, have lower thermal conductivity than other materials. Regarding the flexural strength of the hardened mortar, the strength showed a tendency to gradually decrease according to the increase in contents of insulation materials, compared to that of the plain mortar. In terms of the flexural strength depending on various types of insulation materials and its combination, it was found that the flexural strength of cement mortar containing 3% of vermiculate(V)+ceramic bead(CB)+perlite(PL) was the highest among the specimens tested.

• Journal of Plant Biotechnology
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• v.2 no.3
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• pp.151-155
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• 2000

Shoot proliferation was obtained from shoot tips and nodal explants of Vitex negundo L. on MS medium supplemented with either BAP or KIN (0.1-2.0 mg/L) alone or in combination with NAA (0.1 mg/L). The concentrations of cytokinins combined with NAA produced multiple shoots from shoot tips and nodal explants. The highest mean percentage (84.3$\pm$8.0) of shoot multiplication's were observed on nodal explants in the presence of BAP (1.5 mg/L) and NAA (0.1 mg/L) followed by shoot tips (65.0$\pm$5.0). The regenerated shootlets were rooted on MS basal medium IAA, IBA, NAA (0.1-1.5 mg/L). The maximum number of roots (51.0$\pm$2.6) was achieved on the medium containing IBA (1.0 mg/L) followed by other auxins (NAA, IAA). The regenerated plants were successfully transferred to a mixture of vermiculate and soil. About 95% of the plantlets survived when transferred to the field.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Biology
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• v.29 no.2
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• pp.92-97
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• 2011

Morphological and physiological differences of $Colocasia$ $esculenta$ were investigated in the cultivation of hydorphonic and soil culture. $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in Hoa.+IAA (indole-acetic acid) showed higher growth activity representing 9%, 32%, 38% and 60% than those of the cultivation of vermiculate, Hoagland solution, soil and water, respectively. In case of $F_v/F_m$ ratio experiments, the value $F_v/F_m$ of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in the water showed 0.55 after 6 weeks. $F_v/F_m$ values of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in Hoagland+IAA, vermiculate and soil were between 0.84 and 0.80 indicating $F_v/F_m$ values were about 45% higher than that of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in the water. Diffusion resistance was 45~35% lower in $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in Hoa.+IAA solution than that of $C.$ $esculenta$ grown in water only after 5 and 6 weeks. Therefore, the high standing levels of the growth rate, fluorescence activity and transpiration rate were Hoa.+IAA, vermiculate, Hoagland, soil and water. The distinct morphological differences of $C.$ $esculenta$ cultivated in hydorphonic and soil culture were the appearance of the seed corm and root hair. The development of seed corm was well established in soil culture but the corm in hydorphonic was slowly hydrolyzed and then disappeared. The fibrous root systems of hydorphonic were very well distinguishable compared with that in soil culture. Outstanding results of this experiment were appeared in $C.$ $esculenta$ which was cultivated in the field provided with enough mineral nutrition, organic fertilizers and compound fertilizers. The most height taros were almost 2m and the numbers of seed corm were 30~40 after 7 months.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.95 no.3
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• pp.358-364
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• 2006

This study was conducted to develop optimal solid culture medium for Tricholoma matsutake. As the solid matrix, granitic soil, perlite, vermiculate, pine sawdust and peat moss were compared regarding their effected on mycelial growth. Ergosterol content which is a fungal wall component was used as the growth index of the mycelia. Among the various solid matrixes, the granitic soil, perlite and mixture of the two supported the growth most. Barely flour appeared to be very effective on the stimulating of the mycelial growth when added to the solid matrix. An mixture of the matrix contained an even (1:1:1:1, v/v/v/v) mixture of granitic soil, perlite, vermiculate and pine sawdust. T. matsutake started growth 2 weeks after inoculation and reached stationary growth phase after 8th weeks in the solid matrix mixture. The mycelial density in the solid matrix was 7 times higher than that in fairy-ring soil. In addition, 30~70% water content and 10% humus soil in the solid matrix also supported good growth suggesting that T. matsutake needs humus soil for a nutrient sources. The solid matrix developed in the present study could be used to study physiological characteristics of T. matsutake as well.

• Applied Biological Chemistry
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• v.39 no.1
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• pp.20-24
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• 1996

Pseudomonas fluorescens ps88 was isolated from the rhizosphere soil produced the secondary metabolite called siderophore under iron Limited conditions. On iron limiting KMB medium this strain inhibited the growth of Pythium ultimum, Pyricularia oryzae, Rhizoctonia solani and Xanthomonas oryzae. Cucumber seeds were coated with the strain ps88 and were grown in green house soil. Forty days after the seed emergence, disease incidence caused by Fusarium oxysporium was reduced up to 50%. When the cucumber plants were grown in vermiculite, a significant fresh weight was increased. Root development of red pepper plants was also enhanced on MS medium supplemented with siderophore.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.11 no.3
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• pp.12-19
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• 2008

This study was conducted to investigate the draft data for the habitat environment and massive propagation method of Miscanthus changii, which is classified as rare species. The in-site analysis of the native soil give a indication of pH 5.24~5.48, electric conductivity (EC)0.03~0.02 $dS{\cdot}m^{-1}$, organic matter (OM) 1.13~1.15%, Ca 3.4 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, K 0.25 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, Mg 0.53 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$, N 0.23%, P 2.15 $mg{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ showed low and 0.33~9.12 $cmol{\cdot}kg^{-1}$ CEC. Growth and tiller number in rhizome propagation of Miscanthus changii showed that horticulture media (perlite 1+vermiculate 1+peat moss 1) is the most suitable soil to habitat. As for seed propagation, germination percentage is 0% (0/20) at first seeding, 2% (1/50) at second seeding and 2.1% (6/280) at third seeding. The average germination percentage was below 2%. This is the reason why Miscanthus changi disappear at habitat of poor soil environment and low germination. We gained 61 plants that 60 rhizome propagation and 1 by seed propagation, renatural to habitat.

• Korean Journal of Ichthyology
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• v.21 no.1
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• pp.61-64
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• 2009

Four specimens (114.2~134.2 mm SL) of Icelus stenosomus Andriashev, family Cottidae, were collected from Goseong-gun, Gangwon-do, East Sea of Korea. They were identified based on the following characters : a pair of strong spines on occipital region, distinct row of scales on both dorsal and ventral sides of body, vermiculate white lines on dorsal side of body, and small prickled scales scattered sparsely on the head. We propose a new Korean name for the species as a new Korean name : 'Mu-nui-jul-ga-si-hoet-dae'.

• Journal of Soil and Groundwater Environment
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• v.26 no.5
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• pp.1-8
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• 2021

A series of pot experiments were conducted to quantitatively estimate inhibitory effects of reclaimed soil on the growth of Lentil (Lens culinaris) with two soils remediated by land farming (DDC) and low temperature thermal desorption(YJ), respectively. After cultivation in a growth chamber for 8 days, plants were harvested for the analysis of 8 indices including chlorophyll-a and carotenoid in leaves, shoot fresh weight, root dry weight, root length, number of later roots, specific root length (SRL) as well as germination rate in comparison to control experiment conducted on nursery soil. Root length was estimated by SmartRoot program from the digital images of the roots. The results showed germination rate on YJ and DDC soil decreased 29 and 71%, respectively. In comparison to the control, the averaged value of the 8 indices for YJ and DDC soil showed overall growth inhibition was 48 and 68%, respectively. When the same experiment was conducted with 25% (W/W) vermiculate amended soil, plant growth on each soil was comparable to that of the control. The results implies reclaimed soils requires additional processes and/or amendments to reuse for plant growth.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.19 no.2
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• pp.41-54
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• 2016

The production of high quality seedlings is a very important phase in silvicultural systems for successful reforestation or restoration. The purpose of this study was to measure both growth performances and nutrient responses of Fraxinus rhynchophylla and Pinus densiflora seedlings, which are commercially planted in Korea, according to soil improvement treatments. We applied 8 types of soil improvements: control with no treatment, compost B and compost Y as organic materials, vermiculite, perlite, two level of zeolite, and mix of vermiculite, perlite, and zeolite as inorganic materials in a permanent national nursery. Only compost B treatment significantly increased soil pH, organic matter, total nitrogen, available phosphorus, exchangeable potassium and calcium at the 0-10 cm soil depth. The growth of F. rhynchophylla and P. densiflora was the highest at the compost B treatment and the lowest at the vermiculate treatment. Compost B treatment allocated more carbon to aboveground than belowground by 39%, especially to foliage. On the vector diagnosis, there was 'shortage' on compost B treatment because of all increases of N contents, N concentrations, and growth and 'over accumulation' on vermiculite treatment because of more N uptake compared with dry weight increase. This study suggested optimal use of soil improvements is very important to improve soil quality in a permanently used nursery.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
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• v.58 no.4
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• pp.439-442
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• 2013

This study was conducted to develop the testing method for excessive water tolerance at germinating stage and to screen 31 domestic peanut cultivars. Regardless of peanut grain scales, the amount of seed absorption nearly reached the peak in 10 hours after imbibition. When peanut seed in vermiculate soil was directly soaked in water, ability of emergence did not reduced until 16 days and then sharply reduce to 25 days with non-emergence. When seeds germinated for 1, 2, 3, and 4 days after seeding (DAS) were soaked, the emergence abilities were distinctively varied according to the sequent soaking days such as 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 days. This explained the negative relationship between first germinating days (DAS) and following soaking days. Using the method of 2 day germinating and 3 day soaking that show less than 70% of emergence ability, 31 peanut cultivars were applied to test excessive water tolerance. Emergence rates varied 0% to 69% according to cultivar. Cultivar Daekwang, Sinkwang, Daecheong and Baekseon had over 50% emergence rates. These results suggested that the degree of water resistance in germinating stage may be important point to evaluate the excessive water resistance among cultivars.