• Journal of Advanced Navigation Technology
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• v.21 no.3
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• pp.300-305
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• 2017

It is necessary to establish a system suitable for the driving vehicle so that it can effectively search for and modify various data anywhere and anytime by effectively linking communication with the computer system in the running vehicle and to control the equipment properly for smooth operation on a limited platform do. Also, vehicle CAN communication is used to extract system engine information, and data is transmitted using ZigBee for this information transmission. Therefore, OBD-II protocol, which is provided by the vehicle itself, is used for vehicle CAN to obtain vehicle status information and exhaust gas using various sensor information of the vehicle and O2 sensor value, and transmits it to the ZigBee main control system. In this study, we implemented a system that can reduce the battery load damage to the maximum by reducing the power consumption to the maximum, and to monitor the internal state of the vehicle through ZigBee communication with the embedded system for low power vehicles.

• Journal of the Korean Applied Science and Technology
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• v.34 no.4
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• pp.866-873
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• 2017

Exhaust regulations of automobile are being reinforced increasingly as environmental problems issues came to the fore by industrial development. However, it is known that the exhaust emission is not only influenced by the system of automobile but also the fuel properties. In particular, high-performance engines have required high-performance fuels with high lubricity as CRDI engines(diesel engine) have been developed and commercialized. This paper have examined that the fuel property variations affect a major parts and an exhaust gas of automobile. It was confirmed that the high pressure pump, the injector and the DPF(diesel particulate filter) were damaged and fuel efficiency was get worse due to use the fuel of lacking lubricity property($651{\mu}m$/quality standard: less in $400{\mu}m$). In addition, through an iron component was detected in the broken DPF, it was estimated that the breakage of the DPF was caused by the excessive exhaust of the particulate matter due to the iron component of the fuel.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.17 no.9
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• pp.133-140
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• 2016

The Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport has introduced low-floor buses, which are convenient for passengers getting on and off the bus and for the handicapped. The standard bus model is 11 m long and uses compressed natural gas (CNG). However, this model has drawbacks in narrow rural road conditions such as those in farming and fishing villages and mountainous areas, as well as difficulty in refueling since CNG facilities are not readily available. In this study, running resistance values were obtained by coasting performance tests on actual roads using a Tata Daewoo LF-40 model with three different weight conditions: curb vehicle weight (CVW), half vehicle weight (HVW), and gross vehicle weight (GVW).The test methods include WHVC, NIER-06, and constant-speed driving at 60 km/h. These tests were used to measure the fuel economy of vehicles other than the target vehicles to obtain the combined fuel economy. The energy efficiency was highest in the case of CVW. In the WHVC mode, the fuel consumption rates of HVW and GVW were typically 3.5% and 12% higher than that of CVW, respectively. In constant-speed driving, the fuel efficiency of HVW was higher than that of CVW. Further research is required to analyze the exhaust gas data.

• Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.3127-3134
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• 2013

This paper presents the verified results from the examination of the control algorithm, logic composition, and vehicle condition of the engine that has been adapted for DME fuel. It introduces the development process of the control structure and the logic control based on control map and auto-code generation, and finally verifies the reliability and performance of the overall control. The control structure largely consists of the injection control part that implements driver demand into an engine net torque and the air control system part that satisfies characteristics of exhaust gas and power performance. The control logic is designed with feedforward and feedback control for each of its control functions for an enhanced response. Moreover, the control map of the feedforward controller is created by the use of an engine model created by test data of mass product diesel engine, and it was subsequently calibrated in the test process of the engine and vehicle state. A test mode was completed by attaching the developed controller to the vehicle, and a reduction in gas emission is confirmed by the calibration of EGR, VGT, and injection times.

• Journal of Korean Society for Atmospheric Environment
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.649-655
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• 2005

Automotive exhaust is suspected to be one of the main reasons of the rapid increase in greenhouse effect gases in ambient air. Although methane emissions are generally orders of magnitude lower than emissions of $CO_{2}$, the global warming potential (GWP) of methane is greater than that of $CO_{2}$. The environmental impact of methane emissions from vehicles is negligible and is likely to remain so for the foreseeable future. In this study, in order to investigate greenhouse gas emission characteristics from gasoline passenger cars, 20 vehicles were tested on the chassis dynamometer and methane emissions were measured. The emission characteristics by model year, mileage, vehicle speed were discussed. Test mode is CVS-15 mode that have been used to regulate for light-duty vehicle in Korea. It was found that $CH_{4}$ emissions showed higher for cold start, old model year and long mileage than hot start, new model year and short mileage, respectively. These results were compared with IPCC emission factors and the overall our results were anticipated to contribute for domestic greenhouse gas emissions calculation.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.2
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• pp.26-31
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• 2017

The purpose of this paper is to study for turbocharger system in a vehicle of diesel engine. The first example, it certified the fact that a car engine is not to accelerate by clogged the exhaust tube as the turbine was damaged because of turbine wheel broken. The a vehicle with turbocharger must to stop engine operation after maintaining the appropriate idle revolution as it can be the sticking phenomenon if the operator immediately stop the engine being high revolution. The second example, it knew the phenomenon of acceleration faulty that the rod of VGT actuator that operating the turbocharger adhered with the bracket of VGT. The third example, it confirmed the power insufficiency phenomenon when driving by of alternator resistor and fan intercooler fan relay connector mistaken assembly. Therefore, the operator have to scrutinize manage no the failure of turbocharger system.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Gas
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• v.21 no.6
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• pp.1-7
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• 2017

This study is aimed to investigate the US code and European code on the evaluation of fuel economy of natural gas vehicles and deduce the formula suitable for domestic natural gas fuel. The fuel consumption formula have been derived by carbon balance relation between fuel composition and exhaust emission. The US code does not limit the composition of the test gas, but European code should be used the reference gases such as G20 and G23. In the case of NGV using domestic city gas, it is confirmed that the fuel economy determined by European code is 12% worse than that of US code because of difference of test gas. Also, a method of determining the fuel properties from the calorific value is proposed to evaluate the fuel economy of natural gas vehicles.

• Journal of Hydrogen and New Energy
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• v.28 no.1
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• pp.56-62
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• 2017

Although most electricity production contributes to air pollution, the vehicle organizations and environmental agency categorizes all EVs as zero-emission vehicles because they produce no direct exhaust or emissions. Currently available EVs have a shorter range per charge than most conventional vehicles have per tank of gas. EVs manufacturers typically target a range of 160 km over on a fully charged battery. The energy efficiency and driving range of EVs varies substantially based on driving conditions and driving habits. Extreme outside temperatures tend to reduce range, because more energy must be used to heat or cool the cabin. High driving speeds reduce range because of the energy required to overcome increased drag. Compared with gradual acceleration, rapid acceleration reduces range. Additional devices significant inclines also reduces range. Based on these driving modes and climate conditions, this paper discusses the performance characteristics of EVs on energy efficiency and driving range. Test vehicles were divided by low / high-speed EVs. The difference of test vehicles are on the vehicle speed and size. Low-speed EVs is a denomination for battery EVs that are legally limited to roads with posted speed limits as high as 72 km/h depending on the particular laws, usually are built to have a top speed of 60 km/h, and have a maximum loaded weight of 1,400 kg. Each vehicle test was performed according to the driving modes and test temperature ($-25^{\circ}C{\sim}35^{\circ}C$). It has a great influence on fuel efficiency amd driving distance according to test temperature conditions.

• Transactions of the Korean Society of Automotive Engineers
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.410-419
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• 2015

In this study, the roadability, fuel economy and emission characteristics were evaluated for a natural gas converted vehicle. The results are as follows; Not only the shortage of power was observed in stall test, but also large deterioration of acceleration performance was exposed in roadability. Compared to the original LPG system, the acceleration is 76% in start acceleration and 45 ~ 65% in overtaking acceleration, especially the decline became larger when air conditioner is at work. Furthermore, because the mapping data, which controls the injection depending on driving condition, do not match up with injection system, the failure of air-fuel ratio feedback control occurs resulting from the large gap between the required and the really supplied amount of fuel. This failure cause the exhaust gas to emit without catalytic conversion and the fuel economy based on the fuel heat value to get worse 22% in the mode test and 16% in road test respectively. In addition, the existing injection system does not secure enough fuel at the starting so that it may lead to the fail of clod start, the deterioration of hot start and inharmonic of engine at the idle after start.

• Journal of Environmental Science International
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• v.14 no.6
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• pp.543-553
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• 2005

In recent days, photochemical smog due to the rapid industry development and vehicle increasement has become a critical pollutant in the metropolitan area and the number of ozone alarm signal has increased every year. This research was performed to evaluate VOCs emission source characteristics and concentration of VOCs in Daegu. The site average concentration was observed in the following order: industrial area > commercial area > residential area. Most of the VOCs species except toluene showed variations with higher concentration during nighttime, and lower concentration during the daytime. The major VOCs of stationary emission source were BTEX(benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene. xylene) and methylene chloride, trichloroethene and styrene. Also, those of automobile exhaust were toluene and benzene. Also, the major VOCs concentration emited by the vehicle fuel was observed in the following order: gasoline > light oil > liquefied petroleum gas (L.P.G). Correlation coefficients values were estimated between major VOCs such as toluene, ethylbenzene, m,p-xylene, o-xylene. Results showed that correlation coefficient values were significant magnitude above 0.76. Also, there showed highly significant correlations among ethyl benzene, m,p-xylene, and o-xylene concentration(Pearson correlation coefficients, r=0.868-0.982). Calculated correlation coefficients among commercial area,industrial area and residential area were 0.934-0.981, they showed high correlation. There showed highly correlation between stationary emission source and industrial area, compared with commercial area and residential area. Also, calculated correlation coefficients among commercial area, industrial area, residential area and automobile exhaust were 0.732, 0.725, 0.777, respectively.