• Title/Summary/Keyword: Vehicle Capacity

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Study on Design Vehicle Loads of South and North Korean Highway Bridges (남북한 도로교 설계트럭하중 분석)

  • Han, Eui Seok;Lee, In Keun;Park, Sun Kyu
    • International Journal of Highway Engineering
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    • v.15 no.1
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    • pp.37-45
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    • 2013
  • PURPOSES: This study is to analyze different vehicle load effects for a bridge design of South and North Korea in order to prepare a common design specification and to secure the safety of transportation when the highway bridges of South and North Korea use together. METHODS: Based on the literature review, this study considers vehicle load effects by comparing different characteristics of the standard vehicle and other differences of the bridge design specification between South and North Korea. And structural modeling of three-span continuous PSC Beam Bridge are analyzed and the bridge capacity according different vehicle loads of South and North Korea is evaluated. RESULTS: The result of this study indicates that the bridge capacity and the design vehicle weight of North Korea are smaller than the bridge capacity and the design vehicle weight of South Korea. Also this study demonstrates that the design vehicle array and other characteristics of North Korea are very different than the design vehicle array and other characteristics of South Korea. CONCLUSIONS: It is expected that the outcomes of this study can be useful in the set-up of South-North Bridge Specification because similar previous studies are rarely found.

A Tabu Search Algorithm for the Vehicle Routing Problem with Time Window and Dock Capacity Constraints (시간제약과 하역장 용량제약이 있는 차량경로문제에 대한 타부탐색 알고리즘)

  • Zang Heejeong;Lee Kyungsik;Choi Eunjeung;Park Sungsoo
    • Journal of the Korean Operations Research and Management Science Society
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    • v.30 no.4
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    • pp.45-60
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    • 2005
  • We consider a vehicle routing problem with time window and dock capacity constraints (VRPTD). In most traditional models of vehicle routing problems with time window (VRPTW), each customer must be assigned to only one vehicle route. However demand of a customer may exceed the capacity of one vehicle, hence at least two vehicles may need to visit the customer We assume that each customer has Its own dock capacity. Hence, the customer can be served by only a limited number of vehicles simultaneously. Given a depot, customers, their demands, their time windows and dock capacities, VRPTD is to get a set of feasible routes which pass the depot and some customers such that all demands of each customer are satisfied Since VRPTD is NP-hard, a meta-heuristic algorithm is developed. The algorithm consists of two Procedures : the route construction procedure and the route scheduling procedure. We tested the algorithm on a number of instances and computational results are reported.

Fundamental Study on System Design as Load Character of the capacity Small Fuel Cell Vehicle (소형연료전지 자동차의 부하특성에 따른 시스템 설계에 관한 기초연구)

  • Kim H. G.;Kang Y W.;Kim Y. S.
    • Transactions of the Korean Society of Machine Tool Engineers
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    • v.13 no.5
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    • pp.75-80
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    • 2004
  • Feasibility of the small capacity fuel cell powered vehicle is carried out for system design with loading characteristics. The major design concepts which include battery, driving motor, and fuel cell module are analyzed and discussed for the future development. A load characteristics program is developed in order to calculate the traction power of fuel cell vehicle according to the driving courses specified. Further, the small capacity fuel cell vehicle is analyzed to determine the capacity of stack as a function of the velocity for an appropriate power required.

Determining the Proper Capacity of Electric Vehicle Charging Station (전기자동차 충전소의 적정 용량 결정)

  • Hong, Jun-Hee;Choi, Jung-In;Lee, Jong-Hyun;Nam, Young-Woo
    • The Transactions of The Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers
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    • v.58 no.10
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    • pp.1911-1915
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    • 2009
  • The problem of determining the proper capacity of electric vehicle charging station is studied in the presented paper. Based on the expected arrival rate and the expected charging time, we calculate the proper capacity that guarantees electric vehicles get service better than a given lower bound which is termed the loss of charging probability. The problem is studied by using certain queueing models. We first formulate the problem as a queueless model of type M/M/n/n, known as the Erlang loss system. And then the M/M/n/K type queueing model is formulated to consider the parking space constraint. Results of the study may be used for designing the electric vehicle charging station.

An Adaptive Vehicle Platoon Formation Mechanism for Road Capacity Improvement (도로 용량 증대를 위한 적응적 차량 플라툰 형성 기법)

  • Su, Dongliang;Ahn, Sanghyun
    • KIPS Transactions on Computer and Communication Systems
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    • v.5 no.10
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    • pp.327-330
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    • 2016
  • In the road environment with lots of vehicles, we can increase the number of vehicles on the road (i.e., road capacity) and enhance the comfortability of drivers if vehicles are organized into platoons. In the traditional vehicle platooning mechanisms, a pre-determined set of vehicles are allowed to form a platoon and, among them, a specific vehicle is designated as the platoon leader. In this type of platoon mechanisms, platoon is limited in improving the road capacity because the vehicles allowed to involve into platooning are restricted. Therefore, in this paper, we propose an adaptive platoon formation mechanism that allows any vehicle to be a platoon leader from which a platoon is formed. In the proposed mechanism, a platoon leader is elected based on the relative velocity and location information of neighboring vehicles obtained through the periodic exchange of beacon messages among vehicles. Through the NS-3 based simulations, we show the performance of our proposed mechanism in terms of road capacity improvement.

Electric vehicle battery remaining capacity analysis method using cell-to-cell voltage deviation (셀간 전압 편차를 활용한 전기자동차 배터리 잔존용량 분석 기법)

  • Gab-Seong Cho;Dae-Sik Ko
    • Journal of Platform Technology
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    • v.11 no.2
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    • pp.54-65
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    • 2023
  • Due to the nature of electric vehicles, the batteries used for electric vehicles have a very large rated capacity. If an electric vehicle runs for a long time or an electric vehicle is abandoned due to a traffic accident, the electric vehicle battery becomes a waste battery. Even in vehicles that are being abandoned, the remaining capacity of waste batteries for electric vehicles is sufficient for other purposes. Waste batteries for automobiles are very expensive, so they need to be recycled and reused, but there was a problem that the standards for measuring the performance grade of waste batteries for recycling and reuse were insufficient. As a method for measuring the remaining capacity of waste battery, the most stable and reliable method is to measure the remaining capacity of battery using full charge and discharge. However, the inspection method by the full charging and discharging method varies depending on the capacity of the battery, but it takes more than a day to inspect, and many people are making great efforts to solve this problem. In this paper, an electric vehicle battery residual capacity analysis technique using voltage deviation between cells was studied and analyzed as a method to reduce inspection time for electric vehicle batteries. To this end, a full charging and discharging-based capacity measurement system was constructed, experimental data were collected using a nose or waste battery, and the correlation between the voltage deviation and the remaining capacity of the battery pack was analyzed to verify whether it can be used for battery inspection.

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Vehicle Platooning Remote Control via State Estimation in a Communication Network (통신 네트워크에서 상태 추정에 의한 군집병합의 원격제어)

  • 황태현;최재원;김영호
    • 제어로봇시스템학회:학술대회논문집
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    • 2000.10a
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    • pp.192-192
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    • 2000
  • In this paper, a platoon merging is considered as a remote-controlled system with the state represented by a stochastic process. In this system, it becomes to encounter situations where a single decision maker controls a large number of subsystems, and observation and control signals are sent over a communication channel with finite capacity and significant transmission delays. Unlike classical estimation problem in which the observation is a continuous process corrupted by additive noise, there is a constraint that the observation must be coded and transmitted over a digital communication channel with finite capaci쇼. A recursive coder-estimator sequence is a state estimation scheme based on observations transmitted with finite communication capacity constraint. Using the coder-estimator sequence, the remote control station designs a feedback controller. In this paper, we introduce a stochastic model for the lead vehicle in a platoon of vehicles considering the angle between a road surface and a horizontal plane as a stochastic process. The simulation results show that the inter-vehicle distance and the deviation from the desired inter-vehicle distance are well regulated.

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A Study on Distributed Message Allocation Method of CAN System with Dual Communication Channels (중복 통신 채널을 가진 CAN 시스템에서 분산 메시지 할당 방법에 관한 연구)

  • Kim, Man-Ho;Lee, Jong-Gap;Lee, Suk;Lee, Kyung-Chang
    • Journal of Institute of Control, Robotics and Systems
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    • v.16 no.10
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    • pp.1018-1023
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    • 2010
  • The CAN (Controller Area Network) system is the most dominant protocol for in-vehicle networking system because it provides bounded transmission delay among ECUs (Electronic Control Units) at data rates between 125Kbps and 1Mbps. And, many automotive companies have chosen the CAN protocol for their in-vehicle networking system such as chassis network system because of its excellent communication characteristics. However, the increasing number of ECUs and the need for more intelligent functions such as ADASs (Advanced Driver Assistance Systems) or IVISs (In-Vehicle Information Systems) require a network with more network capacity and the real-time QoS (Quality-of-Service). As one approach to enhancing the network capacity of a CAN system, this paper introduces a CAN system with dual communication channel. And, this paper presents a distributed message allocation method that allocates messages to the more appropriate channel using forecast traffic of each channel. Finally, an experimental testbed using commercial off-the-shelf microcontrollers with two CAN protocol controllers was used to demonstrate the feasibility of the CAN system with dual communication channel using the distributed message allocation method.

A Study on Riding Capacity of Railway Vehicles for Military Passengers (철도 객차별 군 인원 탑승능력 판단 연구)

  • Oh, Sukmun
    • Journal of the Korea Institute of Military Science and Technology
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    • v.20 no.1
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    • pp.129-136
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    • 2017
  • This paper aims to establish a guideline for ridership capacity of different rail vehicles for military passengers. Previous guideline is limited only to a Mungungwha(hauled by diesel locomotive) vehicle, but this paper expands the limitation to ITX- Saemaeul and urban rail vehicles classified to Electric Motivated Unit(EMU). The guideline considers both with and without personal armor conditions, and based on repetitive ridership experiments. The experiments are designed under considerations of the required number of soldiers for the sample spaces of the different rail vehicles. Moreover, the design tries to establish a concept of optimal capacity additionally to a traditional limiting ridership capacity. In order to do this, ridership comfort is questioned to participant soldiers repetitively over the experiments and all answers of them are surveyed as a results of it. The results of the experiments presented by this paper can be referenced to establish a new guideline on ridership capacity for Korean army.

An Approach for Bridge Construction Cost Allocation Considering Traffic Load and Traffic Capacity (교통량과 교통하중을 고려한 교량건설비용의 할당)

  • Lee, Dong-Ju;Hwang, In-Keuk
    • IE interfaces
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    • v.17 no.2
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    • pp.142-148
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    • 2004
  • The objective of bridge construction cost allocation is to distribute in a fair and rational manner the bridge construction costs among those vehicles using the bridge. In most bridge construction cost allocation studies, bridge construction costs are mainly distributed according to traffic load(gross vehicle weight), without any consideration of bridge capacity requirements(the number of lanes). In this paper, a bridge cost allocation method for considering both traffic capacity and traffic loads is developed. The proposed method is based on cooperative game theory, particularly two concepts known as the Aumann-Shapley (A-S) value and Shapley value. This method can help to analyze the impact of traffic capacity costs. By applying the proposed method to an example, traffic capacity cost is found to be high so that traffic capacity should be considered to allocate the bridge construction costs to vehicle classes in a more equitable manner.