• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.16 no.1
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• pp.99-107
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• 2013

This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of soil covering depth and vegetation base materials on the competition between Pinus densiflora Siebold & Zucc. and Lespedeza cyrtobotrya Miq., which were grown in an abandoned coal mine land for three years after seeding, by comparing their growth and stem density. The study site was consisted of sub-plots with four different soil covering depths (0cm, 10cm, 20cm, and 30cm) and four different compounds of vegetation base materials (peat moss (control), soil conditioner+peat moss (S+P), erosion control material+peat moss (E+P), and soil conditioner+erosion control material+peat moss (S+E+P)). Results of this study showed opposite pattern between P. densiflora and L. cyrtobotrya with different soil covering depth and compounds of vegetation base materials in general. P. densiflora showed the highest growth and stem density in plots with 10cm and 0cm depths of soil covering, respectively, while the lowest was shown in plots with 20cm depth of soil covering. In contrast, L. cyrtobotrya showed the highest growth and stem density in plots with 20cm depth of soil covering, while the lowest was shown in plots with 0cm depth of soil covering. In case of vegetation base materials, P. densiflora showed the highest growth and stem density in control plots and plots treated with S+P, respectively, while the lowest was shown in plots with S+E+P treatment. On the other hand, L. cyrtobotrya showed the highest growth and stem density in plots treated with S+E+P, while the lowest was shown in control plots. These results suggested the competition between two plants as a major cause of opposite patterns, which is induced by the suppressed growth and stem density of P. densiflora by fast growing L. cyrtobotrya. Despite the suppression of L. cyrtobotrya on P. densiflora, L. cyrtobotrya can play a positive role in improving soil quality, and thus it would be more desirable for restoring abandoned coal mine land to manage the growth of L. cyrtobotrya periodically, rather than eliminate them.

• Korean Journal of Ecology and Environment
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• v.50 no.1
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• pp.70-78
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• 2017

The Hwasan wetland vegetation is observed at mountain basin (644~780 m a.s.l.) where had become a potential land for indigenous people since prehistoric period. We phytosociologically investigated old-growth alder (Alnus japonica) forests using the $Z\ddot{u}rich$-Montpellier School's method and analyzed their spatial distribution pattern by actual vegetation map. Species performance was determined by using coverage and r-NCD. Viburnum opulus var. calvescens-Alnus japonica community syntaxonomically belonging to the Alnetea japonicae was first described and composed of three subunits: Salix koreensis subcommunity, typical subcommunity, and Pyrus ussuriensis subcommunity. Present plant community was compared with vicariant syntaxa such as Molinia japonica-Alnus japonica community, Rhamno nipponicae-Alnetum japonicae, and Aceri-Salicetum koreensis. Hwasan's alder forest, an alluvial terrace vegetation type on valley fan in the montane zone, is evaluated as vegetation class [I], which is a sort of benchmark plant community potentially on mountain wetlands in southeastern part of the Korean Peninsula. Simultaneously we suggested an establishment of the national strategy for habitat conservation free from hydrologically radical transform due to military utilization.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.6 no.2
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• pp.57-70
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• 2003

The study was conducted to present the criteria of plant selection and planting design pattern suitable for the vegetation blocks which are becoming more popular for the facade greenery in urban areas. The main results are summarized as follows. 1. Under irrigated conditions, the plant grew better than that of unirrigated conditions and herbs grew better than shrubs. In selection of shrubs, it would be more proper to consider the size and depth of the pockets. 2. Under unirrigated conditions, Sedum middendorffianum and foreign sedums grew well, so it can be concluded that sedums can grow at low management condition. And, Hosta longipes and Aceriphyllum rossii could be survive at low management conditions only if irrigation was conducted at dry season. But, shrubs needed irrigation management for survival at vegetation blocks. 3. The results of this study, it can be concluded that greenery of walls and retaining walls might be effective for the creation of green space, improvement of urban landscapes, and the creation of diverse biotopes in urban areas with vegetation blocks.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Environmental Restoration Technology
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• v.2 no.1
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• pp.58-65
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• 1999

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of rehabilitation measures on the fired woodland of Chesuk-bong in Mt. Chiri through the vegetation structure and comparison of growth pattern between natural seedlings and transplanted Abies koreana seedlings. It was also discussed the rate of standing and fallen trees of dead conifers in the management strategy for vegetation regeneration and protection of sub-alpine area. In this fired woodland, shrub layers consisting of Weigela subsessilis, Sambucus williamsii var. coreana, Rhododendron schlippenbachii, R. mucronulatum, Tripterygium regelii, and etc. were gradually expanded, and tree species such as Betula ermani, Sorbus commixta, Acer pseudosieboldianum, and Malus baccata var. mandshurica were also regenerated. The growth of height and crown width of Abies koreana seedlings transplanted for vegetation regeneration were a little lower than those of natural seedlings. The seedlings of A. koreana transplanted in this fired woodland grew about 50.6% normally, but the others had multi-branched or growth stopped by death of terminal shoot. Because the number of dead conifers by fire tend to be gradually increased as time passed, it can occurs to the soil erosion and landslide by weakness of the cohesion and resistance of soil. Therefore, it is consider that rehabilitation measures projects of the fired woodland in subalpine area may be more prevention a natural disaster like soil erosion, flood and landslide.

• Journal of Korea Water Resources Association
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• v.54 no.9
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• pp.705-718
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• 2021

Climate change has a significant impact on vegetation growth and terrestrial ecosystems. In this study, the possibility of ecological drought was investigated using satellite remote sensing data. First, the Vegetation Health Index was estimated from the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index and Land Surface Temperature provided by MODIS. Then, a joint probability model was constructed to estimate the possibility of vegetation-related drought in various precipitation/evaporation scenarios in forest areas around 60 major ASOS sites of the Meteorological Administration located throughout Korea. The results of this study show the risk pattern of drought related to forest vegetation under conditions of low atmospheric moisture supply or high atmospheric moisture demand. It also identifies the sensitivity of drought risks associated with forest vegetation under various meterological drought conditions. These findings provide insights for decision makers to assess drought risk and develop drought mitigation strategies related to forest vegetation in a warming era.

• Korean Journal of Environment and Ecology
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• v.23 no.4
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• pp.346-352
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• 2009

This study was conducted in order to provide as a basic materials of sea cliff vegetation structure through distribution related with the landform and growth pattern of mixed growth plants by ordination method in the Peucedanum japonicum community of Korea. The mixed growth plants of frequency over 10% growth with Peucedanum japonicum community of sea cliff was investigated as a total 26 species, and the frequency of appearing plants was the highest in the Aster spathulifolius(55.7%). Growing pattern of mixed growth plants was a difference by the landform factors as such the inland side, coastline side, flat and slope. Growing pattern was classified into typicality type, one-sided type and complex type. Growing pattern of the typicality type was good distribution in total landform factors, the one-sided type was good distribution in 1 landform factor and the complex type was good distribution in 2 landform factors. In growing pattern of mixed growth plants with Peucedanum japonicum, Artemisia capillaris and Sedum oryzifolium was typicality type, Elymus dahuricus and Artemisia princeps was one-sided type, and Aster spathulifolius, Miscanthus sinensis, Calystegia soldanella and Lysimachia mauritiana was complex type. In total plants of mixed growth, growing pattern of 16 species of 61.5% was good as complex type.

• Journal of Korean Society of Forest Science
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• v.90 no.6
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• pp.673-682
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• 2001

The objective of this study was to monitor vegetation development process after timber harvesting at (Mt.) Baekwoonsan Seoul National University Forests, Korea. Two monitoring plots were established in 1994 and woody plant were monitored from 1994 to 1999. Vegetation development pattern during last six years(1994-1999) after timber harvesting were as follows; Styrax obassia, Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of the existing tree were competitive species in the first year after clearcut, and Styrax japonica and Lindera erythrocarpa as of sprout tree) and Aralia elata as of seedling were dominant species in the sixth years after clearcut. Species diversity indices of harvested forest interior was decreased at the southwestern slope and increased at the northeastern slope. According to DBH distribution pattern, No. of individuals of Lindera erythrocarpa and Aralia elata showed vigorous growth in the sub-canopy layer and then Styrax japonica, Quercus serrata, Maackia amurensis, Lespedeza maximowixzii, Lindera obtusiloba, Staphylea bumalda, Clero-dendrum trichotomum, Weigela subsessilis, in order showed good growth in the sixth year after clearcut. Lindera erythrocarpa with a reversed J-shaped curve pattern by DBH class will be increased while Aralia elata with a J-shaped curve pattern will be decreased.

• Korean Journal of Medicinal Crop Science
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• v.17 no.2
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• pp.139-144
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• 2009

This study was conducted to evaluate the vegetation, distribution and growth pattern of Glehnia littoralis community by the DCA ordination method in eastern coast of Korea. The number of plant species growth with G. littoralis in natural habitat was found 51 taxa, and species of high frequency among 51 taxa was Ixeris repens, Calystegia soldanella, Carex kobomugi, Elymus mollis, Lathyrus japonica and Zoysia macrostachya. Indicator species of Z. macrostachya, Linaria japonica, C. soldanella, I. repens, Carex pumila, Artemisia capillaris, Oenothera biennis, L. japonica and E. mollis in G. littoralis community was differential species of syntaxonomy. C. kobomugi, Z. macrostachya, E. mollis, Cynodon dactylon and L. japonica was the distribution in dryness sand and moisture sandyloam, I. repens, C. soldanella, L. japonica and C. pumila was the distribution in dryness sand. In coastal dune, I. repens, C. soldanella, Salsola komarovi and G. littoralis combined strength of the distribution, and sand of coast was typical of the habitat.

• Journal of the Korean Institute of Landscape Architecture
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.62-76
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• 2001

This study is to offer the basic information and materials for the restoration of the urban forest and the ecologically healthy and continuous green belt through the investigation and the analysis on the vegetation in Hwasan Park, Chonju-City. The flora of Hwasan Neighborhood park was composed of 86 families 230 genera, 261 species, 35 varieties, 1 formae or 298 Taxa. Among them, calculation of Pte-Q Index represented 0.60, Fisher's Index. Some characteristics of the plants in this area have represented such as Th-D1-R5 type in biological type, erect form(64.6%) in growth type, 30 taxa in naturalized plants. The life form spectra investigated from Hwasan neighborhood park was recognized as the following M"17.4%, N:11.4%, E:0.3%, Ch:0%, H:29.8%, G:6.7%, HH:0%, Th:34.2%. By the Z-M method 5 plant communities and 3 afforestation were recognized; Quercus variabilis community, Q.acutissima community, Q.serrata community, Sorbus alnifolia community, Pinus densiflora community, P.rigida afforestation, Robinia pseudo-acacia afforestation and Larix leptolepis afforestation. The actual vegetation map constructed on the grounds of the communities classified and other data. The pattern of successional trend of tree species might be suggested: L. leptoleipis, P. rigida and P. densifloralongrightarrowQ.variabilis and Q.acutissimalongrightarrowS.alnifolia and Q.serratalongrightarrowCarpinus tschonoskii community. Three measurements of species diversity (richness index(SR), Shannon-Wiener index(H'), evenness index(J')) and their relationship with community type were studied in the surveyed plant communities. Q.serrata community was higher in SR, H', J' than the other communities, whereas R.pseduo-acacia afforestation was low. Finally, The vegetation of the Hwasan neighborhood park must not allowed any more. Nothing ca be better than native states in preserving the ecosystems.tems.

• Korean Journal of Remote Sensing
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• v.33 no.6_1
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• pp.993-1001
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• 2017

Drought is a worldwide natural disaster with extensively adverse impacts on natural ecosystems, agricultural products, social communities and regional economy. Various global satellite observations, including SMAP soil moisture, GRACE terrestrial water storage, Terra and Aqua vegetation productivity, evapotranspiration, and satellite precipitation measures are currently used to characterize seasonal timing and inter-annual variations of regional water supply pattern, vegetation growth, drought events, and its associated influence ecosystems and human society. We suggest the satellite monitoring system development to quantify meteorological, eco-hydrological, and socio-ecological factors related to drought events, and characterize spatial and temporal drought patterns in Korea. The combination of these complementary remote sensing observations(visible to microwave bands) provide an effective means for evaluating regional variations in the timing, frequency, and duration of drought, and availability of water supply influencing vegetation and crop growth. This integrated drought monitoring could help national capacity to deal with natural disasters.