• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.24 no.6
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• pp.631-640
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• 2009

This study aim to identify preference of main and side dishes of 681 children who lived in Seoul and Gyoung-gi (Incheon) in 2007. To accomplish this, we divided the children into three age groups, an infancy group (below 6 years of age), a middle years group (between 7 and 12 years of age) and a juvenile group (above 12 years of age). Specifically, 145 children were in the infancy group (boys 68, girls 77), 300 children were in middle years group (boys 138, girls 162) and 236 children were in juveniles group (boys 131, girls 105). The average body mass index (BMI) of the parents of the respondents appeared to be normal, and the majority of the parents had bachelor degrees. Across all age groups, most fathers were office workers and most mothers were housewives. The preference for staple foods showed that the infancy group and the middle years group preferred rice the most, while the juvenile group preferred stir-fried rice the most out of 5 grain items. Evaluation of the preference for different types of noodles showed that both boys and girls from the infancy group preferred jajangmyun, while those in the middle years group and the juvenile group preferred spaghetti. For breads, both boys and girls from the infancy group had the highest preference for cake, while boys and girls in the middle years group and boys in the juvenile group preferred pizza the most, and girls from juvenile group preferred cake the most. Evaluation of the preference for soups and pot stew revealed that both boys and girls in the infancy group preferred seaweed soup, while boys from middle years group preferred seol-long-tang and girls from middle years group preferred seaweed soup. Boys and girls from the juvenile group preferred seol-long-tang the most. For hard-boiled foods and stir-fried foods, members of all age groups preferred beef boiled in soy sauce the most and hard-boiled peppers the least. Finally, comparison of the preference for roasted foods, seasoned vegetables and kimchi revealed that the infancy group preferred roasted seaweed the most and that both the middle years and juvenile group had the greatest preference for roasted galbi.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Food Culture
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• v.22 no.6
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• pp.690-695
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• 2007

This research aimed to Kimchi to be well known in the World, which to be international food on the each nation and each people, each religion cultural area, with having done Kimchi adaptation plan for localization. Among the plan, Kimchi utilization ways with the localization strategy in Turkish dietary life were investigated to the Kimchi preference, improvement points on Turkish view, for the Turkey person it would be able to apply in Turkish food culture, and the results are as follows. 1. According to sex of Chinese cabbage Kimchi preference, men ($M=3.75\;{\pm}\;0.89$) appeared higher than women ($M=3.62\;{\pm}\;0.88$). Color or appearance preference after Chinese cabbage Kimchi taste was investigated in order that red > burnish felt > transparent > yellow, and the smell preference which was hot($M=4.64\;{\pm}\;1.37$) appeared highest. A hot taste felt most intensely, and it was investigated in order that aftertaste> salty taste > sourness > off flavor taste > fermented fish source taste > sweetness> carbonic acid by the followings. For the feeling of texture of Kimchi, the crunch was higher than durable tough(it was visible the consider difference of the sex 2. That the Korean Kimchi hit to a palatable taste, against 109 people (72.2%) answered suitable appetite to this taste, and the reason which was in order of that hot tasty > appearance > chewing texture > red > fermented flavor was investigated. Did not hit to a taste 42 people (27.8%) answer back, with the reason that was investigated in order of hot tasty > appearance > red > fermented flavor > chewing texture. The hot tasty of Kimchi was commonly presented that hit and did not hit to appetite taste against people. 3. Among the Turkish food, similar foods for Kimchi were answered in order of Lahana Tursu (44.2 %) > Kapuska (25.9 %) > Lahana Prasa (11.1%), and similar food category were that Chinese cabbage or various vegetables to be pickling food and to be dressing salad with salt and vinegar. The accompanied or garnished Turkich food category for Kimchi were answered in order of cooking meat (34.1%)> steamed cooking rice (22.7%)> cooking fish (17.0%)> cooking soybean (14.2%). This result was same tendency with steamed cooking rice accompaniment for Kimchi in Korea and Turkey, and could be applied a new main menu like meat cooking and fish cooking dish which matched and accompanied with Kimchi.

• Journal of Korea Entertainment Industry Association
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• v.13 no.5
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• pp.127-138
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• 2019

This study was a secondary data analysis using statistics from the 13th (2017) Korea Youth Risk Behavior Web-based Survey (KYRBS) to investigate the relationship between health behaviors and physical activity among Korean adolescents. A total of 62,276 adolescents in middle and high schools enrolled in this study. Physical activity utilized moderate and vigorous physical activity variables. Health behaviors used smoking, drinking, eating, sedentary behavior, and sleep duration variables. Statistical analyses were performed applying complex sample analysis method. Chi-square tests were used to compare physical activity according to health behaviors. Multivariate multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted to examine the relationship between health behaviors and physical activity, adjusted for general characteristics. Current smoking and current drinking were associated with high levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity. Consuming fruits≥1 times/day, vegetables≥3 times/day, and sweet drinks≥3 times/week were associated with high levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity. Eating breakfast≥5 times/week was associated with high levels of moderate physical activity, but not with vigorous physical activity. Sedentary behavior≥2 hour/day was associated with low levels of moderate and vigorous physical activity. Sleep duration<7 hour/day was associated with high levels of moderate physical activity and low levels of vigorous physical activity. These findings suggest that since there is an interrelationship between health behaviors and physical activity among adolescents, intervention programs aiming at promoting physical activity and healthy lifestyles should consider a multiple behavior approach rather than an individual behavior approach.

• Journal of the Korean Society of Floral Art and Design
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• no.37
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• pp.33-48
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• 2017

This study examines garden activity and garden plant preferences for development of the garden activity program using community garden aimed for communication and integration for multicultural age. As a result, for members of multicultural society had high portion of floral arrangement and crafts, growing plants in both indoors and outdoors garden for their garden activities, and using plants for cooking, growing plants in both indoors and outdoors garden was of higher portion for native korean. In the garden plant preferences, members of multicultural society liked ornamental plants the best, due to the environmental correspondence between the plant's place of origin and their home country, while native koreans tend to prefer vegetables, reflecting the recent interest in pro-environment crops and rise in demand of urban farming, veranda gardening and weekend farming. In this study, the garden activity program for communication and integration categorized the value of garden activity into three categories; the value of respect for life, the value of consideration through caring, the value of plant ethics, based on the above preference results. The value of respect for life can be achieved by understanding the meaning of life, experiencing the will to live, and understanding the characteristics of plants and me. The value of consideration of caring comes from waiting and nurturing for living things that are different from me and adapting to the environment as a living The value of plant ethics can give us the insights for human relationships, by understanding and experiencing the natural ecosystem and plant co-existing in it. The eight-session garden activity program also went through validity verification process by experts on gardening and multiculture, and the effectiveness of the program was proved.

• Korean Journal of Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
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• v.25 no.4
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• pp.276-283
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• 2023

Garlic (Allium sativum L.) is one of the most important vegetables used in various foods in Korea and many countries. The growth of garlic is influenced by various abiotic factors such as cultivation temperature, humidity, minimum temperature duration, and photoperiod. This study investigated the effects of increasing temperatures on the plant growth of the northern- ecotype garlic 'Uiseong' in a temperature gradient tunnel. As a result, temperature increase led to decreases in the bulb diameter, weight, and clove pieces of garlic. The rise of cultivation temperature increased the occurrence rate of incomplete bolting in the Northern-ecotype garlic 'Uiseong', resulting in decreases in productivity and a decrease in the yield of marketable garlic, indicating that temperature increases affect the development of garlic bulb formation. The findings of this study are expected to contribute as foundational data for understanding the growth responses of the northern-ecotype 'Uiseong' to increasing cultivation temperatures. The results of this study can be used to develop designing garlic growth models. In addition, the results of this study can improve understanding the interaction between increased temperature and garlic growth.

• Korean Journal of Community Nutrition
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• v.28 no.6
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• pp.509-522
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• 2023

Objectives: This study is intended to develop a curriculum for kindergarten food and nutrition education aimed at preschool children, reflecting government policy and meeting the demands of preschool settings. Methods: Existing educational materials were analyzed, and key elements of the 2019 Revised Nuri Curriculum ("Nuri Curriculum") and Guidelines for Nutrition and Food Education in Kindergartens, Elementary, Middle, and High Schools ("Guidelines") were examined as foundational information for developing the curriculum for food and nutrition education. Results: Basing ourselves on the five domains of the Nuri Curriculum, "Physical Activity and Health," "Communication," "Social Relationships," "Art Experience," and "Natural Science Inquiry," we integrated three areas from the Guidelines, namely "Dietary Habits and Health," "Dietary Habits and Safety," and "Dietary Habits and Culture," to structure the curriculum for kindergarten food and nutrition education. Three specific domains, "Nutrition and Health," "Food and Culture," and "Safe Dietary Practices," were tailored for preschool children, each comprising core concepts, content elements, and educational materials. In the "Nutrition and Health" domain, core concepts such as "nutrition" were addressed through content elements such as "balanced eating" and "vegetables and fruit," while "health" included elements such as "eating regularly" and "nutrients for disease prevention," each with two educational content components. The "Food and Culture" domain focused on "food" with content on "local foods (vegetable-garden experience)" and "food culture" with content on "our dining table (rice and side dishes)," "our agricultural products," "global cuisine (multiculture)," and "considerate dietary practices," each with four educational content components. The "Safe Dietary Practices" domain included core concepts such as "hygiene" with content on "hand-washing habits" and "food poisoning management," and "safety" with content on "food labeling." Conclusions: The systematized curriculum for kindergarten food and nutrition education aligns with the Nuri Curriculum and is interconnected with the Guidelines. This curriculum can be used as foundational material for developing educational resources tailored to the characteristics of preschoolers, contributing to effective implementation in early childhood education.

• Proceedings of the Plant Resources Society of Korea Conference
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• 2020.12a
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• pp.71-71
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• 2020

산채는 사람에 의하여 개량 육성되어 논밭에서 재배하고 있는 농작물과 달리 자연 그대로 산야에서 자생하는 식물 중 식용으로 가능한 것을 말한다. 산채류의 이용형태별 생산가능시기는 3~5월의 생채 생산과 6~7월의 건채 생산으로 소비자의 기호에 부합하는 신선 생채의 소비한계는 제한되어 있기 때문에 재배유형별 생채 수량검정을 통해 수확시기 연장 및 재배품목을 다양화 시킬 필요 있다. 따라서 본 시험은 재배가능한 산채류를 수집하고 기능성 분류를 통한 꾸러미 산채 조합을 구성하였고 조합된 산채류 들에 대한 생산성 검정을 위해 해발 500m의 전라북도 농업기술원 허브산채시험장에서 2018년 5월 말 갯기름나물 등 15 종을 정식하여 각 작물의 생육특성, 수확한계기 등을 조사하였다. 기능성 분류 결과 항당뇨, 항고지혈증, 항비만, 항혈전, 항염증 총 5가지 조합을 구성하였다. 산채류별 광합성특성 조사결과 돌단풍, 개미취, 섬쑥부쟁이, 질경이, 갯기름나물, 참취의 적정광량은 600~800 μmole/m²/s이였고 눈개승마, 어수리, 참당귀는 400~500 μmole/m²/s, 곤달비, 곰취, 단풍취는 200~300 μmole/m²/s이였다. 기능성 꾸러미 산채류 지상부 생육특성 결과 갯기름나물, 질경이, 참취, 곤달비 섬쑥부쟁이 등이 생육이 우수하였다. 수량성은 섬쑥부쟁이 1,694.6kg/10a로 가장 높았으며, 갯기름나물 1,673.4kg/10a, 참취 1,521.3kg/10a, 질경이 1,398.3kg/10a, 곤달비 1,300.6kg/10a 등이 높았다. 반면 돌단풍 111.8kg/10a, 단풍취 69.5kg/10a, 우산나물 25.4kg/10a로 아주 낮은 수량성을 보였다. 산채류 출현기는 산마늘이 2월 7일로 가장 빨랐으며 대부분 산채류들이 2월 11일에서 2월 25일에 출현하였고 단풍취, 우산나물이 3월 6일로 늦은 출현기를 보였다. 기능성 꾸러미 생채 수확가능 시기는 3월 상순부터 6월 하순까지 가능하였고 수확기간은 섬쑥부쟁이 117일, 두메부추 109일, 어수리 102일, 참당귀 102일로 길었고 돌단풍, 산마늘, 눈개승마, 우산나물은 생채 수확가능 시기가 짧았다. 건나물 수확기간은 돌단풍, 눈개승마는 3월부터 6월까지 가능하였고, 대부분의 산채류들이 5월부터 10월까지고 산마늘과 우산나물은 건나물을 생산할 수 없었다. 산채류 기능성 꾸러미별 생채 조합 가능 시기는 항당뇨는 3월 중하순, 항고지혈증은 3월 중순, 항비만은 3월 하순, 항혈전 3월 하순, 항염증은 3월 중하순으로 조사되었다.

• Korean Journal of Environmental Agriculture
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• v.42 no.4
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• pp.408-417
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• 2023

This study aimed to investigate the effects of an aquaponics system utilizing catfish recirculating water on the growth and water quality in lettuce and chicory cultivation. After 60 d of catfish cultivation in the BFT-AP, the survival rate was 96.0% and average weight gain was 178.5 g. The WGR grew by 241.4% and the SGR was 3.0%. A comparison between lettuce and chicory cultivation using BFT-AP and hydroponics revealed significant increases in shoot height, leaf count per week, and biomass of the cultivated lettuce and chicory. The SPAD values also increased significantly by 15.4-43.3%. Water quality analysis of the BFT-AP systems and crop cultivation beds showed significant differences, except for K and Na. The average NO₃^- concentration in the sediment pond was significantly higher at 45.3±1.0. Comparison of water temperature, pH, EC, DO, and ORP in the BFT-AP system and crop cultivation beds revealed similar monthly water temperatures from July to September. The pH in the catfish culture pond was 0.3-1.2 lower than that in the crop cultivation beds, and the EC was approximately 0.01- 0.03 dS/m lower in the catfish culture pond than the crop cultivation beds. The monthly average ORP in the catfish culture bed steadily increased to 479.9 mV in October. Bacillus velezensis (AFB2-2) and Chlorella fusca (CF) were applied to the biological activation bed; the population density of CF showed a continuous increase, whereas that of AFB2-2 decreased after 15 d and gradually increased thereafter. Thus, the application of the recirculating aquaponics cultivation technology with catfish (BFT) enhances catfish cultivation and promotes the growth of lettuce and chicory. Therefore, it is considered suitable for the environment-friendly cultivation of lettuce and chicory.

• Journal of Nutrition and Health
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• v.57 no.1
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• pp.88-104
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• 2024

Purpose: High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is primarily synthesized in the liver upon stimulation of infectious disease cytokines, such as interleukin-6 (IL-6), and is used as a biological marker of systemic inflammation. Previous studies reported that hs-CRP is closely related to diet and abdominal obesity. Furthermore, a dietary score favoring the consumption of vegetables, fruits, and whole grains over meat and saturated fat reduced inflammation and decreased the prevalence of obesity and abdominal obesity. Nevertheless, no studies have examined whether hs-CRP mediates the relationship between dietary scores and abdominal obesity, and research on the Korean Healthy Eating Index (KHEI) is lacking. Therefore, the present study examined the association between the KHEI and abdominal obesity and the mediating effect of hs-CRP. Methods: In total, 17,770 adults aged ≥19 years were included in the study using the Korea National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2015-2018. KHEI was developed to assess the overall diet quality of Korean adults. Multivariable linear and logistic regression analyses assessed the relationship between KHEI, hs-CRP, and abdominal obesity. The mediation analysis with the bootstrapping method was performed using SAS MACRO. Results: Among women, the odds ratio (OR) of abdominal obesity prevalence was lower in the highest KHEI compared to the lowest KHEI after adjusting for age, body mass index, educational level, income level, occupational status, marital status, household type, region type, alcohol consumption, smoking status, physical activity, total energy intake, and hsCRP (OR 0.744, 95% confidence interval 0.598-0.926). The association between KHEI and abdominal obesity was partially mediated via hs-CRP, and the mediated proportion was 68.7% in men and 38.1% in women. Conclusion: A substantial relationship was observed between the KHEI and abdominal obesity among females. Moreover, according to the KHEI, abdominal obesity may be mediated partially by hs-CRP.

• Journal of Preventive Medicine and Public Health
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• v.3 no.1
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• pp.1-16
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• 1970

The present status of control measures for public health important helminthic infections in Korea was surveyed in 1969 and the following results were obtained. The activities of parasitic examination and Ascaris treatment for the positives which were done during 1966 to 1969 were brought in poor result and could not decrease the infection rate. It is needed to improve or strengthen the activities. The mass treatment activities for paragonimiasis and clonorchiasis in the areas which were designated by the Ministry of Health were carried out during 1965 to 1968 with no good results in decrease of estimated number of the patients. There were too many pharmaceutical companies where many kinds of anthelmintics were produced. It may be better to reduce the number of anthelmintics produced and control the quality. The human feces, the most important source of helminthic infections, was generally not treated in sanitary ways because of the poor sewerage system and no sewage treatment plant in urban areas and insanitary latrines in rural areas. The field soils of 170 specimens were collected from 34 areas out of 55 urban and tourist areas where night soil has been prohibited by a regulation to be used as a fertilizer, and examined for parasites contamination with the result of Ascaris egg detection in 44%. Some kinds of vegetables of 64 specimens each from the supply agents of parasite free vegetables and general markets were collected and examined for parasites contamination with the results of Ascaris egg detection in 25% and 36% respectively. The parasite control activities and the ability of parasitological examination techniques in the health centers of the country were not satisfactory. The budget of the Ministry of Health for the parasite control was very poor. The actual expenditure needed for cellophane thick smear technique was 8 Won per a specimen. As a principle the control of helminthic infections might be led toward breaking the chain of events in the life cycle of the prasites and eliminating environmental and host factors concerned with the infections, and the following methods nay be pointed out. 1) Mass treatment might be done to eliminate human reservoirs of an infection. 2) Animal reservoirs which are related with human infections night be eliminated. 3) The excretes of reservoirs, particularly human feces, should be treated in sanitary ways by the means of sanitary sewerage system and sewage treatment plant in urban areas and sanitary latrines such as waterborne latrine, aqua privy and pit latrine in rural areas. The increase of national economical development and prohibition of the habit of using night soils as a fertilizer might be very important factors to achieve the purpose. 4) The control of vehicles and intermediate hosts might be done by the means of prohibition of soil contamination with parasites, food sanitation, insect control and snail control. 5) The improvement of insanitary attitudes and bad habits which are related with parasitic infections night be done by the means of prohibition of habit of using night soils as a fertilizer, and improving eating habits and personal hygiene. 6) Chemoprophylactic measure and vaccination may be effective to prevent the infections or the development of a parasite to adult in the bodies when the bodies were invaded by parasites. Further studies and development of this kind of measures are needed.