• Journal of the Institute of Electronics Engineers of Korea SP
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• v.40 no.1
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• pp.63-71
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• 2003

This paper describes a color image segmentation algorithm based on region merging using hue difference as a restrictive condition. The proposed algorithm using mathematical morphology and a modified watershed algorithm does over-segmentation in the RGB space to preserve contour information of regions. Then, the segmentation result of color image is acquired by repeated region merging using hue differences as a restrictive condition. This stems from human visual system based on hue, saturation, and intensity. Hue difference between two regions is used as a restrictive condition for region merging because it becomes more important factor than color difference if intensity is not low. Simulation results show that the proposed color image segmentation algorithm provides efficient segmentation results with the predefined number of regions for various color images.

• Journal of Fashion Business
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• v.9 no.5
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• pp.136-144
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• 2005

Oxidative hair color is currently widely used because of its beautiful light color and good dyeability. In this study, hair color, oxidative agents, and dye intermediate were reacted. Modifier, which changes color with various hue, and alkaline agent, which opens the cuticle of hair fiber and enhances the dyeing reaction, were added. For gel formation, isocetyl alcohol was used as solvent in preparing three kinds of permanent oxidative hair color. Physiochemical study of prepared permanent oxidative hair color was done for basic information acquisition. Acid perspiration test, pH measurement both at room temperature and at high temperature, drop movement test, dyeability efficiency upon the amount of hydrogen peroxide added, and humidity fastness were studied. Shampoo fastness and light fastness of prepared permanent oxidative hair color dyed hair sample were also investigated. All three kinds of hair color prepared showed good properties overall, however, dyed hair sample became reddish upon shampoo fastness and lightfastness tests.

• Current Optics and Photonics
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• v.5 no.4
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• pp.409-420
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• 2021

We propose a method to synthesize a color non-hogel-based computer-generated-hologram (CGH) from light field data of a three-dimensional scene with a hologram pixel pitch shared for all color channels. The non-hogel-based CGH technique generates a continuous wavefront with arbitrary carrier wave from given light field data by interpreting the ray angle in the light field to the spatial frequency of the plane wavefront. The relation between ray angle and spatial frequency is, however, dependent on the wavelength, which leads to different spatial frequency sampling grid in the light field data, resulting in color aberrations in the hologram reconstruction. The proposed method sets a hologram pixel pitch common to all color channels such that the smallest blue diffraction angle covers the field of view of the light field. Then a spatial frequency sampling grid common to all color channels is established by interpolating the light field with the spatial frequency range of the blue wavelength and the sampling interval of the red wavelength. The common hologram pixel pitch and light field spatial frequency sampling grid ensure the synthesis of a color hologram without any color aberrations in the hologram reconstructions, or any loss of information contained in the light field. The proposed method is successfully verified using color light field data of various test or natural 3D scenes.

• Journal of KIBIM
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.19-29
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• 2019

Currently, BIPV (Building Integrated Photovoltaic) design technology lacks analysis function at the planning stage, and there is a lack of understanding and reliability of BIPV design method and system for building designers. To design and consider various building integrated solar design alternatives, the color of building integrated solar is often monotonous or does not match the design direction of the building. In this study, architectural designers can select various color modules in the planning and design process of the building and analyze the characteristics of color module solar cells and compare and analyze the actual solar radiation and predicted solar radiation in Republic ofKorea Seoul to reduce the confusion of design methods. By building a BIM design integrated system that can prove the quality of the building and analyze the shading analysis and power generation performance architecturally, it can improve the reliability of color module solar cell applicability that can express aesthetics in buildings and the predicted solar power generation capacity of each region. In the initial design stage, based on the empirical data of the BIPV system, it is possible to analyze the power generation performance for each installation angle and installation direction by analyzing the surrounding environment and the installation area, and accurately determine the appropriateness of the design accordingly.

• Convergence Security Journal
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• v.14 no.7
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• pp.9-15
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• 2014

In this paper, we proposed a new LDP code to solve a previous LDP code's problem and can include a face-color information. To include the face-color information, we developed various methods reducing the existing LDP code and analyzed the results. A new LDP code is represented by 6-bits different from the previous LDP code To adapt to a noise and environmental changes effectively and include 2-bits face-color information. The result shows better recognition rates of face and facial-expression than the existing methods effectively.

• The Journal of the Korea institute of electronic communication sciences
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• v.11 no.1
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• pp.107-112
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• 2016

Fastener is a very important component that is used in various areas in industry. Recently, various color fasteners are introduced. According to this, online inspection is required in this area. In this paper, an algorithm for the automatic extraction of the surface of color fastener using color information and dynamic programming is presented. The outer boundary of fastener is found using the difference of color that enables robust processing. The inner boundary of fastener is found by dynamic programming that uses the difference of brightness value within fixed area after converting image to polar coordinate. Experiments are done using the same parameters.

• Journal of Internet Computing and Services
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• v.9 no.1
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• pp.171-177
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• 2008

In this paper we compared the performance of interpolation algorithms for Bayer patterned image sensors under the various illumination intensities. As the interpolation algorithms, we used bilinear color interpolation and adaptive fuzzy color interpolation and our experimentation shows that performance of interpolation algorithms depend on the lighting conditions; in low intensity of illumination, bilinear color interpolation with median filter performs best, in high intensity of illumination, adaptive fuzzy color interpolation performs best, and in between bilinear color interpolation performs best. This study suggested an interpolation scheme which applies different interpolation algorithm according to the intensity of the input image, resuting in the better image quality.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartB
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• v.14B no.5
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• pp.337-342
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• 2007

Multi-level has advantage to express image in all levels with different images. This paper proposes digital watermarking built-in technique to transform color image to YCbCr color space to guarantee robustness and imperceptibility of the watermark in the various expression of color images, and to hide multi-level data which shows spread spectrum from low resolution to whole resolution for the Y-signal of multi-level. In color signal, Y-signal and low resolution built-in watermark has risk to be visible, but it can guarantee the robustness of watermark in various colors and transformed images. As a result of the experiment, wavelet compression image with built-in watermark showed robustness and imperceptibility of watermark.

• The KIPS Transactions:PartD
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• v.14D no.7
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• pp.809-818
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• 2007

In this thesis, the color information is used to extract the traffic sign territory, and for recognizing the extracted image, it proposes the traffic sign recognition system that applies the error back propagation algorithm. The proposed method analyzes the color of traffic sign to extract and recognize the possible territory of traffic sign. The method of extracting the possible territory is to use the characteristics of YUV, YIQ, and CMYK color space from the RGB color space. Morphology uses the geometric characteristics of traffic sign to make the image segmentation. The recognition of traffic signs can be recognized by using the error back propagation algorithm. As a result of the experiment, the proposed system has proven its outstanding capability in extraction and recognition of candidate territory without the influence of differences in lighting and input image in various sizes.

• International journal of advanced smart convergence
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• v.9 no.3
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• pp.192-198
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• 2020

The 3D point cloud is a key technology of object detection for virtual reality and augmented reality. In order to apply various areas of object detection, it is necessary to obtain 3D information and even color information more easily. In general, to generate a 3D point cloud, it is acquired using an expensive scanner device. However, 3D and characteristic information such as RGB and depth can be easily obtained in a mobile device. GNN (Graph Neural Network) can be used for object detection based on these characteristics. In this paper, we have generated RGB and RGBD by detecting basic information and characteristic information from the KITTI dataset, which is often used in 3D point cloud object detection. We have generated RGB-GNN with i-GNN, which is the most widely used LiDAR characteristic information, and color information characteristics that can be obtained from mobile devices. We compared and analyzed object detection accuracy using RGBD-GNN, which characterizes color and depth information.