• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.420-424
• /
• 2006

This experiment was conducted to elucidate the basic physiological phenomena of pollination and fertilization for breeding in perilla (Perilla frutescens) through different 6 varieties derived from 2 genera under 4 temperature conditions at day and night. The pollen germination was observed after 30 minutes and pollen tube reached the lower part of pistil after 1 hour from artificial pollination. Seed formation was affected by temperature condition and a variety. The early maturing variety 'YCPL 25' showed a poor seed formation rate under the night temperature below $15^{\circ}C$, but the late maturing variety 'YCPL263' did not lowered even though the night time temperature was $10^{\circ}C$. The function of pistil was long maintained under the low temperature from the fact that if the live pollen pollinate artificially to the flower that does not form seed under low temperature, fruiting was made. Pollen was created and pollen tube was developed in the time of petal becomes bigger than calyx in five varieties, 'YCPLl77-1' etc. However, pollen was made and pollen tube was made only 71% in a green chajogi 'YCPL205-1'. These physiological phenomena of pollination and fertilization could be applicable to the emasculation and an effective breeding in perilla.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.43 no.3
• /
• pp.210-213
• /
• 2011

A dark pink semi-double freesia (Freesia hybrida Hort.) 'Happy Birthday' was bred from a cross between 'Pink Jewel', F1 progeny of 'Michelle' and 'Rossini' as a female and 'White Lace' as a male parent. Test for the growth vigor and flowering characteristic were conducted from 2002 to 2007. A new variety 'Happy Birthday' has semi-double flower type with dark pink color (RHS color chart #RP66C). It has multiple flowers, distinctive flower shape, upright leaves and also stalks. The average yield of this variety 'Happy Birthday' counted over 6.7 stems per plant per season in the standard greenhouse cultivation method. It has also good production of cormlets, vigorous growth. A new variety 'Happy Birthday' is suitable for the greenhouse conditions during winter season in Korea.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.33 no.s01
• /
• pp.86-97
• /
• 1988

Sesame(Sesamum indicum L.) is probably the most ancient oilseed crop known in the world. The seed of sesame is used in a variety of ways as food. The whole seed may be eaten raw, either roasted or parched, or fed to birds and stock. Sesame oil is used as a salad or cooking oil, in shortening, margarine and in the manufacture of soap. Minor uses are as a fixative in the perfume industry and formerly as a carrier for fatsoluble substances in pharmaceuticals such as penicillin. One of the minor constituents of sesame oil, sesamin, is used for its synergistic effect in pyrethrin insecticides, in addition of a small quantity of this substance markedly increases the effectiveness of fly sprays. The meal remaining after oil extraction can be used as and animal feed-stuff or as manure. In general sesame meal is considered to be equal to cottonseed or soybean meal as a protein supplement for livestock and poultry. It is especially high in certain amino-acids such as methionine, which is low in soybean meal, and thus can be combined with it or similar meal to form a more balanced ration. An attempt to summarize the literature review on quality improvement of sesame was made to discuss the accomplishments of the past and perspectives in the future. The reviews on quality improvement of sesame were mainly discussed in connection with the cultural practices and genetic informations in current status. The emphasis focussed on environmental variation of quality in cultural practices, such as harvest time, variety by location, climatic condition, fertilizer application, and growth regulator treatment. On the genetic variation of quality, it was discussed on variety background, mutation breeding, correlations, and inheritance of quality related characteristics. It also was discussed on relationship between quality and plant traits, storage condition or period, and seed coat color. Moreover, current research status were reviewed on some minor elements such as sesamin, oxalic acid, and trypsin inhibitor. As a results of the review, the lack of an effort to quality improvement in each utilization area was indicated as a problem area. More active efforts for the improvement of quality were also insufficient to incorporate the available genes for quality in breeding method or collection and analysis of breeding materials. Therefore, researches in the future would be recommended to emphasize on these problem areas.

• Journal of The Korean Society of Grassland and Forage Science
• /
• v.20 no.1
• /
• pp.1-6
• /
• 2000

Improvement of cold-tolerance of Italian ryegrass(Lo1ium multiflorum L.) is an important breeding objectivefor enlargement of cultivation area in Korea. To develop the cold-tolerant variety of Italian ryegrass,cold-tolerant clones survived under - 13- - 14$^{\circ}$C of minimum average air temperature in January wereselected in the area of Dun Nae, Kwangwon Province. The 5 lines of Italian ryegrass clones selected werepolycrossed for seed production. Synthetic seeds were examined on growth characters and forage productionsin Suwon from 1996 to 1998, in Unbong 1997 and in Younchun 1998, respectively. The growth charactersand forage productions of Italian ryegrass variety named as "Hwasan 101" were summarized as follow ;ltalian ryegrass variety, Hwasan 101 was tetraploid and showed semi-prostrate growth habit in autumn andwas not only dark green in leaf color and broad in flag leaf width but also excellent in leafiness. Also, itshowed low plant height at first heading date of 20th May and excellent lodging tolerance. Expecially,Hwasan 101 in all trial regions was 80 -90% of winter survivals that was higher than 60 -90% of Florida80 and Marshall varieties. Therefore we estimate that Hwasan 101 can be cultivated in regions that is higherthan -9$^{\circ}$C in minimum average air temperature and lower than 400m in sea level. In forage production ofHwasan 101, fresh weight and total digestible nutrient(TDN) yield were 66,940 and 6,551kghq and drymatter yield was 10,050kgha. In conclusion, Italian ryegrass, Hwasan 101 was medium and late maturingvariety but excellent in cold-tolerance, lodging-tolerance, leafiness, and forage production.(Key words : Italian ryegrass, Cold tolerance, New variety)ian ryegrass, Cold tolerance, New variety)

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.41 no.3
• /
• pp.288-291
• /
• 2009

A new commercial rice variety "Donghaejinmi" is a japonica rice (Oryza sativa L.) with lodging resistance and high grain quality. It has been developed by the rice breeding team of Yeongdeog Substation, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS), RDA. This variety was derived from a cross between "Milyang 64" as a resistance source of brown planthopper (Bph) and "Milyang 165" as grain quality source. The donor parent, "Milyang64" has been backcrossed three times with recurrent parent, "Milyang165" and selected by the pedigree breeding method. The pedigree of "Donghaejinmi", designated as "Yeongdeog 41" in 2003, was YR21259-B-B-68-1. It has a short culm length with 69 cm and medium-late growth time. This variety is resistant to stripe virus and moderately resistant to leaf blast disease with durable resistance. It also has tolerance to unfavorable environment such as cold, dried wind and storm. Milled rice kernel of "Donghaejinmi" is translucent, clear in chalkness and good at eating quality in panel test. The merit of this variety is high head rice ratio, which is essential element to produce an article of superior quality rice brand. The yield potential of "Donhaejinmi" in milled rice is about 6.05 MT/ha at ordinary fertilizer level of local adaptability test. This cultivar would be adaptable to Yeongnam inland plains and eastern costal area of Yeongnam province.

• Korean journal of applied entomology
• /
• v.15 no.4 s.29
• /
• pp.163-168
• /
• 1976

The present study was conducted to determine the number of genes controlling resistance of variety Tongil to three prevalent blast strains and any relationships among the genes in the inheritance of resistance of the variety to blast. Tongil was crossed with five local varieties and the progenies were tested with blast isolates E-7 and 100-14 by injection inoculation method. Results indicated that a tingle dominant gene conditioned resistance of variety Tongil and resistance to the isolate E-7 was controlled by a gene different from that controlling resistance to the isolate 100-14. In previous study it was identified that the gene controlling resistance to the isolate E-7 was different from the gene for resistance to isolate T-1. Therefore based on the foregoing results it may be inferred that the variety Tongil has at least three or more resistant genes to blast.

• Horticultural Science & Technology
• /
• v.33 no.2
• /
• pp.298-301
• /
• 2015

A new Hibiscus syriacus variety, 'Dasom', was developed by radiation breeding using gamma ray exposure at the Korea Atomic Energy Research Institute (KAERI). Seeds of the original variety, 'Hongsun', were collected in 1993. These seeds were irradiated at 100 Gy dose and $M_1$ seeds were planted in a field of the KAERI in 1994. Lines with preferred flower color that were going to be used for street trees were initially selected in 1998. Analyses of characteristics were conducted from 2005 to 2010. The 5-year-old 'Dasom' plants were approximately 106 cm in height and averaged 19 branches, and thus were suitable for street trees. The flowers of 'Dasom' were semi-double type with medium red color and red eye spots. Petal length and width were about 4.0 cm and 3.3 cm, respectively. Flower diameter was slightly small, at about 5.8 cm, because of highly overlapping petals. The flowering period of 'Dasom' was about 105 days, which was 6 days shorter than that of the original variety, 'Hongsun'. However, the main charactersistics of 'Dasom' including leaf shape were similar to those of the original variety, 'Hongsun'.

• KOREAN JOURNAL OF CROP SCIENCE
• /
• v.51 no.5
• /
• pp.483-490
• /
• 2006

In order to breed hemp variety with nondrug type adapted to Korea, a total of 44 accessions were introduced from Center for plant breeding and reproduction research (CPRO) In Netherland and evaluated for plant growth characteristics and contents of cannabinoids such as tetrahydrocannbinol (THC), cannabidiol (CBD), Cannabinol (CBN) in Korean climatical and geographical condition. 1. In Korean geographical position which latitude is $34^{\circ}N$, days to flowering and stem length were shorter than in Netherlands which latitude is $52^{\circ}N$. But THC content was not shown significant difference between two areas. 2. Corrected accessions of hemp were classified into 3 variety groups by cluster analysis and 4 accessions including Korean local variety were not classified into any variety group. 3. Most hemp accessions have low THC contents but were not suitable for fiber production in Korea due to short days to flowering and stem length. 4. Among the introduced accessions, IH3 was suitable for breeding material of fiber hemp with non-drug type because of low THC content and similar days to flowering with Korean local variety.

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.49 no.1
• /
• pp.41-46
• /
• 2017

The sorghum (Sorghum bicolor (L.) Moench) variety 'Sodamchal' was developed and registered by Department of Sothern Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science (NICS) in 2013. This variety was developed from the cross between 'Hwanggeumchal' with brown grain and 'Jungmo4001' with semi-dwarf trait. 'Sodamchal' is the first semi-dwarf stature with waxy endosperm ever developed in Korea. The yield performance of 'Sodamchal' was 2.95 MT/ha in local adaptability test for 2 years. It had 91 cm culm length, which was 58 cm shorter than that of 'Hwanggeumchal', 26.3 cm panicle length, 22.0 mm thickness of culm, 21.1 g in 1,000 grain weight. It could be reduce the lodging problem and also adapted to mechanized cultivation. 'Sodamchal' produces high quantities of polyphenol and radical scavenging activitiy with diphenyl-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH), 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) in pigmented testa. Above all 'Sodamchal' is suitable for use as a parental source for the development of improved pollinator parent lines for developing semi-dwarf sorghum with waxy endosperm and antioxidant activity. (Variety registration No. 6244)

• Korean Journal of Breeding Science
• /
• v.40 no.2
• /
• pp.173-177
• /
• 2008

A new peanut variety "Pungsan" (Arachis hypogaea ssp. hypogaea L.) was developed at the Yeongnam Agricultural Research Institute, NICS, in Milyang in 2007. It was derived from a cross between a short stem cultivar "Satonoka" and a high-yielding local cultivar "Yecheon". "Pungsan" is the Virginia plant type. It has 18 branches per plant and 40 cm of main stem height. Each pod with long-ellipse shaped large kernel has two grains with light-brown testa and 100 seed weight was 95g in the regional yield trials (RYT). "Pungsan" showed more resistant to web blotch compared with check variety. In the regional yield trials "Pungsan" was outyielded in grain yield to the check variety by 16% with 4.45 MT/ha for grain.