• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제21권4호
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• pp.65-71
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• 2013

고도에 따른 풍속변화를 의미하는 Wind shear는 풍력발전기의 에너지 생산량에 직접적으로 영향을 미치는 중요한 요소이다. 풍속을 보정하는 방법으로는 멱법칙(Power Law)이 사용되는데, 일반적으로 쓰이는 0.143(1/7)의 멱지수(Power Law exponent) 값을 이용한 보정식을 1/7th 멱법칙이라 한다. 하지만 멱지수는 해당 지역의 대기 안정도, 지표면의 상태 등에 의해 많은 영향을 받으므로, 실제 정확한 풍력에너지 예측을 위해서는 관심지역의 멱지수의 정확한 계산이 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 제주도 북동부 연안지역 3곳에 Met-mast를 설치하여 풍력자원을 측정하였고, 이를 바탕으로 제주도 북동부 지역에 적합한 멱지수를 계산하여 제안하였다. 제주도 북동부 연안지역의 멱지수를 계산한 결과, 한동 0.141, 평대 0.138, 우도 0.1254의 값을 얻었다. 0.143(1/7)의 멱지수 값, 제안한 멱지수 값을 적용하여 계산한 연간에너지생산량과 실제 측정된 풍황자료를 이용하여 계산한 연간에너지생산량을 비교한 결과, 세 지역 모두 제안한 멱지수 값을 적용하여 계산한 연간에너지생산량이 실제 측정된 풍황자료를 이용하여 계산한 연간에너지생산량과 유사한 결과를 보였고, 따라서 제안한 멱지수 값의 적용이 가능하다고 판단된다.

• 한국소성가공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국소성가공학회 2008년도 춘계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.281-284
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• 2008

Film insert melding is one of the surface processes that enhances functional or aesthetic qualities of an existing product's surface. In general, film insert molding consists of three processes including thermoforming, trimming and injection molding. Thermoforming, which is the first process of film insert molding, is the most important process because the variation of film thickness has an effect on the mold design and process conditions for the subsequent processes, that are, trimming and injection molding. This study is focused on predicting the film thickness distribution through film insert thermoforming process using commercial FEM code. In order to describe rheological behavior of thermoplastic film (ABS), G'Sell's viscoelastic constitutive law was adopted. The numerical model of film insert thermoforming was established, and the simulation to predict film thickness distribution was performed. Comparison between the results of simulation and experiment was made to validate the proposed finite element analysis.

• 대한공간정보학회지
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• 제20권2호
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• pp.15-22
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• 2012

지면위의 풍속의 변화를 높이별 풍속변화(wind shear)아고 한다. 풍력자원 평가 분야에서 전통적으로 이런 높이별 풍속 변화특성을 수학적으로 두 가지 방법으로 분석한다. 이를 대수법칙(Lograthmic law)과 멱법칙(Power law)이라 한다. 대수법칙은 표면 거칠기를 파라미터로 멱법칙의 경우 멱지수를 파라미터로 사용한다. 높이별 풍속변화는 여러 가지 인자에 의하여 영항을 받는다. 대부분은 대기의 안정도와 주변의 지형에 의한 거칠기에 현저한 영향을 받는다. 대기안정도는 계절적, 하루의 시간 변화나 기상학적 변화에 의한 영항을 받는다. 표면의 거칠기와 멱지수 역시 시간의 변화에 따라 변화하는 경향을 보인다. 본 연구에서는 제주 평대와 한동 지역의 풍황 관측데이터를 이용하여 메트랩과 windograper를 이용하여 조도 길이와 멱지수를 계산 하였다. 이 결과는 참조데이터들과 유사한 결과를 보이긴 했지만 범위는 차이를 보이고 있었다. 선행 연구와 비교한 결과 해양의 경우 비슷한 결과를 보였지만 농작지의 경우 보다 높은 범위를 농촌마을이 경우 보다 낮은 범위를 보이고 있었다.

• 한국지반공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국지반공학회 2009년도 세계 도시지반공학 심포지엄
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• pp.905-912
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• 2009

1-g shaking table test is conducted to evaluate the dynamic behavior of a soil-structure system under seismic loading condition. A consistent similitude law between the model and prototype is needed to predict the behavior of the prototype structure, quantitatively. The natural frequency of geomaterial decreases with the increase of shaking intensity because of the non-linear property of the geomaterial. This phenomenon affects the applicability of similitude laws in 1-g shaking table tests. In this study, a simple method is suggested to determine the frequency of the input motions in 1-g tests in order to enhance the applicability of similitude laws. Modified input frequency is calculated using the frequency ratio with consideration of the variation of the natural frequency according to the intensity of input ground acceleration. To verify the applicability of the suggested method, a series of 1-g shaking table tests were performed for three different sizes of model piles having an overburden mass on their heads by varying the acceleration and the frequency of input motion. The acceleration amplification ratio on the overburden mass, the lateral displacement at the pile head and the maximum bending moment along the pile depth were measured. The projected behaviors of the virtual prototype based on the measured values of the model tests, where the input frequencies were calculated by the new method, showed good consistency, verifying the applicability of the suggested method.

• 한국물환경학회지
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• 제34권4호
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• pp.391-398
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• 2018

The main purpose of this study is to suggest and recommend the more reliable flow direction methods within the framework of DEM and power law distribution, by investigating the existing methodologies. To this end SFD (single flow direction method), MFD (multiple flow direction method) and IFD (Infinite flow direction method) are applied to analyze the determination of a flow direction for the water particles as seen in the Jeonjeokbigyo basin, and then assessed with respect to the variation of flow accumulation in that region. As the main results revealed, the study showed the different patterns of flow accumulation are found out from each applications of flow direction methods utilized in this study. This brings us to understand that as the flow dispersion on DEM increases, in this case the contributing areas to the outlet grow in sequence of SFD, IFD, MFD, but it is noted that the contribution of individual pixels into outlet decreases at that time. In what follows, especially with the MFD and IFD, the result tends to make additional hydrologic abstraction from rainfall excess, as noted due to the flow dispersion within flow paths on DEM. Based on the parameter estimation for a power law distribution, which is frequently used for identify the aggregation structure of complex system, by maximum likelihood flow accumulation can be thought of as a scale invariance factor. In this regard, the combination of flow direction methods could give rise to the more realistic water flow on DEM, as revealed through the separate flow direction methods as utilized for dispersion and aggregation effects of water flow within the available different topographies.

• 한국주조공학회지
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• 제38권5호
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• pp.95-102
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• 2018

The dependence of the tensile properties on variations in the porosity of A356 aluminium alloys was investigated in terms of the quality index of the tensile properties based upon the ultimate tensile strength and elongation as well as the variation of the strength coefficient and strain-hardening exponent with regard to a T6 treatment. The test specimens were prepared by low-pressure die-casting and a subsequent T6 treatment, and the experimental results of a tensile test carried out at room temperature were compared to the theoretical description using a modified constitutive model. The nominal value of the quality index of A356 alloys increases gradually with a lapse of the ageing time upon a T6 treatment, despite the fact that this value is temporarily decreased during the initial stage of ageing from a solutionised condition. Additionally, the quality index depends practically upon the porosity variation with a power law relationship without regard to whether in solutionised or artificial aged conditions. The theoretical description indicates that the strength coefficient directly determines the nominal level of the quality index. Moreover, the overall dependence of the quality index on the porosity variation is remarkably weakened with an increase in the tensile strain, whereas the quality index depends sensitively upon the porosity variation with a low value of the strain-hardening exponent.

• Advances in materials Research
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• 제9권2호
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• pp.115-131
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• 2020

Limit elastic speed analysis of Al/SiC-based functionally graded annular disk of uniform thickness has been carried out for two cases, namely: metal-rich and ceramic rich. In the present study, the unknown field variable for radial displacement is solved using variational method wherein the solution was obtained by Galerkin's error minimization principle. One of the objectives was to identify the variation of induced stress in a functionally graded disk of uniform thickness at limit elastic speed using modified rule of mixture by comparing the induced von-Mises stress with the yield stress along the disk radius, thereby locating the yield initiation. Furthermore, limit elastic speed has been reported for a combination of varying grading index (n) and aspect ratios (a/b).Results indicate, limit elastic speed increases with an increase in grading indices. In case of an increase in aspect ratio, limit elastic speed increases up to a critical value beyond which it recedes. Also, the objective was to look at the variation of yield stress corresponding to volume fraction variation within the disk which later helps in material tailoring. The study reveals the qualitative variation of yield stress for FG disk with volume fraction, resulting in the possibility of material tailoring from the processing standpoint, in practice.

• 한국해양공학회지
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• 제28권4호
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• pp.268-273
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• 2014

To investigate the turbulence characteristics within the boundary layer over a flat plate, an experimental study was performed using a PIV technique in a circular water channel. For two water velocities, 0.92 and 1.99 m/s, the water velocity profiles were taken and analyzed to determine turbulent characteristics such as the Reynolds stress, Taylor micro-length scale, and Kolmogorov length scale within the defect law region of the boundary layer. These analysis methods may be applied to research on the friction drag reduction technology using micro-bubbles or an air sheet over the surface of a ship's hull, because the physical reason for the friction drag reduction could be found by understanding the variation of the turbulence characteristics and structures in the boundary layer.

• 산업기술연구
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• 제39권1호
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• pp.41-45
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• 2019

Hydrogen sulfide ($H_2S$) is mainly produced along with methane and hydrocarbons in many gas fields as well as hydrodesulfurization processes of crude oils containing sulfur compounds and the emission of $H_2S$ has a considerable effect on both environmental problem and human health aspects due to formation of, e.g. acid rain and smog. In recent years, ionic liquids (ILs) have been proposed as the most promising solvents for $CO_2$ and hazardous pollutants capture, such as $H_2S$ and sulfur dioxide ($SO_2$). In this work, we demonstrate the use of the predictive COSMO-SAC model for the prediction of Henry's law constant of $H_2S$ in ILs. Furthermore, the method is used to screen for potential IL candidates for $H_2S$ capture from a set of 2,624 ILs formed from 82 cations and 32 anions. The effects of cation on the Henry's law constant of $H_2S$ such as (i) the variation of the alkyl chain length on cation, (ii) the substituent of methyl group ($-CH_3$) for H in C(2) position and (iii) the change of ring structure for cation family are clearly predicted by COSMO-SAC model.

• Advances in concrete construction
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• 제13권5호
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• pp.367-376
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• 2022

Theoretical study of vibration distinctiveness of rotating cylindrical are examined for three volume fraction laws viz.: polynomial, exponential and trigonometric. These laws control functionally graded material composition in the shell radius direction. Functionally graded materials are controlled from two or more materials. In practice functionally graded material comprised of two constituent materials is used to form a cylindrical shell. For the current shell problem stainless steel and nickel are used for the shell structure. A functionally graded cylindrical shell is sanctioned into two types by interchanging order of constituent materials from inner and outer side for Type I and Type II cylindrical shell arrangement. Fabric composition of a functionally graded material in a shell thickness direction is controlled by volume fraction law. Variation of power law exponent brings change in frequency values. Influence of this physical change is investigated to evade future complications. This procedure is capable to cater any boundary condition by changing the axial wave number. But for simplicity, numerical results have been evaluated for clamped- simply supported rotating cylindrical shells. It has been observed from these results that shell frequency is bifurcated into two parts: one is related to the backward wave and other with forward wave. It is concluded that the value of backward frequency is some bit higher than that forward frequency. Influence of volume fraction laws have been examined on shell frequencies. Backward and forward frequency curves for a volume fraction law are upper than those related to two other volume fraction laws. The results generated furnish the evidence regarding applicability of present shell model and also verified by earlier published literature.