• 대한기계학회논문집A
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• 제35권1호
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• pp.11-15
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• 2011

본 논문은 풍력터빈의 출력 제어 방법에 관한 논문이다. MW급 풍력 터빈 출력제어의 기본 제어 구조는 가변속도 가변피치 방식을 사용한다. 가변속도 가변피치 제어는 파워 커브를 추종하기 위한 방법으로서, 풍속변화에 따라 이 제어방식이 어떻게 적용되는지 논의한다. 제어 시스템 설계를 위하여 단순화된 드라이브 트레인 모델이 사용되었다. 제어 시스템은 토크제어와 피치제어로 구성되고, 제시된 동적 모델을 사용하여 설계된 제어 시스템의 시뮬레이션 결과에 대하여 논의한다.

• 대한전기학회논문지:전력기술부문A
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• 제52권6호
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• pp.307-315
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• 2003

This paper proposes a novel simulation method of WPGS (Wind Power Generation System). The rotation speed control method of turbine under variable wind speed using the pitch control is proposed. Moreover, when wind speed exceeds the cut-out wind speed, the turbine will be stopped by controlling pitch angle to 90$^{\circ}$, otherwise it will be controlled to steady-state operation. For the purpose of effective simulation, the SWRW (Simulation method for WPGS using Real Weather condition) is used for the utility interactive WPGS simulation in this paper, in which those of three topics for the WPGS simulation: user-friendly method, applicability to grid-connection and the utilization of the real weather conditions, are satisfied. It is impossible to consider the real weather conditions in the WPGS simulation using the EMTP type of simulators and PSPICE, etc. External parameter of the real weather conditions is necessary to ensure the simulation accuracy. The simulation of the WPGS using the real weather conditions including components modeling of wind turbine system is achieved by introducing the interface method of a non-linear external parameter and FORTRAN using PSCAD/EMTDC in this paper. The simulation of long-term, short-term, over cut-out and under cut-out wind speeds will be peformed by the proposed simulation method effectively. The efficiency of wind power generator, power converter and flow of energy are analyzed by wind speed of the long-term simulation. The generator output and current supplied into utility can be obtained by the short-term simulation. Finally, transient-state of the WPGS can be analyzed by the simulation results of over cut-out and under cut-out wind speeds, respectively.

• 대한전기학회:학술대회논문집
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• 대한전기학회 2002년도 추계학술대회 논문집 전기기기 및 에너지변환시스템부문
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• pp.320-322
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• 2002

The paper presents an electrical model of a grid-connected wind energy conversion system (WECS) with a variable speed drive, a fixed pitch angle, a synchronous generator as a wind generator and AC-DC-AC conversion scheme for simulating dynamic behaviors and performance responding to varying wind speed input. The electric output of the WECS is controlled by the AC-DC-AC conversion scheme, the objective of which is to capture the maximum active power under varying wind conditions and to keep the voltage of WECS terminal bus at a specific level. Aerodynamic models are used to incorporate the power characteristics to wind speed. The modeling and simulation of the WECS are realized on PSCAD/EMTDC environment.

• Restorative Dentistry and Endodontics
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• 제31권6호
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• pp.477-484
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• 2006

학생들이 사용한 세 가지 NiTi file systems (ProFile$^{(R)}$, Hero Shaper$^{(R)}$, K3$^{TM}$)을 사용하여 성형한 모형 근관의 apical terminus width를 비교하여 flute angle 및 pitch 혹은 radial land가 screw-in effect에 미치는 효과를 알아보고자 하였다. NiTi file의 사용 경험이 없는 부산대학교 치과대학 4학년 학생 50명이 세 종류의 NiTi file systems- Pro File$^{(R)}$ (Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland), K3$^{TM}$ (SybronEndo, Glendora, France), Hero Shaper$^{\circledR}$(Micromega, Besancon, France)-을 사용하여 각 system으로 하나의 근관씩, 모두 150 개의 레진 블락 근관모형 (Endo Training Bloc; Dentsply Maillefer, Ballaigues, Switzerland)을 16 : 1 감속 handpiece를 장착한 electric motor (Tecnika ATR, Pistola, Italy)를 사용하여 300 rpm의 속도에서 torque는 30 (Tecnikamotor setting value)으로 성형하였다. 스캐너로 근관 성형 전 후 이미지를 채득하여 중첩한 후 근단부의 최종 폭경을 측정하였다. 통계분석은 one-way ANOVA와 95% 신뢰도의 Scheffe's multiple range test로 사후 검증하였다. ProFile$^{(R)}$의 근관 성형 후 근단부의 폭이 Hero Shaper$^{(R)}$ and K3$^{TM}$에 비해 통계학적으로 유의하게 작았다. 본 연구의 결과에서 근단부의 과도한 확대가 variable pitch와 helical angle를 가진active file에 비해 con-stant pitch와 helical angle을 가짐에도 불구하고 radial land를 가진passive file에서 적게 나타났다. 이 결과로 추정해 볼 때, variable pitch와 helical angle보다는 근본적으로 radial land가 screw-in effect의 예방에 더 큰 역할을 하는 것으로 추정될 수 있다 따라서 NiTi file의 사용 경험이 없는 초심자의 경우 근단부 폭경의 유지능력이 좋은 ProFile$^{(R)}$의 사용이 추천된다.

• 한국항공우주학회지
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• 제35권10호
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• pp.891-898
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• 2007

피치 제어형 수평축 풍력터빈에 대한 공력최적 설계 형상과 피치 변화에 따른 공력 성능 특성을 수치적으로 계산하였다. 수치적 방법은 날개 요소이론을 적용하였으며, Prandtl의 팁 손실 효과, 에어포일의 분포 효과, 후류의 회전 효과 등을 고려하였다. 블레이드 설계에는 총 6개의 서로 다른 에어포일을 사용하였으며, 구조적 강성을 갖기 위해서 허브 측에는 최대 40% 두께비의 에어포일을 분포시켰다. 최적 설계에서 얻어진 비선형 코드 길이는 제작성과 무게 등을 고려하여 선형화 시켰고, 선형화에 따른 공력성능 변화는 무시할만하다는 결과를 얻어내었다. 피치각 변화에 따른 동력성능, 추력성능, 토크 성능 곡선을 비교한 결과 $3^{\circ}$의 피치각 변화에도 민감한 공력 값의 변동이 생김을 알 수 있었고, 정밀한 피치 제어를 위한 각도 제어는 증분이 $3^{\circ}$보다 작은 값으로 피치 제어 알고리즘과 피치 구동 장치가 필요함을 알 수 있었다. 또한 최대 토크는 설계속도비보다 작은 속도비에서 발생되는 결과를 보여주었다.

• 한국복합재료학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국복합재료학회 2004년도 추계학술발표대회 논문집
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• pp.125-130
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• 2004

This study proposes a development for the l-kW class small wind turbine system, which is applicable to relatively low wind speed region like Korea and has the variable pitch control mechanism. In the aerodynamic design of the wind turbine blade, parametric studies were carried out to determine an optimum aerodynamic configuration which is not only more efficient at low wind speed but whose diameter is not much larger than similar class other blades. A light composite structure, which can endure effectively various loads, was newly designed. In order to evaluate the structural design of the composite blade, the structural analysis was performed by the finite element method. Moreover both structural safety and aerodynamic performance were verified through the prototype test.

• Transactions on Electrical and Electronic Materials
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• 제18권5호
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• pp.265-272
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• 2017

This paper presents the dynamic modeling, analysis, and control of an AC/DC/AC-assisted, self-excited induction generator connected to the grid. The dynamic model includes wind turbine models with pitch control, gear boxes, self-excited induction generators, excitation capacitance, inductive load models, controlled six-pulse rectifiers, and novel state-space models of a grid-connected inverter. The system has been simulated to verify its capabilities of buildup voltage, stator flux response, stator phase current, electromagnetic torque, and magnetizing inductance variation during both the dynamic and steady states with a variable-speed prime mover. The complete setup of the above dynamic models was simulated using MATLAB/SIMULINK.

• 동력기계공학회지
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• 제19권6호
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• pp.33-38
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• 2015

In this study new CVT(Continuously Variable Transmission) system which is adaptable to a small size electric vehicle is proposed available to gradient response CVT. New pulleys consist of springs adapted driving pulley and driven pulley. At the moment a small electric vehicle drive a slope, new system respond to a gradient as overcoming tensional force of springs. We made prototype of gradient response CVT to test parts performance and travelling performance test. As a result of test, belt pitch diameter varied for high torque direction at the gradient. In the flat travelling, acceleration travelling and gradient travelling performance test, the small electric vehicle with gradient response CVT get improved perfomance than the small electric vehicle with reduction gear.

• 한국정밀공학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국정밀공학회 1996년도 추계학술대회 논문집
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• pp.31-35
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• 1996

The cross section of the circular rod type workpiece to be cut in the band saw machine is variable at every moment in the sawing process. When the cutting feed rate is fixed to the constant speed, the cutting edges of the band saw teeth are also variabl eat any moment, so this causes the wear of the land saw teeth and the deterioration of the quality in the surface roughness. In this study, to work out this kind of problem basically, the mean cutting force of a tooth in the band saw was estimated by using the workpiece which was smaller than the interval of each tooth, i.e. band saw pitch, in the thickness. Then the static cutting forces were predicted by appling the mean cutting forces referred above to the mechanistic cutting force model which were analyzed through the geometric profile of a band saw tooth.

• 한국신재생에너지학회:학술대회논문집
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• 한국신재생에너지학회 2011년도 추계학술대회 초록집
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• pp.37.2-37.2
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• 2011

Nowadays, offshore wind energy experiences a rapid development because of its wind condition and no noise impact problem. Different from Europe, offshore wind is just started in Asia. More work and research are needed in Korea. In this work, a three-bladed upwind variable speed pitch controlled 5MW wind turbine on a jacket support structure is used. During the simulation, several design load cases are investigated in two different fully coupled aero-hydro-servo-elastic codes. Some critical loads on the foundation are compared and analyzed.