• Journal of Families and Better Life
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• v.31 no.5
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• pp.125-141
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• 2013

This research aims to integrate study results through a meta-analysis of previous studies on the variables related with social support for female marriage immigrants. Based on the results, this study established the foundation of an integrated social support system for female marriage immigrants which considers both the functional perspective and structural perspective of social support, and suggested plans for an efficient support system. All social support was positively associated with female marriage immigrants marriage life, child-rearing behavior and attitude, reduction of stress and depression and psychological stability. In relation to the effect size of each variable related with all social support, the marriage variable had the biggest relationship with it, followed by the parenting variable, the psychological variable and the stress variable in that order. With reference to the relationship with related variables according to the sub-domain of social support, from the structural perspective, spousale support showed a high relationship with the marriage variable and the stress variable. It was also especially, very highly related with the marriage variable. In addition, a married woman's family support and expert support had an intermediate relationship with the marriage variable, and the husband's family support and friend support had a low relationship with it. From the functional perspective, material support had a very high relationship with the marriage variable, whereas it had a low relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable. Emotional support was also highly related with marriage variable, but showed an intermediate or low relationship with the psychological variable and the stress variable. On the other hand, informational support displayed an intermediate relationship with the stress variable and the psychological variable, and a high relationship with the marriage variable. Lastly, evaluative support had a high relationship with the marriage variable and the psychological variable. Based on these results, this study proposed plans for an integrated social support system as follows. First, education ought to be provided for the spouses, and support for marital adjustment should be offered. Second, there plans should be made for continuous bonding with the family of origin, and support should be given to address changes in awareness of the relationship with the husband's parents. Third, it is required to revitalize the local community and self-help groups, and provide the female marriage immigrants with opportunities to participate in social activities.

• Journal of the Korean Statistical Society
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• v.35 no.4
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• pp.441-452
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• 2006

Here an efficient regression type estimator for a stratified population mean is proposed under the two-phase sampling scheme. While constructing the proposed estimator, it is assumed that the first auxiliary variable x is directly and highly correlated with the study variable y, and the second auxiliary variable z is directly and highly correlated with the first auxiliary variable x. However the variable z is not directly correlated with the variable y, but they are just correlated with each other only due to their direct and high correlation with the variable x. The proposed regression type estimator is found to be always more efficient than the existing estimators defined under the same situation.

• Proceedings of the KSME Conference
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• 2008.11a
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• pp.418-423
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• 2008

Among various sensitivity evaluation techniques, semi-analytical method is quite popular since this method is more advantageous than analytical method and global finite difference method. However, SAM reveals severe inaccuracy problem when relatively large rigid body motions are identified for individual elements. Such errors result from the numerical differentiation of the pseudo load vector calculated by the finite difference scheme. In the present study, the adjoint variable method combined with complex variable is proposed to obtain the shape and size sensitivity for structural optimization. The complex variable can present accurate results regardless of the perturbation size as well as easy to be implemented. Through a few numerical examples of the static problem for the structural sensitivity, the efficiency and reliability of the adjoint variable method combined with complex variable is demonstrated.

• Proceedings of the Korean Society for Quality Management Conference
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• 2009.10a
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• pp.3-10
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• 2009

When the measurement method for a performance variable is destructive or expensive, it is profitable to replace the performance variable with a highly correlated surrogate variable. In this paper we propose screening procedures using a surrogate variable with specified producer's and consumer's risks. Blending the basic concepts of acceptance sampling plans and screening procedures, the proposed model can be used effectively by quality professionals. Two models are considered: the normal model with dichotomous performance and continuous surrogate variables, and the bivariate normal model with continuous performance and surrogate variables. It is assumed the surrogate variable given the performance variable is normally distributed in the normal model, and performance and surrogate variables are jointly normally distributed in the bivariate normal model. For the two models, Producer's and consumer's risks are derived, and methods of finding the optimal screening procedures are presented. Numerical examples are also given.

• Journal of Korean Society for Quality Management
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• v.37 no.4
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• pp.23-30
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• 2009

When the measurement method for a performance variable is destructive or expensive, it is profitable to replace the performance variable with a highly correlated surrogate variable. In this paper we propose screening procedures using a surrogate variable with specified producer's and consumer's risks. Blending the basic concepts of acceptance sampling plans and screening procedures, the proposed model can be used effectively by quality professionals. Two models are considered: the normal model with dichotomous performance and continuous surrogate variables, and the bivariate normal model with continuous performance and surrogate variables. It is assumed the surrogate variable given the performance variable is normally distributed in the normal model, and performance and surrogate variables are jointly normally distributed in the bivariate normal model. For the two models, producer's and consumer's risks are derived, and methods of finding the optimal screening procedures are presented. Numerical examples are also given.

• Journal of Korean Institute of Industrial Engineers
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• v.39 no.5
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• pp.422-428
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• 2013

In many cases, an $\bar{X}$ control chart which is based on the performance variable is used in industrial fields. However, if the performance variable is too costly or impossible to measure and a less expensive surrogate variable is available, the process may be more efficiently controlled using surrogate variables. In this paper, we propose a model for the economic design of a VSI (Variable Sampling Interval) $\bar{X}$ control chart using a surrogate variable that is linearly correlated with the performance variable. The total average profit model is constructed, which involves the profit per cycle time, the cost of sampling and testing, the cost of detecting and eliminating an assignable cause, and the cost associated with production during out-of-control state. The VSI $\bar{X}$ control charts using surrogate variables are expected to be superior to the Shewhart FSI (Fixed Sampling Interval) $\bar{X}$ control charts using surrogate variables with respect to the expected profit per unit cycle time from economic viewpoint.

• Journal of the Korean Regional Science Association
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• v.13 no.2
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• pp.93-118
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• 1997

Main findings of this study are as follows. Time-space model of Korea for urban growth model is established. The variables of space model resulted in job and education, which both are significant at 0.01 level and positive. The effect of job and education on the urban growth are 0.76 and 0.29 respectively in average. the determinants for deciding the influences for job variable are income variable and price-level variable. Income variable contributes 68.66% and the direction is negative while contribution of price-level variable is 29.90% and the direction is positive. The determinants for education variable are income, unemployment and wage difference between university graduates and high school graduates. The contribution and the high school graduates. The contribution and the direction of each variable for education variable are 63.6% and positive for the unemployment variable, 15.99% and negative for the income variable and 13.75% and positive for the wage difference variable. This study in different from previous works in three ways. The first is to establish the time-space model which could consider the time and space factor simultaneously. The second is to build data bases which contain the data of almost every city and every year in Korea during the objective period, which make the analysis continuous. The third is that the general analytic framework for the study is macrosocial one rather than a behavioral one, which means the unit of analysis is the metropolitan community and each city occupies population actively through it's potential power such as jobs, education and so on rather than a city population is the passive result of migration.

• The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business
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• v.8 no.3
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• pp.551-559
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• 2021

This study aims to analyze the effect of (a) sharia governance on transparency, muzakki's trust, and muzakki's loyalty in paying zakat to zakat management organizations, (b) trust and accountability on muzakki loyalty in paying zakat to zakat management organizations, (c) transparency, loyalty and accountability on the amount of zakat payments to zakat management organizations This is explanatory research with data analysis techniques using the smartPLS method. The sample is 117 people who had paid zakat to BAZNAS, Indonesia. The results showed that the sharia governance variable had a significant effect on the accountability, transparency, and muzakki trust variables. The accountability variable has a significant effect on the muzakki loyalty variable and not on the zakat payment variable. The transparency variable has a significant effect on the muzakki loyalty variable and not on the zakat payment variable. The muzakki trust variable has a significant effect on the muzakki loyalty variable, and the loyalty variable has a significant effect on the zakat payment variable. This new model can explain the variables that affect the increase in trust and loyalty in increasing the amount of zakat payments. Muzakki's trust and loyalty improvement model against zakat payment in BAZNAS Indonesia, explains how BAZNAS organizers can increase zakat revenue, loyalty, trust, and good sharia governance.

• Journal of The Korean Association For Science Education
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• v.25 no.2
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• pp.111-121
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• 2005

The purpose of this study was to analyze characteristics of experimental design and evidence choice of the elementary school students in problem solving process related to controlling variable. For this study, 96 6th grade students were selected and tested with Science Reasoning Task. This study revealed that the types of experimental design were categorized as variance of control variable, controlling of causal variable, perfect controlling variable, imperfect controlling variable, variance of all variable. Prior belief had a strong influence on student's experimental design. The types of evidence choice were categorized as perfect controlling variable, controlling causal variable, variance of causal variable. The degree of controlling variable in evidence choice process was much lower than that in experimental design. Most students tended to choose evidence according to prior belief without controlling variable. The results of this study implied that student's prior belief and characteristic of science process skills should be considered to develop program for promoting controlling variable ability.

• Structural Engineering and Mechanics
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• v.24 no.3
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• pp.375-393
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• 2006

Under high velocity, pulse type near source earthquakes semi-active control systems are very effective in reducing seismic response base isolated structures. Semi-active control systems can be classified as: 1) independently variable stiffness, 2) independently variable damping, and 3) combined variable stiffness and damping systems. Several researchers have studied the effectiveness of independently varying damping systems for seismic response reduction of base isolated structures. In this study effectiveness of a combined system consisting of a semi-active independently variable stiffness (SAIVS) device and a magnetorheological (MR) damper in reducing seismic response of base isolated structures is analytically investigated. The SAIVS device can vary the stiffness, and hence the period, of the isolation system; whereas, the MR damper enhances the energy dissipation characteristics of the isolation system. Two separate control algorithms, i.e., a nonlinear tangential stiffness moving average control algorithm for smooth switching of the SAIVS device and a Lyapunov based control algorithm for damping variation of MR damper, are developed. Single and multi degree of freedom systems consisting of sliding base isolation system and both the SAIVS device and MR damper are considered. Results are presented in the form of nonlinear response spectra, and effectiveness of combined variable stiffness and variable damping system in reducing seismic response of sliding base isolated structures is evaluated. It is shown that the combined variable stiffness and variable damping system leads to significant response reduction over cases with variable stiffness or variable damping systems acting independently, over a broad period range.